ch 12 Flashcards
What is inflammatory papillary hyperplasia? Who get it? Where does it occur
Reactive tissue growth under a denture
People that wear dentures 24/7, ill fitting dentures
Hard palate
DON’T NEED TO KNOW!!!What is fibrous histiocytoma? another name
a fibroma on the skin (dermatofibroma)
DON’T NEED TO KNOW!!!Where’s the most common location for oral focal mucinosis?
gingiva
What is a pyogenic granuloma? (granuloma gravidarum) Where is it? What does it look like? What type of person gets it? How quick does it occur?
Not a real granuloma, but a reactive lesion to irritation or trauma (blood vessels that proliferate) Gingiva (or elsewhere) Red big bump on the gums Pregnant Occurs very quickly
Four most common things to diagnose as a bump on the gums?
IFH (inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia)
Pyogenic granuloma
Peripheral Giant cell granuloma
Peripheral ossifying fibroma
What’s a peripheral giant cell granuloma? Where is it? What happens to the bone underneath it? Histology?
Blue/purple reactive lesion
Only on the gingiva
“cupping resorption”
Giant cells
What two things only occur as bumps on gingiva area only?
Peripheral ossifying fibroma
Peripheral giant cell granuloma
What does a peripheral ossifying fibroma look like? HIstology
Bump on the gingiva, normal tissue colored
Bone in the fibrous CT
What is a lipoma? what’s it most common for? What does it float in? What color usually?
Benign tumor of fat
Most common mesenchymal neoplasm
Formalin
Yellow
What’s a neuroma? Where is it most common? Is it painful?
Proliferation of neural tissue after nerve injury
Mental foramen area
1/3 painful
What drug causes drug induced hyperplasia the most?
Phenytoin
What could inflammatory papillary hyperplasia also look like? (which one is more red)
Denture stomatitis (inflammatory papillary hyperplasia)
Where does a peripheral ossifying fibroma most often occur?
Incisor-cuspid region (50% of the time)
What does PEN stand for?
Pallisaded encapsulated Neuroma
What’s a schwannoma? What to know histologically? Most common location?
Slow growing tumor by nerve trunk.
Antoni A: Verocay bodies (organized part) Antoni B: disorganized everything else.
In the mouth
What does Neurofibroma cause? Another name? What does it feel like? What is the plexiform variant?
Neurofibromatosis type 1:
Von recklinghausen’s disease of the skin
Feels like a bag of worms
The variant that is pathognomonic (you for sure have it)
What are the diagnostic criteria for Neurofibromatosis type 1?
- Six or more cafe au lait macules (coast of california)
- two or more NF or one plexiform NF
- fleckling in the axillary region (crowes sign)
- two or more iris hamartomas (Lisch nodules)
What is a cafe au laite macule?
coffee and milk (light brown macules) in NF1
What are lisch nodules?
iris freckling in the eye of NF1
What are crowes sign?
Freckling in the axillary region of NF1
What is MEN 2B?
Multiple endocrine neoplasia Type 2b
What are three things that develop from MEN 2b (3 things)
- Adrenal gland tumor (PHeochromocytoma)
- Thyroid tumors (medullary carcinoma)
- Mucosal neuromas with most likely in the mouth
What’s typically the first sign of MEN 2b?
Multiple Oral mucosal neuromas (usually only one neuroma)
What do bilateral neuromas of the commissural mucosa possibly indicate?
MEN 2b
What’s another look that patients tend to have that comes with MEN 2B? What’s another thing?
Long gangly person, with long face, puffy lips.
Multiple neuromas
What do high urinary levels of vanillylmandelic acid indicate?
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy
What is Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy?
When does it occur?
Location?
How to diagnose?
Rare pigmented benign tumor
Infancy
Anterior Maxilla
High levels of Vanillylmandelic acid in urine
DON’T NEED TO KNOW!!!What is granular cell tumor? located? color? What is histology significance? What stain is used to identify?
Benign soft tissue neoplasm Dorsum of Tongue Yellow Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia S-100
DON’T NEED TO KNOW!!!What is congenital epulis?
Location?
What tumor is it similar too? (what’s different about them both?)
benign soft tissue neoplasm in infants
Alveolar ridge
Granular cell tumor (location, PEH, S-100)
What’s the most common tumor of infancy?
Hemangioma
What’s a hemangioma?
tumor of vascular cell origin
What is sturge weber angiomatosis?
Developmental Inherited or not?
Which nerve is it distributed along?
Patient take phenytoin commonly which causes what?
Developmental condition with capillary malformation that causes “Port wine stain” or “Nevus Flammeus”.
Non inherited.
Trigeminal nerve
Gingival hyperplasia
What are three conditions that Sturge weber angiomatosis patients can have?
Convulsive disorders
Mental retardation
unilateral paralysis
What is lymphangioma?
Location most frequent?
What’s it’s clinical appearance?
benign tumor of lymph vessels.
anterior 2/3 of tongue
Frog eggs or tapioca pudding
What’s the lymphangioma called that occurs in the neck?
Cystic Hygroma
What age is lymphangioma most likely to be noticed?
0-2 years
What can lymphangioma do to the tongue?
macroglossia
What does -oma mean?
benign tumor
What is a leiomyoma?
Location most often?
Can it occur in the mouth?
Benign tumor of smooth muscle
Outside the mouth, but can occur inside the mouth
What’s a rhabdomyoma?
Benign skeletal muscle tumor.
What is a sarcoma?
mesenchymal origin tumor
What is a carcinoma?
epithelial origin tumor
What’s the prevalence of oral sarcomas?
less than 1% of cancers.
What are the 6 types of soft tissue sarcomas? And what are they?
Fibrosarcomas (fibroblasts) Liposarcoma (fat) Angiosarcoma (blood vessels) Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (nerves) Rhabdomyosarcoma (skeletal muscle) Leiomyosarcoma (smooth muscle)
What are the 4 clinical presentations of Kaposi’s sarcoma?
- Classical
- Endemic (african)
- iatrogenic
- Aid’s related
Classic type of Kaposi’s sarcoma What people get it?
Italian
Slavic
Jewish
What is rhabdomyosarcoma?
What age usually gets it?
malignancy of skeletal muscles.
children.
Iatrogenic type of Kaposi’s sarcoma what people get it?
Organ transplant patients. (renal transplant)
How do cancers spread to the oral cavity?
Lymphatics
What is batson’s plexus? and why is it relevant to head and neck cancer?
Valveless vertebral vein.
Cancer can spread retrograde
In head and neck cancers what percent goes to the soft tissue and what percent goes to the bone?
2/3 soft tissue (50% gingiva, 25% tongue)
1/3 bone
What’s a fibroma?
Appearance?
How common of a tumor is it?
> Reactive “hyperplasia” of fibrous connective tissue bc of trauma.
Looks like dome shaped bump on oral mucosa.
It’s the most common.
What’s a retro cuspid papilla?
Histology?
Biopsy needed?
> bilateral bump near child canine.
looks like giant cell fibroma histology.
No biopsy needed unless unilateral.
What’s an inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia? What shape is it?
it’s like a fibroma but with inflammation still.
Not a regular shape
What’s it called when you get inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia from ill fitting denture?
epulis fissuratum
Giant cell fibroma?
Age it occurs.
Treatment.
Fibrous tumor.
Younger than other fibromas.
Excision.
