Organic Reactions Flashcards
The addition of hydrogen to an alkane can also be classified as _____.
Reduction
Describe two different reactions that could be used to produce propan-2-ol
Hydration of propene (+ H2O) Substitution of 2-halopropane (+ NaOH)
Can tertiary alcohols be oxidised?
No
Desribe a chemical test to distinguish hexane from hexene
Add bromine water, alkene becomes colourless first (without UV light)
The condensation of a carboxylic acid and an amine produces which type of compound?
Amide
Determine the products of the hydrolysis of ethyl propanoate
Ethanol and propanoic acid
Describe how to test for a primary alcohol.
Add an ox agent (EG KMNO4) - it will change colour
Determine the reactant needed to produce 2- fluoropentane from pent- 2-ene
HF
Describe the products of the oxidation of a primary alcohol
Aldehyde then carboxylic acid
Elimination
reactions produce
_____ compounds.
Unsaturated
Haloalkanes can undergo
elimination or substitution when reacting with NaOH. Which conditions promote elimination?
High temp, conc NaOH, ethanol solvent
Identify two differenet products of condensation reactions
Ester + amide
Identfy two reaction types that produce amines
Reduction (of a nitrile) Substitution (of a haloalkane)
Markovnikov’s rule applied to addition reactions with hydrogen halides says that..
the hydrogen atom will be added to the carbon with the greatest number of hydrogen atoms
Identify the class of compound produced when a haloalkane undergoes substitution with ammonia (NH3)
Amine
Name the product when 2-chlorobutane reacts with dilute NaOH at room temperature
Butan-2-ol
Identify the products of complete combustion
Water and carbon dioxide
Name the product when ethane reacts with chlorine (in UV light)
chloroethane
Identify the reactant needed to produce hexanenitrile from 1- chloropentane
KCN
Name the product
when water reacts
with but-1-ene
Butan-2-ol (Markovnikov’s rule)
Name two common oxidising agents
dichromate (VI) / (Cr2O72-) permanganate / manganate (VII) / (MnO4)-
What two classes of organic compounds react to form an ester?
An alcohol and a carboxylic acid
True or false - amides are basic?
False
What type of reaction do alkanes undergo?
Substitution
What colour change is associated with the oxidation of an alcohol with potassium dichromate?
Organe to green
Which class undergoes addition?
Alkenes
What colour would you expect to see when potassium manganate (VII) is combined with a) propan-1- ol and b) methylpropan-2-ol
a) purple -> colourless / brown PPT b) purple (no change)
What is produced when a secondary alcohol is oxidised?
A ketone
