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Oral Hygiene Exam 2023 > Oral Conditions M12 > Flashcards

Oral Conditions M12 Flashcards

1
Q

What is thrush?

A

Fungal infection, can be wiped off with a gauze.

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2
Q

What causes Thrush?

A

Micro-organisms candid albicans

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3
Q

How is thrush treated?

A

anti-fungal mouthwash or lozenges

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4
Q

What is Angular Cheilitis?

A

Redness, cracking mouth of fissures from the corner of the mouth. Sometimes covered with white membrane

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5
Q

How is Angular Cheilitis treated?

A

Same way as Thrush, except cream can be applied

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6
Q

Who does Angular Cheilitis usually effect?

A

usually older People

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7
Q

What is Denture Stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mouth caused by dentures, not generally sore

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8
Q

How is Denture Stomatitis treated?

A

removing dentures at night and cleaning throughly

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9
Q

How is Denture Stomatitis treated?

A

Same way as thrush

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10
Q

What is denture stomatitis associated with?

A

poor diet, HIV/AIDS, anaemia or diabetes

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11
Q

What is denture soreness?

A

ulceration/irritation from the denture poorly fitting

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12
Q

How is denture soreness treated?

A

Leaving dentures out until it has healed. Chlorhexidine mouthwash, denture adjusting

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13
Q

What is Xerostomia?

A

Reduction in saliva flow

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14
Q

What can treat/manage Xerostomia?

A

Artificial saliva, fluoride mouth rises

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15
Q

What can cause Xerostomia?

A

Radiation treatment, damage to salivary glands, antispasmodics, tricyclic anti-depressants, anti-physcotic drugs, HAART drugs

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16
Q

What is the medical term for ulcers?

A

Aphthous ulcers

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17
Q

What are Aphthous ulcers?

A

found inside the lips or cheek

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18
Q

How long do ulcers take to heal?

A

10 days, can be up to a month

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19
Q

What is Halitosis?

A

Bad breath

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20
Q

What is Herpes/cold sore?

A

Viral infection

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21
Q

What are cold sores caused by?

A

Herpes simplex virus - which lays dormant

22
Q

How are cold sores treated?

A

Anti-viral creams, they don’t kill the virus but will stop it multiplying

23
Q

What is Bruxism?

A

Tooth grinding/clenching

24
Q

What percentage of the population has bruxism?

A

10-50%

25
Q

What is Abrasion?

A

Loss by wear of the tooth surface, caused by an object, eg. toothbrush

26
Q

Signs of Abrasion?

A

Wear at the cervical margin of the teeth. Usually effects plaque free areas

27
Q

What is Attrition?

A

Loss by wear of tooth substance by tooth to tooth contact.

28
Q

What is a sign of Attrition?

A

Occlusal tooth surface loss

29
Q

What is Abfraction?

A

Loss of dental tissue caused by abrasion of a substance/object

30
Q

What is a characteristic of abfraction?

A

wedge shaped defect on cemento/enamal junction

31
Q

What is smokers keratosis

A

What patch in the mouth of a smoker

32
Q

What is smokers keratosis caused by?

A

may or may not be in areas that are irritated by friction.

33
Q

What is the medical term for oral cancer?

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

34
Q

How many people a year are diagnosed with SCC (oral cancer)?

A

approx. 3500 people

35
Q

On average, how many people die per day in the UK due to oral cancer?

A

4 people

36
Q

How many people in Scotland are diagnosed with oral cancer each year?

A

approx 530

37
Q

Who does oral cancer usually affect?

A

50 years old +, approx 85% of new cases

38
Q

Where is the most common site for oral cancer?

A

The Tongue - particularly lateral bordered

39
Q

What percentage of SCC is on the floor of the mouth?

A

17%, usually the anterior, around the submandibular salivary gland

40
Q

What year did oral cancer numbers start to increase in the UK?

A

1970’s

41
Q

In 1990-99’s the incident rate of oral cancer increased by what percentage?

A

34%

42
Q

What causes oral cancer?

A

smoking and drinking

43
Q

After stopping smoking, when does the risk of oral cancer sharply drop?

A

after 10 years

44
Q

How many units of alcohol is recommended for males and females?

A

14 units per week spread over 3 + days, with alcohol free days each week

45
Q

A diet high in which vitamins, offer protection against oral cancer?

A

A,C & E

46
Q

What are the signs of oral cancer?

A

white and red patches

47
Q

What are white patches on the oral mucosa called?

A

Leukoplakia

48
Q

What are red patches on the oral mucosa called?

A

Erythroplakia

49
Q

What are white patches with a red component in the oral mucosa called?

A

Speckled Leukoplakia

50
Q

If a person possibly has AIDS what may present in the oral mucosa?

A

Fungal infections; Angular Cheilitis / Thrush

51
Q

What is Hair Leukoplakia?

A

White with red cracking radiating fissures, usually found in the lateral border.

52
Q

What is Gingival erythema?

A

Red band on the gingival margin with spontaneous gingival bleeding

Oral Hygiene Exam 2023 (17 decks)

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