Organic Chemistry Introduction Flashcards
1
Q
What is a hydrocarbon?
A
A compound that contains hydrogen and carbon only
2
Q
What are the different ways of representing organic molecules?
A
- Empirical formula
- Molecular formula
- Displayed formula
- Structural formula
3
Q
What is a homologous series?
A
- A series of organic compounds that have similiar features and properties due to them having the same functional group
- They all have the same general formula
- For example, alkenes are a homogolous series
4
Q
What is a functional group?
A
- A group of atoms bonded in a specific arrangement that makes a compound part of a homogolous series
- For example, C=C is the functional group for alkenes
5
Q
What is an isomer?
A
Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but a different displayed/structural formula
6
Q
What are the prefixes for organic compounds and how many carbon atoms do these names mean they have?
A
- Meth… - 1 carbon atom
- Eth… - 2 carbon atoms
- Prop… - 3 carbon atoms
- But… - 4 carbon atoms
- Pent… - 5 carbons atoms
- Hex… - 6 carbon atoms
7
Q
What are the suffixes for organic compounds and what family/homologous series do these names mean they are in?
A
- …ane - Alkane
- …ene - Alkene
- …anol - Alcohol
- …anoic acid - Carboxylic acid
- …yl …anoate - Ester
- …amine - Amine
8
Q
What is a subsitution reaction?
A
- A substituion reaction is where one functional group or atom is replaced by another
- For example: Methane + Bromine = Bromomethane + Hydrogen Bromide
9
Q
What is an addition reaction?
A
- An addition reaction is when two or more molecules combine to form a larger molecule with no other products
- For example: Ethene + Bromine = Dibromoethane
10
Q
What is a combustion reaction?
A
- A combusion reaction is when a compound reactions with oxygen to form smaller compounds and lets out alot of heat and light (burning)
- For example: Methane + Oxygen = Carbon dioxide + Water
