Atomic Structure

Question 1

What is meant by the term atom?

Answer 1

The smallest particle of an element that consists of electrons surrounding a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons

Question 2

What is meant by the term molecule?

Answer 2

Two or more atoms chemically joined together, forming an indentifiable unit

The atoms can be from the same element, or a different element

Question 3

What are the three sub-atomic particles?

Answer 3

Protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 4

Where are the protons found in the atom?

Answer 4

The nucleus

Question 5

Where are the neutrons found in the atom?

Answer 5

The nucleus

Question 6

Where are the electrons found in the atom?

Answer 6

Orbiting in shells around the nucleus

Question 7

What is the relative mass of a proton?

Answer 7

1

Question 8

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

Answer 8

1

Question 9

What is the relative mass of an electron?

Answer 9

0.0005 (basically 0)

Question 10

What is the charge of a proton?

Answer 10

+1

Question 11

What is the charge of a neutron?

Answer 11

0

Question 12

What is the charge of an electron?

Answer 12

-1

Question 13

What is the atomic number?

Answer 13

The number of protons in a nucleus

Question 14

What is the mass number?

Answer 14

The number of protons and neutons in a nucleus

Question 15

What is an isotope?

Answer 15

An atom with the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons

Therefore they have the same atomic number but a differing mass number

Question 16

What is meant by relative atomic mass?

Answer 16

The average mass of one atom of an element, taking into account abundances of isotopes (one unit is 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom)

For example, oxygen’s relative atomic mass if 16

Question 17

How do you calculate relative atomic mass from isotopic abundances?

Answer 17

(% of isotope A x mass of isotope A) + (% of isotope B x mass of isotope B) DIVIDED BY 100