oral pathology Flashcards
What is another name for geographic tongue
Benign migratory glossitis
The cause of this is unknown, may be induced by stress. Loss of filiform papilla (filiform papilla are atrophic)
Geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis)
This occurs when the filiform papilla become elongated and may be white, yellow, brown or black
Hairy tongue
This disease may be associated with a fungal infection from candida albicans
Median Rhomboid glossitis
What is tongue tied called, it is caused by short lingual frenum
Ankyloglossia
This is a white lesion, they are raised red dots represent the duct openings of minor salivary glands, it has appearance of coarse, white, wrinkled
Nicotine stomatitis
What is the most common oral fungal infection
Candidiasis
Which white lesion wipes off?
candidiasis or leukoedema
Candidiasis
Candidiasis can occur in patients who are immuno-suppressed, including?
antibiotic therapy chemotherapy Denture wearers Diabetics HIV infection Xerostomia
What type of candidiasis is call “thrush”; superficial candidiasis; infants and elderly
Pseudomembranous
What type of candidiasis is red mucosa, often painful, localized or generalized
Erythematous
“Acute atrophic candidiasis”
Erythematous
What is another name for denture stomatitis
Chronic atrophic candidiasis
What type of candidiasis may be due to nutritional deficiencies (such as insufficient riboflavin, vitamin B2)
Angular cheilitis
This is white patch or plaque of oral mucosa that cannot be wiped off
Leukoplakia
This type of candidiasis are white patches seen on the lateral border of the tongue ( may be the first oral manifestation of HIV disease)
Hairy leukoplakia
What is the most common pigmented lesion seen
Amalgam tattoo
Intraoral sebaceous (oil) glands, they are small yellow nodules on buccal mucosa and vermilion, seen after puberty
Fordyce’s granules
What does oma mean
New growth
What is the most common tumor of the oral cavity
Irritation/ traumatic fibroma
This connective tissue lesions is pedunculated (stalk-like), warty, soft lesion
Papilloma
These tumors are often cauliflower-like in appearance
Papilloma
What’s another name for a strawberry birth marks
Hemangioma
This is a inflammatory soft tissue lesion that often occurs in pregnant women and are called “pregnancy tumors”
Pyogenic granuloma
What are medication involved with hyperplasia
phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizures
calcium channel blockers (Procardia, nifedipine) for hypertension
Cyclosporine for transplant medication
These inflammatory soft tissue lesions are “Pulp polyp”
and Asymptomatic
Chronic hyperplastic pulpitis
Characteristic skin lesion is the bull’s eye (target) lesion that demonstrates circles of erythema and normal skin tones
Erythema Multiforme
The is the most severe form of erythema multiforme
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
It has a lace-like white lines, commonly seen on the buccal mucosa. The slender, fine lines are termed Wickham’s straie
Lichen Planus
Most common skin lesion is the “butterfly” rash over the nose
Lupus
Healing usually lasts 7-14 days-unless the trauma persists
Traumatic ulcer
Painful, recurring ulcers seen only on movable mucosa of the oral cavity (the mucosa not covering bone)
Aphthous Ulcer
What are the two major forms of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Type 1
Type 2
Which type of HSV causes oral infections
Type 1
Which type of HSV causes genital infections
Type 2
The most common type of recurrent oral herpes
herpes labialis, they occurs on the vermilion borders of the lips
What is herpes labialis often referred to as
“cold sore” or “fever blister”
Herpes simplex virus can also causes a painful infection of the fingers
Herpetic Whitlow
This is caused by the coxsackie virus, Vesicles are seen on the soft palate, usually accompanied by fever, malaise, flu-like symptoms
Herpangina
Caused by the coxsackie virus
Oral lesion are painful, ulcerative vesicles; macules typically appear on the feet,toes, hands and fingers as well
Tx generally not required
Hand-foot and mouth disease
Caused by the Epstein-Barr virus
Oral manifestations include palatal-petechiae
Infectious mononucleosis
Caused by the varicella-zoster virus
Primary infections are known as varicella or chickenpox; secondary or reactivated infections are herpes zoster or shingles
Varicella-Zoster Infections
This is usually unilateral; see painful eruptions of vesicles along the distribution of a sensory nerve, do not cross the midline
Zoster or shingles
HSV can persist in a latent state found in the what?
trigeminal ganglion
What is the tx for HSV
Antiviral drugs, such as acyclovir
What is the most common odontogenic tumor
Odontoma
Common in middle age, African American females.
Mixed radiopaque/radiolucent lesions seen at the apex of vital teeth, usually mandibular anterior
Periapical cemental dysplasia (cementoma)
Seen at the apex of a necrotic tooth
Most common cysts of the jaws
Radicular cyst (periapical cyst)
Radicular cyst that was “left behind”
Tx involves removal of cyst
Residual cyst
What’s another name for Dentigerous cyst
Follicular cyst
Seen around the crown of an impacted or unerupted tooth.
Commonly seen with mandibular 3rd molars, also max canines
Dentigerous cyst (follicular cyst)
Occurs in place of a tooth
Primordial cyst
Common location is between the roots of mandibular premolars.
Cannot probe this area; males>females
Lateral periodontal cyst
May appear “heart-shaped” due to presence of anterior nasal spine
Nasopalatine duct cyst (incisive canal cyst)
Lower lip is the most common site
Clinically appears as a bluish-pink fluid-filled nodule
Caused by the traumatic severance of a salivary gland duct
Mucocele
Mucocele of the floor of the mouth
Caused by obstruction of Wharton’s duct (sub mandibular salivary gland duct)
Ranula
A calcification within a gland or duct
Wharton’s duct is the most common site
Sialolithiasis (salivary stones)
Most common tumor of the salivary glands
Parotid gland most common location
Benign mixed tumor (pleomorphic ademona)
Autoimmune disorder in which the immune cells attack the exocrine system
Sjögren’s syndrome
Most common form of oral cancer
Seen on the lateral borders of the tongue and floor
Of the mouth
Squamous cell carcinoma
Large pulp chamber, location of the furcation is more apical, elongated crown
Commonly seen in people with Down syndrome
“Bull’s tooth”
Taurodontism
Small teeth
Maxillary lateral incisor is most common “peg lateral”
Microdontia
Space between two adjacent teeth; may be hereditary
Often seen due to high frenum attachment and muscle pull
Diastema
Extra teeth in the dentition; hyperdontia
Supernumerary teeth
What is the most common supernumerary tooth
Mesiodens
Followed by maxillary molar area (fourth molars, distomolar)
Hereditary disorder of enamel formation
Dentin and pulp appear normal
Amelogenesis imperfecta
Hereditary disorder of dentin
Radiographically see obliterated pulp (no pulp chambers) chambers and crowns
Dentinogenesis imperfecta
Which term accurately describes the filiform papilla in a patient with benign migratory glossitis
Atrophic
A frenectomy may be the recommended protocol for a patient with:
Anklyoglossia
Which type of oral fungal infection is most asymptomatic?
Chronic atrophic candidiasis
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with leukoedema?
No treatment required
Which soft tissue lesion most closely resembles the clinical appearance of the pyogenic granuloma?
Peripheral giant cell granuloma
What is the main causative factor of an expulis fissuratum?
ill-fitting denture
All description define chronic hyper plastic pulpitis except one. Which is the exception?
Patient is extremely symptomatic and uncomfortable
Aphthous ulcers may occur in any of the locations except one. Which is the exception? A. Buccal mucosa B. Tongue C. Gingiva D. Soft palate
Gingiva
Your patient is a 55-year old male who states that his teeth are starting to spread apart. radiographic images reveal cotton-wool radiopacities throughout the skull and mandible. Which condition do you suspect?
Paget’s disease
From the choices listed, which tooth would most likely demonstrate enamel pearls? A.#1 B.#7 C.#13 D.#27
Tooth#1
When you stretch the mucosa it makes the opalescence less noticeable
Leukoedema
Denture stomatitis
Chronic atrophic candidiasis
What does pedunculated mean
Stalk-like
This lesion is caused by an ill-fitting denture
Epulis fissuratum
What does asymptomatic mean
Non-painful
The initial infection of HSV is termed
Primary hermetic gingivostomatitis
HSV can persist in a latent state, found in the
Trigeminal ganglion
How long does heretic whitlow last
4-6 weeks
Bony protuberance on facial and buccal surfaces of the jaws
Exostoses (outside)
radiographically see cotton-wool radiopacities
Paget’s disease
This term is complete absence of teeth
Anodontia
The resulting hypoplastic or hypocalcified permanent tooth is known as
Turners tooth
