Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ENT > Oral, Pharyngeal, & Laryngeal Disorders > Flashcards

Oral, Pharyngeal, & Laryngeal Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

diminished taste to 1 or more tastants

A

hypogeusia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

absent taste fxn

A

ageusea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

persistent sweet, sour, salty, bitter or metallic taste

A

dysgeusia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

unpleasant taste of food or drink that is usually pleasant

A

allegeusia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

unpleasant taste produced indigenously due to gustatory hallucination

A

phantogeusia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

meds used to treat dysgeusia

A

clonazepam (Klonopin) or TCAs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

define tonsilloliths

A

bacteria in the crypts of the tonsils and are foul smelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

fancy word for mouth pain

A

Odynophagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

fancy word for inflammatory conditions of the mouth

A

Stomatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Painful mucocutaneous ulceration is one of the most distinctive manifestations of what disease?

A

HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Symptomatic tx for stomatitis

A

Triamcinolone acetonide in Orabase gel, oragel, anbesol, magic mouthwash, acyclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tx for more severe stomatitis

A

Chemical cautery w/ silver nitrate or sulfuric acid. intralesional or oral cortisone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is laryngitis associated with?

A

URI (usually viral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define polypoid corditis (Reinke’s edema)

A

Isolated edema of the mucosal edge of the vocal fold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Most common etiology of polypoid coriditis

A

smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tx of vocal nodules/polyps

A

excision.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Difference between vocal polyps and nodules

A

polyps are unilateral, sessile/pedunculated lesions whereas nodules are bilateral, thickened areas on the vocal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Most common type of laryngeal cancer

A

squamous cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

5 year cure rate for small, early stage laryngeal cancer lesions

A

90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What cranial nerves are responsible for the pharyngeal phase?

A

CN V, X, XI, XII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why is group A beta-hemolytic strep concerning cause of pharyngitis?

A

can lead to rheumatic heart disease and glomerulonephritis

22
Q

what condition is characterized by sx immediately after swallowing, point to cervical region where food sticks, weight loss, aspiration

A

oropharyngeal dysphagia

23
Q

What is one the major causes of antibiotic abuse?

A

Over treatment of acute pharyngitis

24
Q

What percent of pharyngitis has a viral etiology?

A

90% in adults and 60-75% in children

25
Q

Age popn with highest incidence of GABHS

A

6-15 years of age (25-40% of pharyngitis cases)

26
Q

Seasonal features of GABHS

A

late winter and spring (Jan-Apr), uncommon in summer

27
Q

What is absent in GABHS?

A

other URI symptoms (rhinorrhea, conjunctivitis, diarrhea or cough)

28
Q

Classic physical signs of GABHS

A

Exudative pharyngeal erythema. Palatal petechiae. Tender anterior cervical adenopathy. Fever (>101F or 38.3C)

29
Q

Tx of choice for GABHS

A

Oral penicillin TID for 10 days. If allergic azithromycin

30
Q

What is the latest therapy for GABHS can be initiated?

A

9 days after onset of symptoms

31
Q

When are patients with GABHS considered non-contagious?

A

24 hours after starting antibiotic

32
Q

Common organism responsible for bacterial tonsillitis

A

Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus

33
Q

what illness is characterized by Fever, sore throat, foul breath, dysphagia, odynophagia, and tender cervical lymph nodes?

A

tonsillitis

34
Q

how many episodes of tonsillitis do you need before it’s considered recurrent?

A

7 episodes in 1 year, 5 infections in 2 consecutive years, or 3 infections each year for 3 years consecutively

35
Q

On physical exam noted Unilateral bulging above and lateral to one of the tonsils causing displacement of uvula and tender cervical adenopathy describes what illness?

A

Peritonsillar abscess

36
Q

Tx of peritonsillar abscess

A

I & D by ENT, then start on antibiotics—sometimes IV. Occasionally need immediate tonsillectomy

37
Q

Common cause of Vincen’ts angina (trench mouth)

A

mixed bacterial-spirochetal infection

38
Q

Illness characterized by Severe throat pain, often radiating to the ears, halitosis, bad taste?

A

Vincent’s Angina (Trench mouth)

39
Q

Why is Ludwig’s angina considered an emergency?

A

Can cause airway compromise because of the swelling in the floor of the mouth and neck. 10% mortality

40
Q

Organisms responsible for epiglottitis

A

H. flu***, strep pneumo, staph, GAS

41
Q

Illness characterized by hot potato voice/drooling, fever, sore throat, and pt is anxious w/ muffled speech and posturing

A

epiglottitis

42
Q

Pathognomic CXR for epiglottitis

A

thumbprint sign

43
Q

First step in tx of epiglottitis

A

secure airway- usually need to trach

44
Q

Abx for epiglottitis

A

third-generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxoneorcefotaxime) AND an antistaphylococcal agent active against MRSA (clindamycin,vancomycin)

45
Q

Three things you should not do to a patient with epiglottitis

A

DO NOT move patient, put in supine position, send to x-ray

46
Q

Virus that causes croup (Laryngotracheitis)

A

Parainfluenza 1

47
Q

Most common age grp for croup

A

children 6-36 mo

48
Q

Tx of croup

A

humidified air, IV fluids, steroids, nebulized epi

49
Q

Most common complications of diptheria

A

myocarditis and neuritis

50
Q

Pathgnomic finding of diptheria

A

gray pseudomembrane that adheres tightly to the underlying tissue and bleeds with scraping.

51
Q

Tx of diptheria

A

erythromycin or pcn G. if severe, diptheria antitoxin

52
Q

Other monitoring needed for diptheria

A

serial EKGs and cardiac enzymes. neurologic status monitored

ENT (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions