ch 14 Flashcards
What are 4 characteristics of benign bone neoplasms?
Asymptomatic:
Slow growing, cortex still there:
Symmetrical:
No metastisis:
What are characteristics of malignant bone neoplasms?
Destroys cortex, poorly defined margins, lays down bone outside the cortex.
Everything opposite of Benign neoplasms.
DON’T NEED TO KNOW!!!Osteogenesis imperfecta?
Is it inherited?
Defect in Type 1 collagen maturation
Most common inherited disease
DON’T NEED TO KNOW!!!What are symptoms of osteo imperfecta?
Bone fragile
Blue sclera
altered teeth (that look like dentinogenesis imperfecta)
DON’T NEED TO KNOW!!!What do osteo imperfecta teeth look like?
Blue to brown translucence, pulpal obliteration
Osteopetrosis? What causes it?
Increased bone density.
failure of normal osteoclasts
What does Osteopetrosis look like radiographically?
Radioopaque, can’t see through it.
Cleidocranial dysplasia?
syndrome with dental and clavicle abnormal
What happens with clavicle on cleidocranial dysplasia?
What happens with teeth?
small or no clavicle
retained primary teeth, impacted permanent teeth (lots of teeth)
Focal osteoporotic marrow defect?
What gender?
Biopsy needed and why?
Treatment required?
benign hematopoetic marrow defect radiolucency with trabeculations.
women.
Yes, only to differentiate between ameloblastoma.
No treatment required.
Idiopathic osteosclerosis?
Does it have a rim?
Which part of the mouth is it common?
Focal area of increased radioopacity, unknown cause, cannot be attributed to anything else.
No rim surrounding it.
Mandible.
What’s the difference between condensing osteitis and idiopathic osteosclerosis?
Condensing osteitis: associated with infection (carious, large filling)
Idiopathic osteosclerosis: virgin tooth no known causes.
Pagets disease of bone?
Does it affect more than one bone?
Does it cause pain?
disease with abnormal resorption and deposition of bone.
Yes more than one bone.
Yes it causes pain.
What are clinical manifestations of pagets?
Hat not fitting,
recent spaces between bone
Dentures don’t fit
When will hypercementosis associate with pagets disease?
when multiple teeth are involved
What does pagets disease of bone look like radiographically?
“cotton wool” appearance of the bone (looks wispy)
What will a pagets disease patient have high levels of?
What levels will be normal?
Serum alkaline phosphatase..,
calcium and phosphorus
What is something that pagets disease patients are likely to get?
Osteosarcoma
Are central giant cell granulomas neoplasms?
No
What is a central giant cell granuloma?
How is it discovered if it’s asympotomatic?
Nonneoplastic Anterior jaw midline lesion.
discovered by Xray
What does a central giant cell granuloma look like xray?
What about histology is it similar to?
well delineated big hole in the jaw in the midline
noncorticated margins.
Histo: hyperparathyroidism/cherubism
What is the treatment for central giant cell granuloma?
curettage if small.
corticosteroids if more aggressive
What is cherubism?
What does it look like?
When does it occur?
When does it go away?
developmental bilateral jaw lesion.
bilateral chubby cheeks, eyes upturned.
ages 2-5
by puberty it regresses.
What is a traumatic bone cyst? What causes it? What ages? Where does it occur? What does it look like when involving several teeth?
benign, empty/fluid filled cavity within bone.
Trauma/hemorrage to bone, not enough healing.
ages 10-20.
In the mandible..
xray SCALLOPING between the roots.
What is a misnomer about traumatic bone cyst?
the lesion isn’t a real “cyst” because it doesn’t have an epithelial lining
What is an Aneurysmal bone cyst?
Is it a true cyst?
What does it look like?
Is it rapid swelling?
Intraosseous blood filled spaces with CT.
Not a true cyst, no epi lining.
Blowout or ballooning of bone, blood soaked sponge.
Yes rapid swelling.
What are fibro-osseous lesions?
normal bone replaced by fibrous tissue.
What is fibrous dysplasia?
What causes it?
If it’s polyostotic what syndromes are common?
tumorlike condition of normal bone replaced by fibrous CT intermixed with bone.
caused by postzygotic mutation.
Jaffe-Lichtenstein/Mcune-albright syndromes
Is monostotic or polyostotic more common in fibrous dysplasia? How much?
Mono: 80%
What is the radiographic feature of fibrous dysplasia?
fine ground glass opacity. (iced glass)
What does jaffe-lichtenstein sydrome present as?
And what about mcune albright?
Cafe au lait spots (coast of maine) polyostotic fibrous dysplasia MA: (above and also below) early onset puberty bony hard swelling
What does a focal cemento osseous dysplasia look like?
What type of person gets it?
Where is it found
Thin radiolucent rim.
Females, caucasian.
posterior mandible
What is periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia?
Why do dentists get sued over this?
What do later stages look like?
Where is it found?
lesion involving the periapex of tooth.
It looks like a periapical granuloma that needs a RCT.
Mixed RO-RL lesions.
Anterior mandible.
What is florid cemento-osseous dysplasia?
What time of person is it common?
Multiple focal involvement not limited to anterior mandible.
mostly african females.
What is an ossifying fibroma?
What does it do to roots?
What does it do to mandible cortex?
What does it look like?
True neoplasm with growth.
Main ossifying fibroma that causes root divergence.
downward bowing of the inferior cortex of mandible.
mixed RO-RL lesion.
What is difference between juvenile ossifying fibroma and ossifying fibroma?
JOF: male more than female, Max more than Mand.
What’s an osteoma?
Where’s it located?
What syndrome is osteoma associated with?
Bony hard mass growing off the head (similar to torus)
Anywhere on the head.
Gardner syndrome
What does gardner syndrome present as?
Colonic polyps that will become cancer, skeletal abnormalities, dental abnormalities, epidermoid cysts.
What are the most risky things to happen because of Gardner syndrome? What’s the second most likely thing to develop?
Adenocarcinoma grows from colon polyps..
Osteoma will also develop
What are the dental abnormalities of Gardner Syndrome?
Supernumerary teeth..
Osteoblastoma and Osteoid osteoma?
What does osteoid osteoma do to cause pain?
Which one is largest? size?
benign bone tumors.
Produces prostaglandins (give aspirin)
Osteoblastoma (larger than 2cm)
Does osteoblastoma produce prostaglandins and pain? and can it be relieved by aspirin?
Yes it produces it, but it’s too big to be relieved by aspirin.
When is the pain commonly felt with osteoid osteoma? What can it be relieved by ?
At night. by aspirin
What is the appearance of osteoblastoma and osteoid osteoma?
Radiolucent, well defined, may have a RO spot in the middle.
What’s a cementoblastoma?
Where does it occur?
What’s it look like xray?
How is it treated?
Neoplasm of cementoblasts.
Majority in mandible, molar/pre-molar.
RO mass that covers the root of the tooth.
Removed with the entire tooth.
What’s an Osteosarcoma?
What age is common?
Where does it usually occur?
What’s it look like xray?
What’s the trianglular elevation of periosteum called that’s found?
What’s a common thing to happen to the pdl?
Malignancy of mesenchymal origin.. 10-20 more common. and after 50 extragnathic (outside the jaw). xray "sunburst" appearance of spikes. Codman's triangle. PDL gets a lot wider.
What is ewings sarcoma? What causes it?
malignancy caused by translocation of 11:22 chromosome
Where are most metastatic diseases of jaw orginated?
Breast lung thyroid prostate kidney
What is xray character is metastatic jaw malignancy?
Moth-eaten, widened PDL.
What’s a chondrosarcoma?
Malignancy of bone caused by cartilage
