Body Tissues Part 1 Flashcards
Levels of Organization in Various Animals
Protoplasmic, cellular, tissue, organ and system level
Are groups of similar cells with a common structure and function
Tissues
4 types of tissues:
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
Single or multiple later of flattened, cube-shaped, or columnar cells
Epithelial
Cover interior and exterior surfaces of organs; protection; secretion; absorption
Epithelial
Cells scattered in prominent extracellular matrix
Connective
Support, adhesion, insulation, attachment, and transportation
Connective tissue
Elongated cells that contract when stimulated
Muscle tissue
Cells that transmit electrochemical impulses
Nervous tissue
Are classified on the basis of shape and number if layers present
Epithelial tissues
Separates epithelial tissue from underlying tissues
Basement membrane
Shape of the cells in epithelial cell layers
Squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Consists of a single layer of tightly packed, flattened cells with a disc-shaped nucleus
Simple squamous epithelium
Location of simple squamous epithelium
Air sacs of the lungs, kidney glomeruli, blood vessels
Function of Simple Squamous Epithelium
Allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration
Consists of a single layer of elongated cells
Simple columnar epithelium
Location of simple columnar epithelium
Lines the digestive tract, gallbladder, and in some glands
Function of Simple columnar epithelium
Absorption, enzyme secretion
A tuft of cilia tops each columnar cell, except for goblet cells
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Location of Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
Lining bronchi, uterine tubes, uterus
Function of Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
Propels mucous or reproductive cells by ciliary action
Consists of many layers of cells
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Location of Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Lines the esophagus, mouth, and vagina
Protects underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion
Stratified Squamous epithelium
Two types of connective tissues:
Loose connective and fibrous connective tissue
Loose connective tissue
Contains numerous fibroblasts (arrows); wraps and cushions organs
Widely distributed under the epithelia of the human body
Loose connective tissue
Consists largely of tightly packed collagenous fibers
Fibrous connective tissue
Location of fibrous connective tissue
Dermis of the skin and submucosa if various organs
Function of fibrous connective tissue
Provides structural strength
Consists of large cells that store lipid
Adipose tissue
Bone or osseous tissue
Bone matrix is deposited in concentric layers around osteonic canals
Consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
Blood
Location of blood
Within blood vessels
Three types of muscle tissue:
Skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle tissue
Composed of striated muscle fibers (cells)
Skeletal muscle tissue
Is formed if spindle-shaped cells
Smooth muscle tissue
Location of smooth muscle tissue
Mostly in the walls of hollow organs
Function of smooth muscle tissue
Moves substances or objects along internal passageways; involuntary conrol
Muscle consists of branched striated cells; intercalated discs are present
Cardiac muscle
Is composed of impulse conducting cells called neurons and their supporting cells
Nervous tissue