Organic chemistry (Intro)

Question 1

What is organic chemistry?

Answer 1

Compounds that contain carbon atoms

Question 2

What are hydrocarbons?

Answer 2

Compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen atoms only

Question 3

Can a carbon for double bound to it self?

Answer 3

Yes it can for multiple bounds to it self C=C

Question 4

What are the five types of formula used to show organic molecules?

Answer 4

.Empirical formula
.Molecular formula
.General formula
.Structural formula
.Displayed formula

Question 5

What is the empirical formula?

Answer 5

Simplest (simplified) version of atoms in a compound and can help to find the molecular formula if it is not given.

Question 6

What is the molecular formula?

Answer 6

Actual number of each type of atom in a molecule but it does not say how the atoms are bonded together.

Question 7

What is the structural formula?

Answer 7

Shows how atoms in a molecule are joined together (2d diagram) , a displayed formula shows how all the bonds are bonded together and a condensed structural formula shows single bonds of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms.

Question 8

What is a homologous seirs?

Answer 8

Compounds/ molecules with similar chemical properties because they have the same functional group (certain type of atoms that are the cause for how the molecule reacts).

Question 9

What is the general formula?

Answer 9

The formula for a homolgous seirs

Question 10

What are examples of a homolgous seirs in organic chemistry?

Answer 10

Alkanes and alkenes

Question 11

What is the general formula for alkanes?

Answer 11

CnH2n+2

Question 12

What is the general formula for alkenes?

Answer 12

CnH2n

Question 13

What are structural isomers?

Answer 13

Molecules with the molecular formula (so same number of atoms) but different structure.

Question 14

How many bonds do alkanes contain?

Answer 14

One bond

Question 15

What are the six prefexis for the number of carbon atoms?

Answer 15

.Meth-one
.Eth-two
.Prop-three
.But-four
.Pent-five
.Hex-six

Question 16

What is the suffix for alkanes?

Answer 16

Ane e.g. methANE

Question 17

Are all alkanes in straight chains?

Answer 17

No some have branches (Isomers)

Question 18

Are the branches of alkanes seprate from the main chain of carbons? (Isomers)

Answer 18

Not enitirely altogther the carbon atoms would ad up but when writing it out the branches would be shown as seprate e.g., Methylbutane, shows taht there is a branch with one carbon atom and a chain of 4 carbon atoms

Question 19

What are examples of isomers?

Answer 19

2-Methylbutane,- one carbon atom in the branch and 4 carbon atoms in the chain
2,2-dimethylpropane. - 2 branches with one carbon atom in each and 3 carbon atoms in the chain

Question 20

What is the suffix for Alkenes?

Answer 20

Ene e.g ethENE

Question 21

What is subsitution reaction?

Answer 21

Reaction occurs when when an atom or groups of atoms is replaced by a different atom or groups of atoms.

Question 22

Can this happen in alkanes?

Answer 22

Yes it happens when hydrogen atoms are replaced by halgon atoms

Question 23

What is an addition reaction?

Answer 23

When somthing is added to a molecuele without changing the orginal molecule just adding on to what was already their.

Question 24

Does an addition reaction tak eplace in an alkane or alkene?

Answer 24

Alkeneff

Question 25

What is combustion?

Answer 25

Burning compounds with teh reaction of oxygen. Combustion hydrocarbons with more oxygen increases carbon dioxide and water together realisng a large amount of heat energy

Question 26

What is the equation for hydrocarbon combustions?

Answer 26

CnHn +O2 —— CO2 + H2O