Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology I > Chapter 2.3 Quiz > Flashcards

Chapter 2.3 Quiz Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How many valence electrons does Carbon have?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Each atom can join with an electron from another atom to form what kind of bond?

A

covalent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What atoms can Carbon bond with?

A

hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, sulfur, other carbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is organic chemistry?

A

the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are macromolecules?

A

it means “giant molecules”. They are made from thousands of smaller particles. They are formed by a process called polymerization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are monomers?

A

Smaller units that make up polymers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are polymers?

A

many monomers form together to form these, they can be made up of identical or different monomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What’s the process that macromolecules are formed

A

polymerization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 4 groups of organic compounds found in living things?

A

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of a carbohydrate?

A

They give the body structure and is a source of energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What elements make up all the organic compounds?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the ratio of carbohydrate elements?

A

1:2:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a monosaccharide?

A

single sugar molecules, they include galactose, a component of milk, and fructose which are in many fruits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are monosaccharides that form in groups of 2?

A

disaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are polysaccharides?

A

the large macromolecules formed from monosaccharides glycogen in animals and humans and cellulose in plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are examples of carbohydrates used as sources of energy?

A

Sugars and starches

17
Q

What are lipids?

A

a large and varied group of biological molecules that are generally not soluble in water, made mostly of hydrogen and carbon atoms

18
Q

How are lipids formed?

A

when a glycerol molecule combines with fatty acids

19
Q

What are the lipid categories?

A

fats, oils, waxes, steroids, triglycerides

20
Q

The main use of lipids is:

A

to store energy and to serve as waterproof coverings and membranes

21
Q

What elements are nucleic acids made of?

A

CHO, phosphorous, nitrogen

22
Q

What monomers make up nucleic acids?

A

Nucleotides

23
Q

What do nucleotides consist of?

A

A 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

24
Q

What bonds make up nucleic acids?

A

covalent

25
Q

What are examples of nucleic acids storing genetic information?

A

DNA/RNA

26
Q

What elements make up proteins?

A

CHO, nitrogen

27
Q

What are proteins made of?

A

amino acids

28
Q

How many types of amino acids are found in nature?

A

20

29
Q

What are amino acids?

A

compounds with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end

30
Q

What is a carboxyl group?

A

COOH

31
Q

What is an amino group?

A

NH2

32
Q

What makes amino acids different from other organic compounds?

A

They have an R-group

33
Q

What are some protein functions?

A

Some control rates of reaction, and some are used to form bones and muscles. Others transport substances into or out of cells, and some help fight disease

34
Q

What is the structure of a protein?

A

They are a chain of amino acids, then they are twisted and folded and the chain gets twisted and folded.

35
Q

What is the ratio for lipids?

A

CHO 1:2:very few

36
Q

What are some examples of proteins?

A

hormones, enzymes, dairy, meats, nuts, collegein

37
Q

What is the main function of nucleic acids?

A

To transport genetic material, to defend things, and has instructions for proteins.

38
Q

Describe what happens during dehydration synthesis.

A

water molecules are taken away from the molecule and a new one is formed

39
Q

Describe what occurs during hydrolysis

A

A water molecule is added to the molecule and affects it

Biology I (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions