Organic chem Flashcards
Mood stabilizer, well being and happiness
serotonin
Associated with love, trust and attachment
oxytocin
pain relief, runner’s high, relaxation
endorphin
Pleasure, motivational role in the brain’s reward system
dopamine
Compounds from living organisms
Organic
Compounds from lifeless matter
Inorganic
Organic compounds thought to have
vital force
Discredited concept of ‘vital force’
Friedrich Wöhler
Organic compounds are produced only under the influence of some mysterious force existing in the living organisms .
Vital force theory
How many bonds can carbon make?
4 bonds
Types Of Bonds
single bond
double bond
triple bond
single covalent bond in which they share 1 pair of electrons.
Single Bond
carbon atoms may share 2 pairs of electrons
Double Bond
carbon atoms may share 3 pairs of electrons
triple bond.
it is a phenomenon shown by numerous organic compounds wherein 2 or more compounds have the same molecular formula (same molecular weight) but different structural formulas and hence differ also in their properties
Isomerism
Types of isomers
skeletal isomers or chain isomers
position isomers
functional isomers
stereoisomers
same molecular formula but differ from each other in their dimensional structure.
Stereoisomers
organic compound solubility in organic solvents
soluble in organic
inorganic compound solubility in organic solvents
insoluble in organic
Uses of organic compound in our daily life
PRESERVATIVES
DRUGS
PLASTICS
FLAVORING IN FOOD
SCENTS
FUEL
PESTICIDES
VITAMINS
Citric acid, sodium benzoate
Preservatives
(antibiotics)
aspirin , acetaminophen
Drugs
the building blocks that compose plastic are organic molecules.
Plastics
what we taste are the organic compounds interacting with our taste buds.
Ex .octyl acetate – orange flavor
Flavoring in food
perfumes and food- anything we detect with our nose is an organic compound interacting with receptors in our nose
Scent
gasoline for cars and oil for their engines are both organic compounds.
fuel
Most pesticides are organic molecules
Pesticides
This help our body do the chemical reactions it needs to do and contributes to the building blocks that our cells and parts need to stay healthy
Vitamins
Open chain
Acyclic
Closed chain
Cyclic
c-c
alkane
c=c
alkene
c triple bond c
alkyne
benzene ring
aromatic
R-OH
alcohol
Ar-OH
Phenol
R-O-R
Ether
R-SH
thiol
R-X
Alkylhalides
R-NH2
amine
R-CO-H
Aldehyde
R-CO-R
Ketone
R-CO-OH
Carboxylic acid
R-CO-O-R
Ester
R-CO-NH2
Amide
R-CO-O-CO-R
Acid anhydride
A reactive part of a molecule that undergoes characteristic reactions
Functional group
A primary source of hydrocarbons
Major use: energy production
Petroleum
Petroleum is usually found in one of two forms:
Natural gas and crude oil
Used mainly for cooking and heating
Natural gas
Must be refined before it can be used
Crude oil
