Organ Systems Flashcards
Circulatory System (cardiovascular system) Includes what?
heart, blood vessels (e.g. arteries, veins, arterioles), and blood
What does the circulatory system do?
supports the circulation and distribution of various substances throughout the body. O2, hormones, and nutrients from food are some examples.
This system has hormones that influence BP
endocrine system
This system helps regulate blood volume and pressure by adjusting what?
Urinary system, urine volume
This system controls BP, HR, and blood distribution to various areas
Nervous system
What hormone in women helps vascular health
Estrogen
This system allows escape of heat by dilation of superficial blood vessels
Integumentary system
This system is where blood vessels are formed. What system and where are they formed?
Skeletal system, bone marrow
What organs does the digestive system consist of?
organs in path of mouth to anus include - esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum, anus
other organs involved are - liver an pancreas
What does the digestive system do?
- consists of all organs from mouth to anus involved in ingestion and breakdown or processing of food
- manufactures enzymes to break down food so nutrients can easily pass to blood
what organ does the absorption of nutrients occur?
Small intestine
what parts does the small intestine consist of?
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
After the small intestine absorbs nutrients, which organ removes H2O from the waste that remains?
colon
what organ produces bile that helps breakdown fats?
the liver
what organ delivers enzymes to the small intestine that aid in digestion?
pancreas
what glands are apart of the endocrine system?
pineal, pituitary, thalamus, hypothalamus, thyroid, thymus, and adrenal
what does the endocrine system do?
- serves to control body functions
- it’s glands secrete hormones that travel through blood to organs in the body
- regulate processes such as growth and metabolism
what other parts in the body have endocrine functions even though they belong to other systems?
- pancreas
- testis
- ovaries
what does the integumentary system consist of?
- skin
- mucous membranes
- hair
- nails
what does the integumentary system do?
- protects internal tissues from injury
- waterproofs body
- helps regulate body temp
- barrier to pathogens (microorganisms capable of producing disease)
what 2 systems provide O2 and nutrients to the skin to help it remain healthy?
digestive and respiratory
what system picks up excess fluid from the skin to avoid swelling?
lymphatic
what system provides the integumentary’s shape and support?
skeletal
hormones from what system regulate hair growth and hydration?
endocrine
what system generates heat that the skin expels?
muscular
what system activates Vitamin D?
urinary
what system regulates production of sweat, interprets stimuli, and adjusts the diameter of blood vessels in skin?
nervous
what does the lymphatic system consist of?
- lymph nodes
- lymph vessels that carry lymph (clear fluid rich in antibodies)
- the spleen
- the thymus
- the tonsils
what does the lymphatic system do?
- supports the immune system by housing and transporting WBC to and from lymph nodes
- returns fluid that has leaked from the cardiovascular system back into blood vessels
what system helps with proper lymphatic functioning by helping to maintain proper H2O/acid-base/electrolyte balance of the blood?
urinary
what organ helps control the immune response of the lymphatic system?
the brain
acidic secretions in what 2 systems prevent bacterial growth
reproductive and integumentary
what does the muscular system consist of?
- skeletal muscles
- tendons that connect muscles to bones
- ligaments that attach bones together to form joints
what system releases hormones that influence muscular strength?
endocrine
what system regulates and coordinates muscle activity?
nervous
what system encourages larger muscle size in men?
reproductive
what provides levers from muscular activity?
bones
what does the nervous system consist of?
- brain
- spinal cord
- nerves
what does the nervous system do?
serves as the body’s control system
what do sensory receptors do?
detect stimuli that occur both inside and outside the body
since the conduction of nervous impulses are so fast what does this allow the nervous system to do?
make its possible for an immediate reflexive response to protect the body
when the nervous system detects a threat what is the nervous system able to do?
activate appropriate muscles or glands to respond
What system releases hormones that regulate the activity of neurons?
Endocrine
What system helps dispose of metabolic wastes and maintains the correct electrolyte balance for proper nerve function?
Urinary
What is the main purpose of the reproductive system?
To produce offspring
What does the reproductive system consist of?
- testes
- penis
- ovaries
- vagina
- breasts
What system transports sex hormones?
Lymphatic
What system is involved in childbirth?
muscular
What does the skeletal system do?
- Provides support and protection for the body and it’s organs and supplies a framework when used in conjunction with muscles to create movement
- storage for minerals like calcium and phosphorus
What does the skeletal system consist of?
- bones
- cartilage
- ligaments
- joints
what system releases hormones that regulate growth and the release of calcium?
endocrine
what system provides nutrients necessary for the mineralization of bones?
digestive
What system activates Vitamin D, which is necessary for calcium absorption into bones?
urinary
what system recognizes painful stimuli in the bones and joints?
nervous
What system provides O2 and nutrients while removing wastes , such as lactic acid?
cardiovascular
what system influences the shape of the skeletal form?
reproductive
what system provides vitamin D necessary for absorbing calcium into bone?
integumentary
what does the urinary system do?
- maintain H2O & electrolyte (Na+, Chloride, K+) balance
- regulates acid-base balance of blood
- remove all nitrogen containing waste (nitrogen-containing wastes are by-products of the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acid)
