Organelle Quiz

Question 1

cell wall

Answer 1

to provide support and protection for the cell, in plants and prokaryotes, made of cellulose

Question 2

nucleus

Answer 2

contains nucleic acids; directs activities of the cell, in eukaryotics, control center of the cell

Question 3

chromatin

Answer 3

fine strands in nucleus which contain DNA & proteins

Question 4

chromosomes

Answer 4

carries genetic information and passed on by generation; it is coiled DNA

Question 5

nucleolus

Answer 5

where the assembly of ribosomes begin, the ribosomes get synthesized, small, dense region of nucleus

Question 6

nuclear envelope

Answer 6

composed of double membranes, controls what enters and leaves the nucleus

Question 7

nucleoplasm

Answer 7

dense, protein-rich protoplasm, found inside nucleus

Question 8

cytoskeleton

Answer 8

helps the cell maintain shape, it helps with cell movement

Question 9

microtubules

Answer 9

long, slender protein tubes some form of spindle fibers; part of cytoskeleton, 25 nm in diameter

Question 10

microfilaments

Answer 10

help movement and function of the cell, form extensive networks in some cells, produce a tough, flexible framework that supports the cell.

Question 11

ribosomes

Answer 11

site of protein synthesis most numerous cell organelle, assemble proteins

Question 12

smooth ER

Answer 12

membrane system of folded sacs/tunnels, have few or no ribosomes attached, storage area for proteins

Question 13

rough ER

Answer 13

membrane system of folded sacs/tunnels, have many ribosomes attached make proteins

Question 14

Golgi body

Answer 14

stacks of membranes or fluid-filled sacs which process, package, and secrete proteins operate like an assembly line

Question 15

lysosomes

Answer 15

they break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from food into particles that can be used by the rest of the cell. They also break down organelles that outlived their usefulness and remove debris from cluttering up the cell.

Question 16

vacuole

Answer 16

pressure in vacuoles make it possible for plants to support heavy structures such as leaves and flowers.

Question 17

chloroplast

Answer 17

use the energy from sunlight to make energy-rich food molecules in a process called photosynthesis

Question 18

mitochondria

Answer 18

respiration center of cell nicknamed powerhouse of the cell (ATP-energy for the cell)

Question 19

cytoplasm

Answer 19

jelly-like material inside cell membrane contains water, salts, and organic molecules

Question 20

cell membrane (plasma membrane)

Answer 20

supports cell from environment semi-permeable composed of 2 layers

Question 21

plastid

Answer 21

they store specific things; Plastids form small colorless bodies called proplastids. Once formed certain kinds of plastids can be converted into other types

Question 22

centrioles

Answer 22

separate and take up positions on either side of the nucleus

Question 23

Hooke

Answer 23

used one of the first microscopes to look at thin plant tissues. He saw little chambers and called them cells, which is still used today, he stimulated for other scientists to search for cells in other living things

Question 24

van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 24

produced lens that made small objects larger, first person to see magnified objects in water.

Question 25

Schleiden

Answer 25

concluded all plants are made of cells

Question 26

Schwann

Answer 26

concluded all animals are made of cells

Question 27

Virchow

Answer 27

stated that reproduction forms new cells and cells must come from something

Question 28

What are found in plants but not in animals?

Answer 28

vacuole, chloroplasts, cell wall

Question 29

What are found in animals not plants?

Answer 29

cilia, lysosomes

Question 30

Difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Answer 30

Eukaryotes have a nucleus and a membrane

Question 31

What are the 3 parts of the cell theory?

Answer 31

All living things are composed of cells.
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
New cells are produced from existing cells.

Question 32

Explain how the smooth ER, rough ER, Golgi body, ribosomes, and nucleolus work together in protein synthesis.

Answer 32

The nucleolus makes ribosomes, the ribosomes make proteins, the rough ER gets the proteins modified, sent to the Golgi, which packages them and finalizes them and ships them.

Question 33

What is the cell wall made of? What kind of macromolecule is this?

Answer 33

cellulose (carbohydrate)