organic molecules

Question 1

4 main categories of organic molecules
(catnip)

Answer 1

carbs
nucleic acids
proteins
lipids

Question 2

carbs used for
(cars need fuel)

Answer 2

fuel + building material

Question 3

lipids (basic made up of)
(how do celebs like their lips)

Answer 3

fats and oils

Question 4

proteins
(gym bros do the most)

Answer 4

perform most cell functions

Question 5

nucleic acids
(nucleus is brain, what do brains do)

Answer 5

information storage

Question 6

what are carbs made of
(what else makes you fat)

Answer 6

sugar molecules

Question 7

smallest unit of carbs/sugars
(means one in egyptian)

Answer 7

monosaccharides

Question 8

monosaccharides definition and examples
hints for each example
-you only live once, may as well sniff…
-take the r out and you swear…
-galaxy…

Answer 8

-sugars that contain just one sugar unit/monomer
glucose
fructose
galactose

Question 9

how cells use sugar (all uses)

Answer 9

-main fuel for cellular work
-provide raw material to make other molecules e.g fats
-used to make energy storage structures
-serve as building materials

Question 10

disaccharides definition and examples
(di)

Answer 10

• double sugars
• produced from two monosaccharides
• e.g suctose = glucose + fructose

Question 11

glucose + glucose
glucose + fructose
glucose + galactose

Answer 11

= maltose + H2O (you mal to have two sugars in tea)
= sucrose + H2O (so close to free toes)
= lactose + H2O (gals lac toes)

Question 12

polysaccharides
3 common types
hints
START with …
id fly for gin…
i win so…

Answer 12

• starch
  *in plant cells
• glycogen :
  *in animal cells
  *glucose storage
  *abundant in muscle and liver cells
• cellulose:
  *used by plant cells for building materials
  *makes up cell walls
  *humans cant digest

Question 13

lipids description
(trigglyosaur)

Answer 13

-contains H,C,O
- hydrophobic
- most basic lipid, triglyceride :
3 fatty acids, hydro carbon molecules bonded to a glycerol molecule

Question 14

functions of lipids

Answer 14

-acts as a boundary - major component of cell membranes
-circulate in the body as chemical signals to cells, some are hormones (fat talks to teenage girls and gives them EDs)
-stores energy
-insulates body

Question 15

saturated fats
(loyal ones, solid)

Answer 15

-the carbon atoms in fatty acid chains with only single bonds
- incl animal fats
-coconut oil, butter
-solids @ room temp

Question 16

unsaturated fats
(hoes, always wet)

Answer 16

• at least one double bond between carbon atoms in one of the fatty acid chains
• in fruits, veg, fish, sunflower, canola, and olive oil
  -liquids @ room temp

Question 17

steroids

Answer 17

• the carbon skeleton (not a real skeleton)
• lipids (hydrophobic)
• some act as chemical signals/hormones
  (like estrogen or testosterone)

Question 18

proteins
monomer proteins called?
amino acids bond to form chains called?
amino acid + amino acid = ?
amino acid + amino acid + amino acid = ?
4 - 49 amino acids bonded together called?
50+ bonds called?

Answer 18

amino acids
polypeptide
dipeptide
tripeptide
polypeptide
protein

Question 19

all amino acids have…

Answer 19

• a central carbon bound to an amino group, a carboxyll group, and an H atom.
  the fourth bond is with a unique side bond - the “R” group
  differences in side groups convey diff properties to each amino acid

Question 20

protein shape
functionality proteins consist of …
how does shape affect functioning of proteins

Answer 20

• twisted, coiled and shaped polypeptides
• proteins cannot function if shape is altered

Question 21

surrounding environment
(of proteins)

Answer 21

usually aqueous, plays role in shape of protein

Question 22

denaturation?
what causes it?

Answer 22

loss of normal protein shape
changes in extreme temp, PH or other env conditions

Question 23

enzymes?

Answer 23

proteins that speed up specific reactions in cells

Question 24

activation energy

Answer 24

minimum energy req. to start chemical reaction
chemical bonds in reactants must be weakened to start most reactions

Question 25

catalysts

Answer 25

compounds speeding up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy

Question 26

enzymes

Answer 26

proteins acting as catalysts for chemical reactions organisms

Question 27

enzymes provide a way for…

Answer 27

chemical reactions to take place in cells at a normal temp.

Question 28

substrate

Answer 28

its a specific reactant onto which an enzyme attaches

Question 29

active site

Answer 29

the region of the enzyme that the substrate fits onto
substrate binds to enzymes active site where the substrate undergoes a change

Question 30

how enzymes work
think about it like a hookup
mood changes to adapt to dates mood
drink to lower inhibitions, making your hookup start faster
once done, ready for next hookup

Answer 30

*shape of enzyme only fits the shape of specific reactant molecules
*as substrate enters, active site changes to form snug attachment
*attachment weakens bonds, lowering energy, speeding up the process
*once products of the reaction are released, active site is ready to accept another reactant molecule