Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What is the formula for alkanes?
Cn H2n+2
What is the formula for ethane?
C2H6
What is the formula for alkenes?
Cn H2n
What is the formula for butene?
C4H8
How are alkanes separated?
Fractional distillation
What is crude oil a mix of?
Different Hydrocarbons
What do alkenes use in their formula?
Double bonds
Why is there no such thing as methene?
Carbon needs a double bend with another carbon but cannot as it is a single carbon
Give examples of the alkenes in their homologous series
Ethene, propene, butene, pentene, hexene.
What is methane used in?
Stoves
What are propane and butane used for?
Barbecues and camping stoves
What are the 4 groups in organic chemistry?
Alkanes, alkenes, alcohols and carboxylic acids
What is the formula for alcohols?
Cn H2n+1 OH
What do all alcohols have?
A hydroxyl group (-OH)
What are alcohols are room temperature?
Liquid
What state are alkanes in at room temperature?
Gas
What are the 2 ways of producing ethanol?
1) ethene + steam
2) Fermenting sugar with yeast
As the carbon number increases, what also increases?
The boiling point
How is ethanol converted to ethanoic acid?
Oxidation
What is the formula for carboxylic acids?
CnH2n02
What do all carboxylic acids contain?
A -COOH group
What does an increase in the chain length mean?
That it will be more of a waxy solid
Where can we find ethanoic acid in everyday life?
Vinegar
In fractional distillation, what do longer carbon chains indicate?
That they are less useful as they are heavier
