Oral Surgery - Instruments Flashcards

1
Q

What are indications for extraction? (8)

A

Gross caries/unrestorable

advanced perio

tooth and root fracture

severe surface loss

pulpal necrosis

apical infection

impacted wisdom teeth

for orthodontics

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2
Q

What are elevators used for?

A

used before forceps to loosen and widen the PDL

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3
Q

Name types of elevators

A

Couplands - no.2 & 3 (separate)

Cryers - left & right (come together)

Warwick James - left, right & straight (come together)

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4
Q

When are cryers elevators commonly used? (2)

A

Between the root furcations of molars

removing roots

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5
Q

When are Warwick James elevators used?

A

to loosen and widen PDL of wisdom teeth

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6
Q

What jaw are straight Warwick James elevators used in?

A

lower jaw

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7
Q

What jaw are right Warwick James elevators used in?

A

upper jaw

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8
Q

What jaw are left Warwick James elevators used in?

A

upper jaw

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9
Q

List the types of forceps used in the upper jaw. (7)

A

straight upper anterior

upper universal

upper molar - right
upper molar - left

upper root

upper bayonet 3rd molar
upper bayonet 3rd molar root

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10
Q

List the types of forceps used in the lower jaw. (4)

A

lower universal

lower molar

lower root

cowherd forceps

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11
Q

How do you differentiate between the upper straight and the upper universal forceps?

A

They both have the same tip;

the upper straight handle touches the table when placed flat

the upper universal handle is curved when placed flat

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12
Q

What teeth are extracted with the upper universal forceps?

A

The upper canines and premolars

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13
Q

Describe the tip of the upper molar forceps.

A

One side has a beak which engages between the 2 buccal roots

one side has a concave surface to grasp the palatal root

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14
Q

Describe the tip of the upper molar forceps.

A

“beak to cheek”

One side has a beak which engages between the 2 buccal roots

one side has a concave surface to grasp the palate; root

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15
Q

What is unique to all lower forceps?

A

the tip is @ a 90 degree angle to the handle

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16
Q

What teeth are extracted with the lower universal forceps?

A

35 to 45

17
Q

describe the tip of the lower molar forceps.

A

has two pointed beaks to engage the furcation between the mesial and the distal root

can be used on the right and left side

18
Q

What is unique about the way the cowhorn forceps work?

A

You engage the 2 beaks into the furcation and squeeze to elevate the tooth
- activated by the squeeze not the wrist movement

19
Q

What is the limitation of the cowhorn

A

If the forceps aren’t seated properly they can crush the crown

20
Q

Why are the tips of the upper bayonet 3rd molar forceps not pointed?

A

3rd molars have unpredictable root pattern

21
Q

What technique do you use to tell the left and right Cryer/Warwick James elevators apart?

A

Hold both the left and right elevators in your hand

have the tips of the elevators pointing in @ each other

if the concave surfaces of the tips are facing up = correct orientation

22
Q

Name what technique(S) is used with a COUPLANDS elevator and describe it. (10)

A

LEVER

Place thumb and finger on either side of the alveolar bone to support

Use instrument on buccal side of tooth

place coupland as far down the root on the buccal aspect as possible - not interdentally- on the mesial or distal surface with the concave surface facing the tooth you want to elevate

turn the instrument up the way ensuring that the sharp corner at the bottom engages either the medial or distal surface of the tooth and raises it

WEDGE
Place thumb and index finger on either side of the alveolar bone to support it

use instrument buccally

start from mesial aspect to distal

‘wedge’ the tip of the elevator down the PDL and move from side to side

23
Q

Name what technique is used with a WARWICK JAMES elevator and describe it. (5)

A

WEDGE

Place thumb and index finger on either side of the alveolar bone to support it

use instrument buccally

start from mesial aspect to distal

‘wedge’ the tip of the elevator down the PDL and move from side to side

24
Q

Describe the role of a luxator

A

To sever and tear the PDL

25
Q

Describe how to differentiate a luxator from a Couplands

A

Luxator = rounded edge (spoon shape)

Couplands = Sharp pointed edge