Oral pathology Flashcards
1
Q
Wearing away of teeth from tooth to tooth contact, malocclusion, grinding and mastication
A
attrition
2
Q
teeth wear from use of abrasive substances
excessive oral hygiene habits
A
abrasion
3
Q
angular notch at the gumline caused by bending forces applied to the tooth
A
abfraction
4
Q
loss of tooth structure from a chemical process
shiny, glossy look
A
erosion
5
Q
Excess number of teeth
A
supernumerary teeth
6
Q
what is the most common and the 2nd most common supernumerary teeth
A
mesiodens - between centrals
2nd most common - maxillary molar area
7
Q
complete abscence of teeth
ectodermal dysplasia
A
anodontia
8
Q
partial anodontia: one or several teeth are missing
less than normal teeth
A
hypodontia
9
Q
congentially missing 6 teeth or more - 3rd molars are common
A
oligodontia
10
Q
small teeth
most common is peg lateral - maxillary
A
microdontia
11
Q
large teeth
rare
A
macrodontia
12
Q
Bull tooth
more common in down syndrome
enlarged pulp chamber
A
taurodontism
13
Q
hereditary disorder of enamel formation
A
amelogenesis imperfecta
14
Q
inherited dentin disorder
teeth are discolored - opalescent dentin
A
dentinogenesis imperfecta
15
Q
space between adjacent teeth
A
diastema
16
Q
internal resorption
A
pulp may show through enamel - tooth may appear pink
enlarged pulpal chamber
17
Q
resorption of the teeth externally
A
external resorption
18
Q
teeth are joined at the cementum
A
concrescence
19
Q
two teeth have developed from a single root
normal count of teeth
A
gemination
20
Q
two teeth are joined during development
one tooth less than normal
A
fusion
21
Q
tooth within a tooth
most common maxillary lateral incisor
A
dens in dente
22
Q
exaggerated bend in root
A
dilaceration
23
Q
disturbance of enamel formation during development
usually present in bifurcations or trifurcations
A
enamel pearls
24
Q
systemic causes of hypoplasia
A
early childhood diseases
birth trauma, syphillis acquired at birth, trauma
hutchinson’s incisors and mulberry molars - syphillis
fluorosis - high levels of fluoride ingestions
25
local causes of hypoplasia
turners tooth - hypo calcified permanent tooth
26
staining that occurs of environmental factors such as tobacco use, wine, grape juice
extrinsic stain (exogenous)
27
staining that may occur from enlarged pulp chamber or trauma
dentin is darkened
intrinsic stain (endogenous)
28
endogenous gray, yellow, brown staining
tetracycline staining
29
staining that is more serious in children - hyperbilirubinemia, Rh incompatibility, ABO incompatibility, hemolytic disease, and sepsis
green staining
30
scattered red dots are the orifices of inflammed minor salivary glands, benign but predisposed to malignancy
nicotinic stomatitis
31
white patches that cannot wipe off
leukoplakia
32
milky white lesions of buccal mucosa that disappear when stretched
more prominent in dark skin individuals
leukoedema
33
hyperkeratotic line of buccal mucosa along plane of occlusion
linea alba
34
most common fungal infection
local factors: xerostomia, complete dentures, steroid inhalers
systemic factors: antibiotic therapy, HIV+, uncontrolled diabetes
candida albicans
35
white plaques that wipe off
| erythematous candidiasis
pseudomembranous candidasis (thrush)
36
flat, brown freckle
| known as focal melanosis
melanotic macule
37
gray, blue-black, flat lesion
| amalgam particles embedded in soft tissue
amalgam tattoo (focal argyrosis)
38
intraoral sebaceous oil glands
| small bilateral, yellow nodules
fordyce granules
39
fissured areas at the corner of the mouth
TX: topical - nystatin, clotrimazole
systemic - ketoconazole, fluconazole (diflucan)
angular chelitis
40
dilated superficial veins
| prominent on ventral tongue
varicosities
41
Most common location of intraoral cancer
lateral border
42
Areas of erythema (atrophy of filiform papillae) surrounded by raised, white border
geographic tongue (erythema migrans)
43
short, thick lingual frenum - limitation of tongue movement affecting speech
ankyloglossia (tongue tied)
44
elongation of the filiform papillae
| heavy smoking, antibiotic therapy, poor oral hygiene
hairy tongue
45
fissures and grooves on dorsal of tongue surface
| common in down syndrome clients
fissured tongue (furrowed tongue, scrotal)
46
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enlarged tongue
excess growth hormone
mouth breathing
hypodontia
common in down syndrome
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macroglossia
47
red, atrophic area
often associated with candida albicans
anterior to circumvallete papillae
median rhomboid glossitis
48
calcification within gland or duct
wharton's (submandibular) duct most common site
may cause obstruction
sialoithiasis (salivary stone)
49
stafne's bone cyst
depression on the mandible at the inferior alveolar canal - submandibular gland
no TX
50
lower lip most common site
bluish/pink fluid filled nodule
caused by traumatic severance of salivary gland duct
mucocele
51
mucocele of the floor of the mouth
usually associated with sublingual gland
floor of the mouth - swelling
ranula
52
most common tumor of the salivary glands - benign
| parotid gland most common
pleomorphic adenoma
53
virus transmitted through saliva or respiratory secretions
| bilateral parotid enlargement
mumps
54
most common tumor of the oral cavity
fibroma
55
cause by hpv
often found in soft palate and uvula
peduculated stalked
papilloma
56
developmental vascular lesion
| tongue most common site
hemangioma
57
increase in number of cells present causing inflammation
gingival hyperplasia
58
medications that cause gingival hyperplasia
phenytoin, procardia, cyclosporine
59
fibroma around denture flange, caused by ill fitting denture
epulis fissuratum
60
inflammed pulp tissue within a tooth that is severly decayed or has a large open carious lesions
chronic hyperplastic pulpitis
61
papillary lesions under maxillary denture, especially if denture never removed
papillary hyperplasia of the palate (pseudopapillomatosis)
62
pregnancy tumor - hormonal influenced, especially during pregnancy
pyogenic granuloma
63
giant cells present - multinucleated
peripheral giant cell granuloma
64
traumatic ulcer
caused by trauma biting, vigorous brushing, eating hard pointed chips
painful
7-14 healing time
65
aphthous ulcer
recurring and painful, well circumscribed with erythematous halo
located on unattached mucosa
stress, acidic, or trauma induced
66
intial infection: primary herpetic gingivostomatitis - painful red, multiple vesicles progressing to ulcers
systemic problems : malaise, fever, lymphadenopathy
herpes simplex virus 1
67
herpes labialis
found on the lip border, recurrent cold sores, fever blisters - vesicles will ulcerate
68
Recurrent intraoral HSV
bound down - keratinized mucosa (hard palate and attached gingiva)
69
treatment for herpes 1
acyclovir
70
chickenpox - erythema, vesicles, pustules, crusted lesions
| shingles - painful unilateral erythema, vesicles, and ulcera
varicella zoster virus
71
mononucleosis infections - fatigue, malaise, palatal petechiae
burkitts lymphoma
oral hair leukoplakia
epstein barr virus
72
cytomegalovirus
mostly in immunocompromised
| oral mucosal ulcerations
73
recurrent painful HSV infection of the fingers
herpetic whitlow
74
neoplastic lesion
multiple bluish-purple and white macules and plaques
common HIV infected clients
kaposi sarcoma
75
herpangina (coxsackie virus)
vesicles or ulcers of posterior oral cavity or soft palate
76
ulcerations or vesicles of feet, mouth, and hands - painful
| prevalent in young children
hand foot and mouth disease (coxsackie virus)
77
autoimmune disease causing xerostomia and dry eyes
sjogren syndrome
78
Bulls eye
multiple mucosal surfaces are ulcerated
usually triggered multiple med use
acute ulcerative condition of skin and mucous membranes
stevens johnson syndrome - erythema multiforme
79
butterfly rash found on face
lupus erythematosis
80
skin disease that may appear as fine lace like white lines - wickhams striae or red ulcerations (erosive)
lichen planus
81
long term neuromuscular disease
| varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness
myasthenia graves
82
cyst
lining is epithelial tissue produced during tooth development
83
remnants of the dental lamina
epithelial rests of serres
84
remnants of hertwigs tooth sheath
epithelial rests of malassez
85
dentigerous cyst (follicular cyst)
located around crown of impacted tooth
| commonly - mand wisdom teeth and max canines
86
lateral periodontal cyst
common between roots of mandibular premolars`
87
radicular cyst
| periapical cyst
found at apices of necrotic tooth
| well-circumscribed funicular radiolucency
88
residual cyst
remanant of radicular cyst
89
odontogenic keratocyst (OKC)
associated with basal cell carcinoma
| commonly in posterior of mandible
90
primordial cyst
replaces tooth
91
globulomaxillary cyst
found between maxillary lateral and canine incisors
92
nasopalatine duct cyst (incisive canal)
radiolucency found at midline of max anterior
| heart shaped appearance anterior to nasal spine
93
nasolabial cyst
| nasolacrimal cyst
located over the maxillary canine region - may swell
| may lift ala of the nose
94
premalignant lesions
| possible premalignancy to squamous cell carcinoma
dysplasia (carcinoma in situ)
95
precancerous skin lesion that may lead to squamous cell carcinoma
irregulary shaped and scaly plaque
sun exposure is a factor
actinic keratosis
96
precancerous lesion on lower lip
| red, white, ulcerated or crusted appearance
actinic cheilitis
97
most common type of skin cancer
basal cell carcinoma
98
most common types of oral cancer
| often seen on lateral surfaces of tongue or floor of the mouth
squamous cell carcinoma
99
bone marrow tumor - poor prognosis often fatal
causes anemia and painful bone
punched out radiolucent bone, including jaw
multiple myeloma
100
pigmented tumor
| most dangerous form of skin cancer
melanoma
101
wrinkled, corrugated white lesion at site of placement
| leukoplakia with increased risk of developing malignancy
snuff dippers keratosis
102
most common, usually benign bone condition
odontoma
103
mixed radio-opaque/lucent lesions on the apex of vital teeth - commonly in mandibular anterior
prevalent in african american middle aged women
cementoma
104
usually multiocular radiolucency (soap bubble or honey combed)
usually posterior mandibular
ameloblastoma
105
radiopaque lesion at apex of inflamed or necrotic tooth
condensing osteitis
106
mixed radiolucent/radiopaque lesions at apices
common in lower anterior teeth
involved teeth are vital
common in middle aged african-american woman
periodical cemental dysplasia
107
multiple quadrants: dense mass of cementum of bone
| both edentulous and edentulous areas may be affected
florid cements-osseous dysplasia
108
hypoplastic or absent clavicles
| associated with supernumerary teeth
cleidocranial dysplasia
109
cotton wool radiopacities
| alkaline phosphates elevated
pagets disease
110
what virus is associated with herpangina
coxsackie virus
111
epulis fissuratum is caused by
ill fitting denture
112
most common site for supernumerary tooth
between the max cental incisors
