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Chemistry A Level > Organic Mechanism's > Flashcards

Organic Mechanism's Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the mechanism from alkane to alkene
Conditions

A

Thermal Cracking - Elimination
High Temp + Pressure

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2
Q

What is the mechanism from alkene to alkane
Conditions

A

Electrophilic Addition
With H2
Ni catalyst
200 degrees

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3
Q

What is the mechanism from alkane to haloalkane
Conditions

A

Free Radical Substitution
UV light

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4
Q

What is the mechanism from alkene to haloalkane
Conditions

A

Electrophilic addition
With HX

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5
Q

What is the mechanism from haloalkane to alkene
Conditions

A

Elimination
Heat and ethanol NaOH

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6
Q

What is the mechanism from alkene to alcohol
Conditions

A

Electrophilic addition
Sulfuric acid and steam

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7
Q

What is the mechanism from alcohol to alkene

A

Elimination - Dehydration
Al2O3 and sulfuric acid

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8
Q

What is the mechanism from haloalkane to alcohol
Conditions

A

Nucleophilic substitution
NaOH in solution
warm

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9
Q

What is the mechanism from haloalkane to Nitrile

A

Nucleophilic substitution
Warm ethanoic KCN

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10
Q

What is the mechanism from haloalkane to amine

A

Nucleophilic substitution
2 NH3
hot and ethanoic

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11
Q

What is the mechanism from alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

Reflux
Acidified potassium dichromate
Primary alcohol

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12
Q

What is the mechanism from alcohol to aldehyde

A

Distillation
Primary alcohol
acidified potassium dichromate

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13
Q

What is the mechanism from aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

Reflux
Potassium dichromate

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14
Q

What is the mechanism from aldehyde to alcohol

A

Reduction
NaBH4

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15
Q

What is the mechanism from alcohol to ketone

A

Oxidation
Acidified potassium dichromate
Secondary alcohol

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16
Q

What is the mechanism from ketone to alcohol

A

Reduction
NaBH4

17
Q

What is the mechanism from aldehyde to hydroxy nitrile

A

Nucleophilic addition
KCN

18
Q

What is the mechanism from ketone to hydroxy nitrile

A

Nucleophilic addition
KCN

19
Q

What is the mechanism for acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

A

nucleophilic addition elimination
Acylation (hydrolysis)
Water

20
Q

What is the mechanism for acyl chloride to ester

A

Nucleophilic addition elimination
Acylation
Alcohol

21
Q

What is the mechanism for acyl chloride to amide

A

Nucleophilic addition elimination
Acylation
2 ammonia

22
Q

What is the mechanism for acyl chloride to N-substituted amide

A

Nucleophilic addition elimination
Acylation
2 Primary amine

23
Q

What is the mechanism for benzene to nitrobenzene

A

Electrophilic substitution
Nitration
Concentrated nitric and sulphuric acid
50 degrees

24
Q

What is the mechanism for benzene to aromatic ketone

A

Electrophilic substitution
Friedel Crafts acylation
Acyl chloride/acid anhydride + AlCl3 cataylst

25
Q

What is the mechanism from alkene to alkyl hydrogensulphate

A

Electrophilic substitution
Concentrated sulphuric acid

26
Q

What is the mechanism from alkyl hydrogensulphate to alcohol

A

Hot water

27
Q

what is the mechanism from amine to amide

A

Acyl chloride/acid anhydride
nucleophilic addition - elimination

28
Q

What is the mechanism from ketone to 2-hydroxynitrile

A

Nucleophilic addition
HCN

29
Q

What is the mechanism from alcohol to ester

A

esterification
Carboxylic acid
Acyl chloride
acid anhydride

30
Q

What is the mechanism from nitrile to amine

A

Reduction
H2
Ni
200 degrees

31
Q

What is the mechanism from benzene to cyclohexene

A

H2
Ni
Reduction

32
Q

Whats the mechanism from aromatic ketone to aromatic alcohol

A

NaBH4
reduction

33
Q

Whats the mechanism from Nitrobenzene to phenylamine

A

Sn
HCl then NaOH
Reduction

Chemistry A Level (20 decks)

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