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Onco Board Review 2 > Oral tumors/OSCC > Flashcards

Oral tumors/OSCC Flashcards

1
Q

What is the increased risk for OSCC in cats wearing flea collars? What is another risk factor?

A

over 3.5x

Another risk factor = canned food/tuna

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2
Q

T/F: Gemcitabine is the preferred radiosensitizer in cats?

A

False - not recommended due to significant hematologic and local tissue toxicity

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3
Q

What is the MST for OMM without treatment?

A

65d (2.2 months)

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4
Q

What is the MST for lip melanoma after surgery? Tongue melanoma?

A

Lip - 580d (19 months)

Tongue - >551d (18 months)

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5
Q

Which sites of canine OSCC are associated with high metastatic potential?

A

tonsils

base of tongue

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6
Q

What is the prognosis for canine OSCC with dRT alone?

A

15-16 months

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7
Q

What is the RR of canine OSCC to piroxicam alone? (Schmidt 2001 - good paper to know)

A

17%

1/17 CR, 2/17 PR; PFS of responders 180d (6 months)

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8
Q

What % of dogs with OSCC treated with piroxicam and carboplatin had a CR?

A

57%

T3 tumors - only 7 dogs

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9
Q

T/F: Canine oral fibrosarcomas are highly responsive to RT?

A

False

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10
Q

What is the MST for mandibular OSA treated with surgery alone?

A

14-18 months

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11
Q

What is the 3 year PFS for acanthomatous ameloblastoma with RT alone? T1/2 vs. T3

A

T1/2: 86%

T3: 30%

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12
Q

What is the 1 year survival rate for canine tonsillar SCC?

A

10%

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13
Q

Which breeds are predisposed to lingual HSA and FSA?

A

Border Collie, Golden Retriever

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14
Q

What is the most common tumor of the canine tongue?

A

SCC

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15
Q

What is the MST for canine oral fibrosarcomas for RT alone vs. RT + Sx?

A

RT - 7 months (tumor size matters - T1 45 mo, T2 31 mo, T3 7 mo)
RT + Sx: MST 18-26 mo; recurrence 32%

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16
Q

What is the local recurrence rate for a grade III MLTOB (MLO)?

A

78%

grade I 30%, grade II 47%

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17
Q

What is the metastatic rate of a grade I MLTOB (MLO)?

A

30%

grade II 60%, grade III 78%

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18
Q

Where does an eosinophilic granuloma develop in a dog vs. cat?

A

Dog - tongue

Cat - lip

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19
Q

What is the MST for salivary gland carcinomas treated with sx +/- RT for dogs and cats?

A

Dogs - 550d (18 months)

Cats - 516d (17 months)

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20
Q

What was the recurrence rate for oral fibrosarcomas in a recent study? (Sarowitz 2017)

A

54.2%

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21
Q

What was the ORR and control time (PFS) for feline OSCC treated with PDT using liposomal phosphorylated meta-tetra (hydroxylphenyl) chlorine?

A

ORR 84% (61% CR)
PFS 35 months
Not great for invasive, advanced lesions

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22
Q

What is % metastasis for canine oral fibrosarcoma? (Martano 2018 - review article)

A

10-14%

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23
Q

What were the conclusions regarding efficacy and bioavailability of buccal buprenorphine? (Stathopoulou J Feline Med Surg 2018)

A
  • Pain scores improved
  • Lower bioavailability and shorter half-life in cats with stomatitis compared to previous studies
  • Concluded that it helped with pain and there was low inter-individual variability in plasma concentration, good option for oral pain
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24
Q

What was the MST for dogs with SCC that had incomplete excision and underwent hypofx RT in a recent study? Was post-operative RT useful for fibrosarcomas? (Riggs 2018)

A

SCC - 2051d (5.6 years)

Fibrosarcoma - post-op RT did not appear to have protective value (retrospective study, RT may have been worse cases)

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25
Q

What was the ORR to accelerated hypofx RT for feline OSCC? (Poirier VRU 2013)

A

71% (41% CR)
Tx with 10 daily fractions of 4.8 Gy
Acute toxicity was grade 2 mucositis - managed with feeding tubes and supportive care

26
Q

What % of cats with OSCC developed metastasis after accelerated hypofx RT? (Poirier VRU 2013)

A

19%

did not have evidence of local progression

27
Q

For feline OSCC, tumor expression of ___ was inversely proportional to survival. (Yoshikawa/Thamm 2012)

A

EGFR

In Sabattini 2010 74% of 19 tumors positive for EGFR, associated with decreased DFI and MST

28
Q

How did the GTV on PET CT (with 18F-FDG) compare to regular CT? (Yoshikawa/Larue VRU 2013)

A

Mean GTV on PET was significantly smaller than CT for mandible/maxilla but not in lingual/laryngeal group

29
Q

What was the rate of local (mand LN) and distant mets in feline OSCC? (Soltero-Rivera 2014)

A

mand LN - 31%

distant - 10%

30
Q

What two toxicities were seen with polyamine inhibitors for feline OSCC? (Lewis J Vet Den 2013)

A

ototoxicity (5/6) and subclinical thrombocytopenia (6/14)

31
Q

T/F: STAT3 expression is present in feline OSCC and may be a therapeutic target.

A

True (Brown 2015)

32
Q

What was the overall biologic response of feline OSCC to Palladia? Most common side effect? (Wiles 2017)

A

56.5%
Mild GI most common side effect
many had NSAIDs concurrently

33
Q

How did survival time differ in Palladia treated cats with OSCC vs. those without Palladia? (Wiles 2017)

A

Palladia - MST 123d

No Palladia - MST 45d

34
Q

What was % AE experienced in cats with Palladia in conjunction with other therapies for OSCC? (Olmsted 2017)

A

17% toxicity - most grade 1-2 GI, one grade 4 metabolic (liver enzyme elevation)

35
Q

CD1, FRA1, and c-myc were increased in feline OSCC - these are targets of what pathway? (Giullano 2016)

A

Wnt

36
Q

What protein was upregulated in feline OSCC in JZ’s study? (Walz 2017)

A

FASN

37
Q

What are negative prognostic factors for canine tonsillar SCC? (Grant 2016)

A

bilateral tonsil involvement, local mets, distant mets

prolonged survival for dogs with one tonsil and no mets - 637d

38
Q

Mutations of ___ may be involved in the development and progression of smoke-related OSCC in cats.

A

p53

39
Q

What is the metastatic rate of oral SCC vs. tonsillar in dogs?

A

oral - RLN 10%, lungs 3-36%

tonsillar - 73%

40
Q

What is MST for cats with OSCC treated with mandibulectomy +/- RT?

A

11-14 months

mandibulectomy + RT - 14 months in one study
mandibulectomy alone - 11.3 months in another

41
Q

What was the MST when carbo was added to the accelerated RT protocol for feline OSCC? (Withrow p.390)

A

163d (5.4 months)

14 cats

42
Q

What CR was observed with combination RT and gemcitabine for feline OSCC? (Withrow p. 390)

A

73%

MST 184d

43
Q

What is the MST for canine OSCC with mandibulectomy? maxillectomy? (Withrow)

A

mand - 19-26 months (91% 1 yr survival)

max - 10-19 months (57% 1 yr survival)

44
Q

What is the local recurrence rate for canine OSCC after mandibulectomy? After maxillectomy? (Withrow)

A

mand - 10%

max - 29%

45
Q

What is the metastatic rate of canine oral fibrosarcoma?

A

RLN 19-22%

lungs 27%

46
Q

What is the local recurrence of fibrosarcoma following mandibulectomy and maxillectomy in dogs?

A

mand - 59% (MST 11 months)

max - 40% (MST 12 months)

47
Q

What breeds were overrepresented with acanthomatous ameloblastoma? (Goldschmidt 2017)

A

Golden retrievers

Also maybe Cocker Spaniels

48
Q

What location did CAA occur in most frequently? (Goldschmidt 2017)

A

rostral mandible - represented 51.1% of cases

49
Q

What was the % recurrence in Goldschmidt’s paper with narrow and incomplete margins for CAA?

A

No recurrence (only evaluated with PE, 2 patients had repeat imaging – it was a retrospective study)

34.8% of patients had complete margins (>5mm), 43.5% had narrow margins (1-5mm), and 21.7% had incomplete (<1 mm) margins

50
Q

Which TKI targets were expressed in canine oral fibrosarcoma? (Milovancev 2016)

A

PDGFR-a and B

51
Q

Doxorubicin had synergistic effects with what two TKIs against canine oral fibrosarcoma cell lines? (Milovancev 2016)

A

masitinib and Imatinib

52
Q

Does papilloma virus play a role in canine OSCC development? (Munday 2015)

A

No - PV DNA not detected in the tumors

53
Q

Does palliative RT extend life for feline OSCC? Does it improve QOL? (Sabhlock 2015)

A

Doesn’t extend life but did improve QOL in 65%

54
Q

How does sublingual thyroid carcinoma compare with other locations? (Broome 2014)

A

Better px - many dogs had prolonged survival even without treatment

55
Q

What % of dogs with oral mucosal MCT had local mets at dx? (Elliot 2016)

A

55%

56
Q

T/F: Zoledronate and meloxicam are synergistic in a mouse model of bone invasive OSCC.

A

False - they were tolerated but not synergistic

57
Q

T/F: Tumor location, clinical stage, and histologic subtype were NOT associated with survival time for canine nontonsillar OSCC.

A

True

58
Q

What % of dogs with high-low FSA were GR? (Ciekot 1994)

A

52%

59
Q

What % of dogs with oral fibrosarcomas developed local recurrence and metastasis with surgery +/- RT? (Frazier 2012)

A

Recurrence - 24%, metastasis - 24%

MST 743d

60
Q

What is the relative risk for developing feline OSCC for cats that eat canned food? (Bertone 2003)

A

RR = 3.6

not that this study also says 5x the risk of OSCC for flea collars and Withrow just says >3.5

61
Q

What was the response rate of feline OSCC to SBRT? What two factors were associated with shorter survival? (Yoshikawa 2016)

A

38.5%

Shorter survival: keratinization and increased MVD

Onco Board Review 2 (20 decks)

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