Oral Mucosa in Disease and Dental Caries

Question 1

3 causes of a lump?

Answer 1

Hyperplasia, tumours, infection

Question 2

4 causes of white patches?

Answer 2

Trauma, infection, immune, dysplasia

Question 3

3 causes of red patch?

Answer 3

Vascular, immune, dysplasia

Question 4

What can lack of saliva, salivary gland disease and diabetes cause?

Answer 4

A dry mouth

Question 5

What drug can cause a dry mouth?

Answer 5

Diuretics

Question 6

What do recurrent oral ulceration, oral dysaesthesia, oral candida, angular cheilitis and smooth tongue all suggest?

Answer 6

Iron deficiency

Question 7

Give four underlying reasons for iron deficiency?

Answer 7

GI bleeding
Poor diet
Malignancy
Colorectal carcinoma

Question 8

What is recurrent aphthous stomatitis a cause of?

Answer 8

Anaemia or haematinic deficiency

Question 9

What can Crohns, sarcoidosis and allergies cause that swells the lips and cheeks?

Answer 9

Orofacial granulomatosis

Question 10

What part of the GI tract can Crohns affect?

Answer 10

Any part of Gi tract

Question 11

In Crohns disease what can obstruction of lymphatics cause?

Answer 11

Granuloma

Question 12

In Crohn’s disease, what is mucosal oedema described as?

Answer 12

Cobblestoning

Question 13

What are three oral manifestations of direct involvement in Crohns?

Answer 13

1. Oral ulceration - mucosal tags
2. Cobblestone mucosa - swollen lips
3. Angular cheilitis

Question 14

What condition involves dental enamel erosion and mucosal irritation and fibrosis?

Answer 14

GORD

Question 15

What condition has hypersensitivity - villous atrophy?

Answer 15

Coeliac disease

Question 16

What cures coeliac disease?

Answer 16

Gluten free diet

Question 17

What two drugs used in UC could cause oral effects?

Answer 17

1. Sulphasalazine type

2. Sterpods

Question 18

In UC, what do oral lesions resolve with?

Answer 18

Colectomy

Question 19

With diabetes type II, what can be seen in the mouth?

Answer 19

Thrush

Question 20

What disease can show candida, oral ulcerastion, Kaposi’s sarcoma, herpes lesions, hairy leukoplakia, warts, severe gingitivits and bone loss?

Answer 20

HIV

Question 21

What can low vitamin A, C and iron be a risk for?

Answer 21

Oral cancer

Question 22

What is HPV 16 & 18 associated with?

Answer 22

Oropharyngeal cancer

Question 23

What are two high risk sites for oral cancer?

Answer 23

1. Soft (non-keratinising) sites - ventraltongue/floor of mouth
2. Lateral tongue

Question 24

What are erythroplakia, erythroileukoplakia, leukoplakia, erosive lichen planus, subm,ucous fibrosis and dyskeratosis congenita?

Answer 24

Potentially maligant lesions

Question 25

What are dysphagia, change in voice, unexplained pain in mouth or neck, numb feeling in lips and face and red/white lesions signs of?

Answer 25

Oral cancer

Question 26

What are the 4 relevant questions to ask about an oral lesion?

Answer 26

How long?
Painful?
Smoke/drink?
Colour?

Question 27

4 causes of ulceration?

Answer 27

RAS, trauma, tumour, infection

Question 28

What is a dynamic process involving the exchange of calcium and phosphate ions between tooth structure and saliva (plaque fluid), in the presence of acids produced by the fermentation of carbohydrates by oral micro-organisms?

Answer 28

Dental caries

Question 29

What are the three factors in caries aetiology?

Answer 29

Tooth
Bacteria
Sugar

Question 30

How are dental caries measured?

Answer 30

DMF index

Question 31

What makes up DMFT?

Answer 31

Decayed - present experience of caries
Missing - past treatment of caries
Filled - past treatment of caries