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GCSE Chemistry⚗ > Atoms, Elements, Compounds and Mixtures > Flashcards

Atoms, Elements, Compounds and Mixtures Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an atom?

A

A small molecule that makes up everything

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2
Q

What is an element?

A

More than one of the same atoms together

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3
Q

What is a compound?

A

Atoms and elements which have chemically bonded together

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4
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Atoms and elements that haven’t chemically bonded

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5
Q

Give an example of an atom

A

2 atoms in Helium etc

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6
Q

Give an example of an element?

A

Nitrogen, oxygen

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7
Q

Give an example of a compound?

A

Methane, water, sodium chloride

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8
Q

Give an example of a mixture

A

Air

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9
Q

What is combustion?

A

A quick reaction which combines something with oxygen

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10
Q

Give an example of combustion

A

Methane + oxygen –> Carbon dioxide + water

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11
Q

What is incomplete combustion?

A

When combustion takes place and there is not enough oxygen to complete the reaction, so carbon and carbon monoxide are released

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12
Q

Name 4 types of common fuels

A

Methane, Diesel, Butane, Oil

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13
Q

What is an endothermic reaction?

A

A reaction whereby heat is taken IN

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14
Q

What is an exothermic reaction?

A

A reaction whereby heat is given OFF

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15
Q

What is the Law of the Conservation of Matter?

A

Matter can be neither created nor destroyed

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16
Q

What is valency?

A

The number of hydrogen atoms an element can combine or displace with

17
Q

What is the process for when a solid turns to a liquid?

A

Melting

18
Q

What is the process for when a liquid turns to a gas?

A

Evaporation

19
Q

What is the process for when a gas turns to a liquid?

A

Condensation

20
Q

What is the process for when a liquid turns into a solid?

A

Freezing

21
Q

What is the process for when a gas turns to a solid or vice versa?

A

Sublimation

22
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The random movement of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

23
Q

What is the mass of one proton and one neutron?

A

1 amu (atomic mass unit) each

24
Q

What is the mass of one electron?

A

1/2000 of an AMU

25
Q

How many electrons are there on the inner shell?

A

2

26
Q

What is the pattern for electrons on the outer shell?

A

[2, 8. 8, 8,]

GCSE Chemistry⚗ (7 decks)

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