Oral Conditions M12

Question 1

What is thrush?

Answer 1

Fungal infection, can be wiped off with a gauze.

Question 2

What causes Thrush?

Answer 2

Micro-organisms candid albicans

Question 3

How is thrush treated?

Answer 3

anti-fungal mouthwash or lozenges

Question 4

What is Angular Cheilitis?

Answer 4

Redness, cracking mouth of fissures from the corner of the mouth. Sometimes covered with white membrane

Question 5

How is Angular Cheilitis treated?

Answer 5

Same way as Thrush, except cream can be applied

Question 6

Who does Angular Cheilitis usually effect?

Answer 6

usually older People

Question 7

What is Denture Stomatitis

Answer 7

Inflammation of the mouth caused by dentures, not generally sore

Question 8

How is Denture Stomatitis treated?

Answer 8

removing dentures at night and cleaning throughly

Question 9

How is Denture Stomatitis treated?

Answer 9

Same way as thrush

Question 10

What is denture stomatitis associated with?

Answer 10

poor diet, HIV/AIDS, anaemia or diabetes

Question 11

What is denture soreness?

Answer 11

ulceration/irritation from the denture poorly fitting

Question 12

How is denture soreness treated?

Answer 12

Leaving dentures out until it has healed. Chlorhexidine mouthwash, denture adjusting

Question 13

What is Xerostomia?

Answer 13

Reduction in saliva flow

Question 14

What can treat/manage Xerostomia?

Answer 14

Artificial saliva, fluoride mouth rises

Question 15

What can cause Xerostomia?

Answer 15

Radiation treatment, damage to salivary glands, antispasmodics, tricyclic anti-depressants, anti-physcotic drugs, HAART drugs

Question 16

What is the medical term for ulcers?

Answer 16

Aphthous ulcers

Question 17

What are Aphthous ulcers?

Answer 17

found inside the lips or cheek

Question 18

How long do ulcers take to heal?

Answer 18

10 days, can be up to a month

Question 19

What is Halitosis?

Answer 19

Bad breath

Question 20

What is Herpes/cold sore?

Answer 20

Viral infection

Question 21

What are cold sores caused by?

Answer 21

Herpes simplex virus - which lays dormant

Question 22

How are cold sores treated?

Answer 22

Anti-viral creams, they don’t kill the virus but will stop it multiplying

Question 23

What is Bruxism?

Answer 23

Tooth grinding/clenching

Question 24

What percentage of the population has bruxism?

Answer 24

10-50%

Question 25

What is Abrasion?

Answer 25

Loss by wear of the tooth surface, caused by an object, eg. toothbrush

Question 26

Signs of Abrasion?

Answer 26

Wear at the cervical margin of the teeth. Usually effects plaque free areas

Question 27

What is Attrition?

Answer 27

Loss by wear of tooth substance by tooth to tooth contact.

Question 28

What is a sign of Attrition?

Answer 28

Occlusal tooth surface loss

Question 29

What is Abfraction?

Answer 29

Loss of dental tissue caused by abrasion of a substance/object

Question 30

What is a characteristic of abfraction?

Answer 30

wedge shaped defect on cemento/enamal junction

Question 31

What is smokers keratosis

Answer 31

What patch in the mouth of a smoker

Question 32

What is smokers keratosis caused by?

Answer 32

may or may not be in areas that are irritated by friction.

Question 33

What is the medical term for oral cancer?

Answer 33

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Question 34

How many people a year are diagnosed with SCC (oral cancer)?

Answer 34

approx. 3500 people

Question 35

On average, how many people die per day in the UK due to oral cancer?

Answer 35

4 people

Question 36

How many people in Scotland are diagnosed with oral cancer each year?

Answer 36

approx 530

Question 37

Who does oral cancer usually affect?

Answer 37

50 years old +, approx 85% of new cases

Question 38

Where is the most common site for oral cancer?

Answer 38

The Tongue - particularly lateral bordered

Question 39

What percentage of SCC is on the floor of the mouth?

Answer 39

17%, usually the anterior, around the submandibular salivary gland

Question 40

What year did oral cancer numbers start to increase in the UK?

Answer 40

1970's

Question 41

In 1990-99's the incident rate of oral cancer increased by what percentage?

Answer 41

34%

Question 42

What causes oral cancer?

Answer 42

smoking and drinking

Question 43

After stopping smoking, when does the risk of oral cancer sharply drop?

Answer 43

after 10 years

Question 44

How many units of alcohol is recommended for males and females?

Answer 44

14 units per week spread over 3 + days, with alcohol free days each week

Question 45

A diet high in which vitamins, offer protection against oral cancer?

Answer 45

A,C & E

Question 46

What are the signs of oral cancer?

Answer 46

white and red patches

Question 47

What are white patches on the oral mucosa called?

Answer 47

Leukoplakia

Question 48

What are red patches on the oral mucosa called?

Answer 48

Erythroplakia

Question 49

What are white patches with a red component in the oral mucosa called?

Answer 49

Speckled Leukoplakia

Question 50

If a person possibly has AIDS what may present in the oral mucosa?

Answer 50

Fungal infections; Angular Cheilitis / Thrush

Question 51

What is Hair Leukoplakia?

Answer 51

White with red cracking radiating fissures, usually found in the lateral border.

Question 52

What is Gingival erythema?

Answer 52

Red band on the gingival margin with spontaneous gingival bleeding