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Oral Pathology Test 3 > Oral Pathology Essentials > Flashcards

Oral Pathology Essentials Flashcards

1
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

White coated tongue

White coating that can be scraped off

Accumulation of bacteria and epithelial cells

Tx: Scrape the tongue

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2
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Pseudomembranous candidiasis (thrush)

Cottage cheese like plaque

Antibiotics or steroids disrupt the oral bacteria

Tx: Antifungal (Nystatin)

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3
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Morsicatio Buccarum

Thickened shredded mucosa

Caused by chronic cheek chewing

Tx: no treatment necessary

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4
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Linea Alba

White line on cheek at occlusal plane level

Pressure or sucking trauma

Tx: no treatment necessary

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5
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Leukoedema

bilateral gray-white lesion on Africans that doesn’t rub off and disappears when stretched

Caused by normal edematous swelling

Tx: no treatment necessary

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6
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Leukoplakia

Intraoral white plaque that doesn’t rub off and cannot be identified as any other entity

Caused by Tobacco, alcohol, Sanguinaria, UV, Microorganisms

Tx: Biopsy and follow up to see if it’s cancer (usually precancer)

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7
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Smokeless tobacco pouch keratosis

Fissured rippled vestibule

Tobacco in that same area all the time

Tx: Quit tobacco should disappear in 2 weeks

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8
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Lichen Planus

Desquamative gingivitis with Wickhams striae lines

Erosive or Reticular types destroy the basal layer

Tx: Bilateral: no treatment

Asymmetrical: Topical corticosteroids (be careful if they’re diabetic)

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9
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Erythema Migrans/Geographic tongue

Inflammatory lines on the tongue

Etiology: allergies

Tx: none

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10
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Erythroleukoplakia

Red lesion that can’t be rubbed off or identified as anything else

Caused by Tobacco, Alcohol, Sanguinaria, UV, Microorganisms

Tx: Biopsy and Monitor frequently bc it’s premalignant

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11
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

denture stomatitis

Bright red lesion beneath denture

Caused by candidiasis from not removing denture

tx: antifungal for denture and mouth

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12
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

angular cheilitis

Accentuated folds at the corners of the mouth

Caused by C. Albicans or S. Aureus

Tx: Antifungal

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13
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Varicosities

Superficial dilated veins detected by blanching

Tx: no treatment necessary

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14
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Amalgam Tattoo

Black/Grey lesion found in mouth

Caused by Amalgam getting into the gingiva

Tx: none needed

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15
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Mucocele

Clear papule on the lower lip (most common location)

Caused by spillage of mucin bc of traumatic rupture of salivary gland duct

Tx: Surgical excision

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16
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Squamous Papilloma

Pedunculated cauliflower stalk, usually white, exophytic

Caused by HPV 6,11

Tx: excision

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17
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Inflammatory Papillary Hyperplasia

Pebbly or papillary surface on the hard palate

Caused by ill-fitting denture/24 hours day wearing it

Tx: removing denture

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18
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Fibroma

Smooth surface nodule, most common tumor of oral cavity

Caused by reactive hyperplasia of fibrous CT

Tx: Surgical excision and biopsy

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19
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Parulis

Sinus tract exit on the mucosa (gum boil)

Periapical abscess that drains out path of least resistance

Tx: drainage and eliminate the infection

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20
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Epulis Fissuratum (Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia)

folds of hyperplastic tissue by the vestibule

Caused by trauma from ill-fitting denture

Tx: surgical excision and remake dentures

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21
Q

Differential for bump on the gums?

A

Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia

Pyogenic Granuloma

Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma

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22
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Pyogenic granuloma

Red bump on the gums of pregnant women

Local irritation of capillaries

Tx: Excision unless pregnant

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23
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma

Pink bump near incisor canine

Caused by bone in the fibrous CT near papilla

Tx: Excision

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24
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma

Blue or purple bump on the gums with “cupping resorption”

Caused by irritation or trauma

Tx: Excision

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25
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Sialolith

Calcification in the submandibular area

Caused by calcification in the Submandibular gland, long duct

Tx: Massage, increased fluid intake, surgery

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26
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Drug related Gingival hyperplasia

Tons of hyperplasia

Caused by medications like Phenytoin (Nifedipine, Cyclosporin)

Tx: change meds and better oral hygiene

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27
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Dentigerous Cyst

Most common developmental cyst around unerupted 3rd molars, around the CEJ

Caused by separation of the follicle from the tooth and fluid fills it.

Tx: Enucleation of cyst with the unerupted tooth

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28
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Periapical granuloma

Asymptomatic, non responsive tooth with chronic inflamed granulation tissue at the apex

Caused by pulpal irritants

Tx: RCT or extraction

29
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Periapical Cyst

Identical Xray as Periapical granuloma, non-vital tooth

Caused by inflammation and Rests of Malassez

Tx: RCT or extraction

30
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

eruption cyst

Soft tissue Blue cyst around unerupted tooth

Caused by trauma and separation of follicle from tooth

Tx: either it ruptures on it’s own or excision

31
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Racial pigmentation

Pigmentation on Gingiva

Extra melanin in darker skinned patients

Tx: no treatment

32
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Black hairy Tongue

Black hairy keratin on the tongue

No known cause but common with smokers

Tx: tongue scraping

33
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Labial Melanotic Macule

Brown macule that is the Oral counterpart to the ephelis (freckle)

Caused by focal increase in melanin production

Tx: No treatment unless it changes and requires biopsy

34
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Smokers Melanosis

Pigmentation on the gingiva

Caused by Melanin production stimulated by nicotine

Tx: Stop smoking, biopsy if changes

35
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Abscess

RL at apex of tooth

Caused by accumulation of acute inflammatory neutrophils at apex

Tx: RCT

36
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

fordyce granules

Yellow/white papular lesions on lips/buccal mucosa

They are ectopic sebaceous glands in 80% of population

Tx: none

37
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Lymphoid Hyperplasia (Lingual Tonsil)

Yellow/Pink intraoral lesion that’s an enlargement of lymphoid tissue.

Caused by accessory lymphoid aggregates that get bigger

Tx: biopsy to diagnose and no treatment required

38
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Lymphoepithelial cyst

White/Yellow asymptomatic lesion that develops in Waldeyers ring (posterior mouth)

Cause: unknown

Tx: Biopsy

39
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Lipoma

Most common mesenchymal neoplasm that is Yellow/Pink smooth nodule.

Caused by Fat Neoplasm

Tx: Excision

40
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Traumatic Ulcer

Surface ulcer, red surrounding yellow membrane in ulcer

Caused by trauma

Tx: None

41
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Aphthous Stomatitis

AKA Recurrent Aphthous Ulcer

Minor is most common, most common in younger people. white lesions on movable mucosa

Cause is unknown

Tx: Magic mouthwash

42
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Recurrent Herpes

Indurated lesions on the lip and keratinized intraoral mucosa

Caused by HSV 1. Prodrome happens in the hours before.

Tx: Acyclovir or wait it out

43
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

Entire mouth has lesions in children

Caused by HSV 1 and is the leading infectious cause of blindness.

Tx: Acyclovir

44
Q

Name?

What is it?

Differential 4?

A

Desquamative Gingivitis: clinical diagnosis of gingival epithelium that sloughs off easily

Lichen planus

Mucous membrane Pemphigoid

Pemphigus Vulgaris

Hypersensitivity

45
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Mucous Membrane pemphigoid

Blistering mucocutaneous autoimmune blood blister.

Caused by antibodies against the basement membrane

Tx: refer to ophthamologist (blindness is possible)

Topical corticosteroids

46
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris

Mucosa that sloughs off creating lesions

Caused by antibodies against desmosomes

Tx: corticosteroids

47
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Hypersensitivity

Plasma cell gingivitis (red gums)

Caused by cinnamonaldehyde

Tx: discontinue use of whatever is causing it

48
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Antral Pseudocyst

Asymptomatic dome-shaped bump on floor of maxillary sinus

Caused by Accumulation of Serum Exudate

Tx: none

49
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Condensing Osteitis

RO by tooth apex, no border around it

Caused by inflammation

Tx: none

50
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

Complex vs Compound?

A

Odontoma

Complex: One big one

Compound: lots of small ones

Most common odontogenic tumor that looks like a tooth

Caused by developmental anomaly

Tx: excision

51
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Tonsillolith

RO in the area of ascending ramus on Xray

Caused by desquamated keratin and other stuff aggregating

Tx: Bathroom surgery, excision or Tonsillectomy

52
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

Most common for what?

A

Nasopalatine Duct Cyst

Most comon non-odontogenic cyst

RL between central incisors

Caused by cyst in the passageway between primary and secondary palates

Tx: Biopsy is mandatory and enucleation

53
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Lateral Periodontal cyst

Mandibular Premolars and forward odontogenic cyst along the lateral root surface.

Caused by rests of the dental lamina

Tx: enucleation

54
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Residual Cyst

Cyst arising at site of previous extraction

Caused by inflammation that stimulates rests of malassez

Tx: Excision

55
Q

Multilocular radiolucency differential 3

Describe first 2.

A

Odontogenic Keratocyst or Central Giant Cell Granuloma or Ameloblastoma

OKC: Multilocular, from dental lamina, 30% recurrence, Gorlin syndrome possible. Palisading and hyperchromatic basal cell layer.

CGCG: non-neoplastic, more common in the anterior jaw, crosses midline, curretage

56
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

AKA?

A

Stafne Defect

aka lingual mandibular salivary gland depression

Concavity of the cortical bone on lingual surface of the mandible.

Caused by a portion of the submandibular salivary gland

Tx: None

57
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Focal Cemento osseous dysplasia

Thin rim around RL on apex of tooth. Caucasian 40 year old Females.

Cause: Not known

Tx: Not known

58
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Periapical cemento osseous dysplasia

Anterior mandible RL on apex.

Mostly African Females

59
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Florid Cemento Osseous Dysplasia

Bilateral RL on roots of mandible teeth

Mostly African Females

60
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

Most common for what?

A

Ameloblastoma

ML Radiolucency in ascending ramus (desmoplastic is in anterior maxilla) with cortical expansion.

Cause: not known

Tx: 1.5 cm resection around borders

61
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

idiopathic osteosclerosis

area of increased RO unknown cause

Tx: none

62
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Traumatic Bone Cyst

Empty fluid filled cavity with scalloped roots. No epithelial lining.

Caused by trauma, teenagers most common

Tx: curretage

63
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

exostoses (torus)

Bony Protuberance from cortical plate

Tx: none

64
Q

Mixed RL/RO differential 4?

A

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor

Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst

Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor

AFO

65
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor

Driven snow RO/RL aka Pindborg tumor with Liesegang rings

Tx: resection with curretage

66
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Calcifying odontogenic cyst

RO/RL cyst aka Gorlin Cyst

Tx: Enucleation

67
Q

Name/Clinical description/Etiology/Treatment

A

Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor

Snowflake calcifications in teenagers (max more than mand female more than male)

Oral Pathology Test 3 (12 decks)

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