gr 11 terminology

Question 1

capsid

Answer 1

a protein coat surrounding the nucleic material of a virus (bag holding stationary)

Question 2

acellular

Answer 2

non-cellular

Question 3

obligate parasite

Answer 3

obligate = forced; a parasitic organism that cannot
complete its life-cycle without exploiting a suitable host
(if an obligate parasite cannot obtain a host it will fail to
reproduce)

Question 4

host

Answer 4

an organism that harbours a parasite

Question 5

pathogenic

Answer 5

an organism that causes disease

Question 6

bacteriophage

Answer 6

a type of virus that infects bacteria; the word “phage”
means to eat”

Question 7

nucleoid

Answer 7

an irregularly shaped region within the cell of a prokaryote that contains all or most of the genetic material

Question 8

prokaryotic

Answer 8

an organism where the nuclear material is not enclosed
in a membrane

Question 9

eukaryotic

Answer 9

single or multicellular group of organisms
have a membrane-bound nucleus containing genetic material

Question 10

flagellum

Answer 10

The word “flagellum” means “whip”. The flagella have a whip-like appearance that helps to propel a cell through the liquid.
(tail)

Question 11

saprophytic

Answer 11

plant or fungal microorganisms that feeds on dead or
decaying issues of other organisms
(heterotrophic)

Question 12

plasmid

Answer 12

a plasmid is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA
molecule that is distinct from a cell’s chromosomal DNA

Question 13

phytoplankton

Answer 13

very small plants (algae) that float on or near the surface
of water

Question 14

zooplankton

Answer 14

consisting of small animals and the immature stages of
larger animals which float on or near the surface of the
water

Question 15

chitin

Answer 15

Chitin is a large, structural polysaccharide made from chains of modified glucose.
found in the exoskeletons of insects and the cell walls of fungi

Question 16

hyphae

Answer 16

a network of multi-celled threadlike filaments forming the mycelium of a fungus
make up mycellium

Question 17

mycelium

Answer 17

a vegetative mass or network of fungal hyphae found in
and on soil or organic substrates
(root-like structure)
shit ton of hyphae

Question 18

multinucleate

Answer 18

cells that have more than one nucleus per cell, i.e.,
multiple nuclei shared in one common cytoplasm

Question 19

budding

Answer 19

a form of asexual reproduction which involves the pinching off of offspring from the parent cell; the offspring cell is genetically identical to the parent

Question 20

Spore

Answer 20

a reproductive cell capable of developing into a new
individual without fusion with another reproductive cell

Question 21

viruses are the literal definiton of…
made up

Answer 21

work smarter not harder

Question 22

3 ways nitrogen becomes available to higher plants

Answer 22

nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification.

Question 22

3 ways nitrogen becomes available to higher plants

Answer 22

nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification.

Question 23

describe the ecological role of algae:

Answer 23

convert water and carbon dioxide to sugar through the process of photosynthesis

Question 24

ecological role of algae in maintenance of oxygen-carbon dioxide balance

Answer 24

algae produce oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis