Organic Materials Structure and Function Flashcards
a-glucose polymerises to form which branched glucose polymer?
Amylopectin
a-glucose polymerises to form which unbranched glucose polymer?
Amylose
Give an example of a copolymer
polyester
These are formed where adjacent polypeptides intereact through H bonding between the peptide bonds
B-pleated sheets
Hard water contains high levels of “______”
Metals ions such as Ca2+, Fe2+, Mg2+
In relation to water solubility, what is the name given to the carbon chain of a soap molecule?
Hydrophobic
In relation to water solubility, what is the name given to the ionic end of a soap molecule?
Hydrophilic
B-Glucose polymerises to form which unbranched and insoluble polymer?
Cellulose
Interactions between side chains of amino acids in a polypeptide chain can be of four forms. Name three.
Ionic bonds, Disulfide bonds, hydrophobic interactions/dispersion forces, hydrophilic interactions/H-bonding
The coiled spring structure where the side chains extend beyond the helix itself is known as …?
a-helix
The monomer of polylactic acid is?
Lactic acid
Provide an advantage of natural polymers over synthetic polymers
Natural polymers are biodegradable due to reversibility of condensation reaction
The monomer tetrafluoroethene forms which polymer used for coating frypans.
Polytetraflurorethene (PTFE)
The _______ structure considers the 3D arrangment of a protein.
Teriary
The _______ structure considers the final, complete structure fo a protein.
Quarternary
Name the amino acid without a chiral centre.
Glycine
Name the atom that joins monosaccharides to form a glycosidic bond.
Oxygen
The _______ structure of a protein is the local folding of a polypeptide.
Secondary
Name the monomer of polyethylene.
Ethene
The _______ structure of
a protein is the
sequence of amino
acids.
Primary
Through which carbons do disaccharides form a glycosidic linkage?
1, 4
What is the empirical formula of a monosaccharide?
CH2O
Through which carbons does amylopectin form a glycosidic linkage?
1 & 4 and 1 & 6
What is the name for a monomer of protein?
Amino acid
Triglycerides consist of how many fatty acids?
3
What is the name given to a polymer formed from two different monomers?
Copolymer
Two major competing theories exist on the workings of enzymes, Name them.
Induced fit model, Lock and Key model
What is the name given to the form of amino acids where a H+ has been released from the carboxyl group and accepted by the amino group?
Zwitterion
What are the products in the reaction between triglycerides and sodium hydroxide?
Glycerol and soap molecules
What is the significant difference between the induced fit model and the lock and key model of enzyme action?
The ability of the enzyme to flex
What molecule is eliminated in condensation reactions?
Water
What polymer property(s) does degree of crystallinity affect?
Hardness and Density
Which polymer of polypropylene has the methyl groups on the same side?
isotactic polypropylene. iPP
What type of intermolecular forces exist between chains of polypropene?
Dispersion forces
Which polymer of polypropylene has the methyl groups randomly distributed along the chain?
atactic polypropylene. aPP
Which structural form/s of polypropene have crystalline regions?
isotactic and syntactic
Which polymer is joined by 1-4 and 1-6 glycosidic bonds between alpha glucose molecules?
Glycogen
Which polymer of polypropylene has the methyl groups alternating along the chain?
syntactic polypropylene. sPP
