Cellular Respiration Quiz Flashcards
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Powerhouse of the cell, performs cellular respiration and act as the digestive system for cells.
How are the mitochondria different from the chloroplasts?
Mitochondria don’t perform photosynthesis.
How are the mitochondria similar to the chloroplasts?
They both are bounded by 2 membranes and they both synthesize ATP.
What is the principal compound that provides the cell with energy?
ATP
Describe the difference in how autotrophs and heterotrophs obtain the raw materials(food) which will provide them with energy.
Autotrophs make their own food by photosynthesis and heterotrophs get food from other organisms.
Where does glycolysis happen?
The cytoplasm
What is the net gain of ATP from glycolysis?
2 ATP is gained
What determines the next pathway in cellular respiration?
If oxygen is still present
How much of chemical energy in glucose is still available after glycolysis?
90% chemical energy is left.
Where does the Krebs cycle happen?
Mitochondria
Why is the Krebs cycle also known as the Citric acid cycle?
Citric acid is the first compound formed in series of reactions.
What product of the Krebs cycle is released into the atmosphere?
CO2
What energy carriers are produced during the Krebs cycle? What will happen to these molecules?
NADPH and FADH2. They are passed onto the electron transport chain.
How much ATP is produced by the Krebs cycle?
1 ATP
Where did the NADH and FADH2 come from in the ETC?
2NAD+ and FAD
What is the final electron acceptor in the ETC?
4H+ + O2
Where is the ETC happen in eukaryotes?
The mitochondria’s inner membrane
Where does the ETC happen in prokaryotes?
The plasma membrane
Which part of photosynthesis is the ETC similar to?
light-dependent reactions
How much ATP is generated by the ETC?
3 ATP
Aerobic respiration converts approximately 38% of glucose’s energy into ATP. What happens to the other 62% of the energy?
The other 62% is released as heat during the breakdown of glucose.
What is alcoholic fermentation?
Alcoholic fermentation produces CO2 and alcohol. It causes bread dough to rise. When yeast in dough runs out of oxygen, it ferments. The alcohol in the dough evaporates after it gets baked. This takes place in the mitochondria.
What is lactic acid fermentation?
Lactic acid fermentation is produced in human cells during exercise when the body can’t supply enough oxygen to the tissues. It helps the muscles make ATP when your muscles run out of oxygen. It takes place in the cytoplasm.
Compare the amount of usable energy that is produced in aerobic respiration to that produced in anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration needs oxygen to work. Anaerobic respiration is a form of respiration using electron acceptors other than oxygen. The energy-releasing pathways within cells require oxygen, and that it the reason we need oxygen to breathe.
Describe how the human body obtains energy during exercise.
The breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration gives people energy during exercise. The glucose and other important chemicals come in our food. When the nutrients/chemical building blocks are stored, our body gets energy.
What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
6O2 + C6H12O6 —–> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
What is the cellular respiration equation in words?
oxygen + glucose —-yields—–>carbon dioxide + water + energy
How is respiration different from photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide into glucose. Oxygen is produced as a by product during photosynthesis. Sugar and other carbohydrates are used as fuel by cells. During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down using oxygen. This reaction releases energy which is used to create ATP molecules.
