GORD and Dysmotility Flashcards
What does an incompetent lower oesophageal sphincter, poor oesophageal clearance nad barrier function/visceral sensitivity cause?
GORD
What are heartburn. acid reflux, waterbrash, dysphagia and odynophagia symptoms of?
GORD
What are 4 investigations for GORD?
- Endoscopy
- Barium swallow
- Oesophageal manometry and pH studues
- Nuclear studies
What two carcinomas can result from GORD?
Oesophageal carcinoma
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma
What are the two pathogenetic steps between a normal oesophagus and an adenocarcinoma?
Oesophagitis and Barrett’s
What is the main type of drugs used for GORD?
Antacids
What is the one class of drugs to treat GORD - begins with H?
H2 antagonists
Name two H2 antagonists?
- Cimetidine
2. Ranitidine
Name two PPI?
Omeprazole
Lansoprazole
What is the name of the surgery for severe/unresponsive GORD?
Nissen fundoplication
What is an irreversible result of GORD, occurs in 10% of GORD patients and involves intestinal metaplasia?
Barrett’s oesophagus
What are 4 methods of dysplasia management?
- Optimise PPI dose
- Endoscopic mucosal resection
- Radiofrequency ablation (HALO)
- Argon
What are two types of hiatus hernia?
Sliding hiatus hernia
Paraoesophageal hiatus hernia
What is gastroparesis?
Delayed gastric emptying
What is one clinical symptom of gastroparesis?
Feeling of fullness
What are 4 causes of gastroparesis?
- Diabetes mellitus
- Cannabis
- Medication (opiates, anticholinergics)
- Systemic sclerosis
What investigation is done for gastroparesis?
Gastric emptying studies
What are these management options form: removal of precipitating factors, liquid/sloppy diet, eat little and often, promotility agents and gastric pacemaker?
Management of gastroparesis
