Organ, Organ Systems And Homeostasis Flashcards
Is the functional unit of an animal’s body that is made up of more than one type of tissue
Organ
The highest level of structural organization in animals
Organ system level
Association of organs that together performs an overall functions
Organ system
Primary functions of integumentary system
Protection, thermoregulation
Primary functions of nervous system
Regulation of other body systems
Primary functions of endocrine
Secretion of regulatory molecules called hormones
Movements of the skeleton
Muscular
Movement of blood and lymph
Circulatory
Defense of the body against invading pathogens
Immune
Regulation of blood volume and composition
Urinary
Location of cutaneous nerve receptors
Integumentary system
Provides muscle attachment for movement
Skeletal system
Types of skeleton
Hydrostatic, Exoskeleton, and Endoskeleton
Fluid-filled chamber that muscles act on, redistributing the fluid
Hydrostatic skeleton
Hard external parts that muscles attach to
Exoskeleton
Hard internal parts that muscles attach to
Endoskeleton
Produces heat
Muscular system
Is the uptake of oxygen and the simultaneous release of carbon dioxide
Respiration
Terrestrial vertebrates that are able to respire through moist skin
Amphibians
Terrestrial vertebrates that their lungs contain many more small chambers, greatly increasing the surface area
Reptiles
Small chamber in interior of lung
Alveoli
Short passageways connecting clusters of alveoli
Bronchioles
The thoracic cavity is bounded on the bottom by a thick layer of muscle
Diaphragm
Transports materials in the body via blood pumped by heart
Cardiovascular
Returns to blood vessels
Lymphatic system
4 actions of digestive system
Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Elimination
Take food into the digestive system
Ingestion
Breaks down food into smaller bits or molecules
Digestion
Moves nutrient molecules from the gut into the body’s internal environment
Absoprtion
Expels unabsorbed material from the digestive tract
Elimination
Organisms that digest their food intracellularly
Single-celled and sponges
One opening therefore ni specialization
Gastrovascular cavity
Organisms that have stomach with multiple chambers
Ruminants
A pouch that forms the first part of the large intestine
Cecum
Regulates water and electrolytes
Urinary system
Reproduction mode by which offspring arise from one parent and inherit that parent’s genes only.
Asexual reproduction
Methods of asexual reproduction
Fragmentation, budding, and parthenogenesis
Individuals develop from unfertilized eggs
Parthenogenesis
Offspring arise from male and female parents and inherit a combination of traits; each parent has fewer genes represented among the offspring
Sexual reproduction
Individual that produces both eggs and sperm
Hermaphrodite
Necessary Life Functions:
Maintaining Boundaries, Movements, Responsiveness, Digestion, Metabolism, Excretion, Reproduction, Growth and Development
Achieved through constant interaction between processes
Homeostasis
Basic components of HOMEOSTASIS:
Receptor (afferent pathway)
Control center (efferent pathway)
Effector (produces response)
