Cell Reproduction Cell Cycle Mitosis

Question 1

A series of events from the time a cell forms until its cytoplasm divides

Answer 1

Cell cycle

Question 2

Three phases of cell cycle

Answer 2

Interphase, mitosis, and cytoplasmic division

Question 3

This is the interval between mitotic divisions when a cell grows, roughly doubles the number if it’s cytoplasmic components, and replicates it’s DNA

Answer 3

Interphase

Question 4

1st interval (gap) of growth before DNA replication: the cell is metabolizing and growing in preparation for cell division

Answer 4

G1

Question 5

Interval synthesis (DNA replication or when DNA is being synthesized).

Answer 5

S

Question 6

2nd interval (gap) when the cell prepares to divide and produce a large amount of proteins needed for division.

Answer 6

G2

Question 7

Controls regulate the cell cycle at different points.

Answer 7

Gene expression

Question 8

Checkpoint genes whose products inhibit meiosis

Answer 8

Tumor suppressors

Question 9

Plays a key role in the G1 checkpoint of cell division

Answer 9

P53 gene

Question 10

The Gene’s product monitors the integrity of DNA

Answer 10

P53

Question 11

What will happen if the p53 is mutated

Answer 11

Cancerous cells repeatedly divide
No stopping at the G1 checkpoint

Question 12

Occurs when abnormally dividing cells disrupt body tissue, physically and metabolically

Answer 12

Malignant neoplasm (cancer)

Question 13

Can break free and invade other tissues (metastasize)

Answer 13

Malignant neoplasms

Question 14

A fertilized egg or zygote divides by

Answer 14

Mitosis

Question 15

Cell division follows two basic processes of dividing the nuclear contents:

Answer 15

Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 16

A conservative nuclear division that produces identical daughter nuclei

Answer 16

Mitosis

Question 17

Is a reductive nuclear division that produces four unique cells with half of the original genetic material and is the basis for sexual reproduction

Answer 17

Meiosis

Question 18

Chromosomes were first observed by the German Embryologist

Answer 18

Walther Flemming in 1882

Question 19

Chromosomes exist in somatic cells as pairs:

Answer 19

Homologous chromosomes or homologues

Question 20

About how many typical human chromosomes in the nucleotides in its DNA?

Answer 20

140 million

Question 21

Replicated chromosomes consist of _ held together at the _.

Answer 21

Two sister chromatid; centromere

Question 22

Four stages of mitosis:

Answer 22

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase

Question 23

Chromosomes condense and spindle forms; nuclear envelope breaks up; spindle microtubules attach to chromosomes

Answer 23

Prophase

Question 24

Dynamically assembles and disassembled array of microtubules that moves chromosomes during nuclear division

Answer 24

Spindle

Question 25

Duplicated homologous chromosomes line up the spindle equator (halfway between spindle poles); Siste chromatids begin to move apart toward opposite spindle poles

Answer 25

Metaphase

Question 26

Microtubules separate the sister chromatids or each chromosome and pull them toward opposite spindle poles; each DNA molecule is now separate chromosome

Answer 26

Anaphase

Question 27

Two clusters of chromosomes arrive at the spindle poles and de-condense; new nuclei form

Answer 27

Telophase

Question 28

The nuclear envelope reappears. The chromosomes de-condense. As telophase progresses, cytokinesis also occurs

Answer 28

Telophase