Mitosis/Meiosis Test Flashcards
Explain how sexual reproduction results in unique offspring.
Haploid gets a mixing of the maternal and paternal DNA, chromosomes are shifted. They are split, and you combine your sex cells with someone else’s to make a new form of DNA.
When does DNA Replication happen in meiosis?
Before meiosis begins.
What are the 2 cell divisions of meiosis called?
Meiosis I and IIq
What happens during Prophase I?
One chromosome is maternally derived and another is paternally derived. The nuclear envelope breaks down as well. The chromosomes exchange genetic material and microtubules attach to the chromosomes.
What happens during crossing over?
The chromosomes exchange genetic material and microtubules attach to the chromosomes.
When, during which stage, does crossing over occur in meiosis?
Prophase I
How is Metaphase I different from the metaphase of mitosis?
In Metaphase I, you are separating pairs of chromosomes. In mitosis, the chromosomes line up during metaphase.
What happens during Anaphase I?
Chromosomes from each pair move to opposite poles of the cell
What stage comes after Anaphase I?
Telophase I
In Prophase II, each cell is a _____
haploid
What happens in Metaphase II?
The chromosomes have lined up on the equatorial plate.
What happens in Anaphase II?
When chromatids are separated from each other.
What happens in Telophase II?
Chromosomes decondense and nuclear membranes reform.
How many cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
4
Are the cells produced during meiosis identical to each other? Explain.
No, they are half-identical
Which mitosis phase is when chromatin condenses into chromosomes?
Prophase
What mitosis phase is when chromosomes line up in the center of the cell.
Metaphase
Longest Part of the Cell cycle
Interphase
Part of mitosis when Nuclear envelope breaks down
Prometaphase
When the cell cleaves into two daughter cells.
Cytokinesis
Part of mitosis when chromosomes arrive at the poles.
Telophase
Part of mitosis when chromatids are pulled apart.
Anaphase
How many chromosomes are visible at the beginning of mitosis?
4
How many are in each daughter cell at the end of mitosis?
4
What happens to the centrioles during mitosis?
They go to the poles of the cell.
What are the 5 major phases of a cell life cycle?
Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
What are kinetochores? When are they formed?
Kinetochores are the place that on a chromosome that a spindle fiber attaches to during prophase and metaphase.
How long does mitosis take?
Several hours
Why are most cells in Interphase?
It’s the cell’s resting place.
