Oral cavity, Salivary glands, Mandible/Maxilla Flashcards
What muscles protect the nasopharynx from the entrance of food during deglutition?
a. Palatine muscles
b. Pteropharyngeal muscles
c. Tensor and Levator veli palatine
d. Pteropharyngeal muscles
c. Tensor and Levator veli palatine
soft palate becomes taught and elevated
What nerves innervate the muscles of the soft palate?
a. Glossopharyngeal only
b. Vagus only
c. Glossopharyngeal and Vagus nerves
d. Glossopharyngeal, Vagus and the hypoglossal nerves
c. Glossopharyngeal and Vagus nerves
What is the blood supply for the soft palate?
a. Infraorbital artery
b. Minor palatine artery
c. Major palatine artery
d. Sphenopalatine artery
B
Which of the following statements is TRUE in regards to salivary glands?
A The parotid gland capsule clearly differentiates the gland from the surrounding tissues
B The mandibular gland has monostomatic and polystomatic portions
C The zygomatic and the sublingual glands have a higher proportion of mucus
D Salivary alpha-amylase is very important in dogs and cats to digest carbohydrates
C true
B (sublingual)
A intimately associated with facial nerve, maxillary and temporal a, internal maxillary v.
D not dogs and cats
Which anatomy/physiology statement is false?
A The parotid artery supplies the parotid gland, and the superficial temporal and great auricular veins drain the parotid gland
B The medial retropharyngeal LN drain from the zygomatic, mandibular, sublingual and parotid salivary glands
C Phase I saliva is HCO3- and K+ rich, and Phase II saliva is sodium-rich
D Acinus → intercalated ducts → intralobular → interlobular → lobular → lobar→ major excretory ducts
C false
Phase I saliva: Na rich
Phase II saliva: final product rich in HCO3- and K+
The majority of the blood supply to the mandible is provided by: A. Rostral Mental artery B. Facial artery C. Inferior alveolar artery D. Ventral tonsillar artery
C
Common oral tumors in dogs and approximate descending order of frequency (approximate metastatic rate to the regional lymph nodes or beyond)
- Malignant melanoma (81%)
- SCC (20%)
- Fibrosarcoma (35%)
- Osteosarcoma
- Acanthomatous ameloblastoma
Which artery supplies the lower lip/cheek? Upper lip/cheek?
facial artery –> lower
infraorbital –> upper
Name 3 extrinsic muscles of the tongue (paired)? which nerve controls them?
styloglossus
hyoglossus
genioglossus
Hypoglossal (XII)
Name the 3 gustatory papillae?
Fungiform, vallate, foliate
Name 2 nongustatory papillae
filiform, conical
What cranial nerves control the muscles of the soft palate?
IX = glossopharyngeal X = vagus
Blood supply to the palatine tonsil?
lingual artery –> tonsillar artery
Which of the following is true?
A. Tonsils do not have afferent lymphatics
B. The oral and pharyngeal phases are voluntary
C.
D.
A true
B oral = voluntary, V, VII, XII reflex pharyngeal stage = involuntary, swallowing center, IX, X
C
D
Name the 3 phases of deglutition
oropharyngeal
esophageal
gastroesophageal
Name the 3 phases of the 1st phase of deglutition, oropharyngeal
oral –> pharyngeal –> pharyngoesophgeal
Name the majority mucous secreting glands? Serous glands?
Mucous: zygomatic, sublingual
Serous: parotid, mandibular
Which glands empyt at the sublingual caruncle? The upper 4th premolar?
SL caruncle: mandibular and monostomatic portion sublingual
4th UPM: parotid
Name functions of saliva
lubricate ingesta
themoregulation, oral cavity cleansing, buffering of weak acids, eduction oral bacT growth, protection surface epithelium
What stimulates saliva production?
parasympathetics –> vasodilation + cGMP –> upregulates acinar cell activity
Name the major muscles of mastication (4)
masseter, temporalis, pterydoieus, digastricus
Where do you perform a maxillary dental block for maxillary teeth, hard and soft tissues/palate, nose and lower eyelid? What nerve?
Central aspect rostral half zygomatic arch OR intraoral
Infraorbital, minor and major palatine, superior alveolar, external/internal nasal, superior labial br
How do you block the infraorbital nerve?
Dial to maxillary pm3 in dogs and immediately medial to prominent rostral end zygomatic arch
What block is at the rostral approach between roots of canine and pm1
Middle mental
What part of swallowing does the facial nerve contribute?
Oral phase of oropharyngeal
What is the cricopharyngeal sphincter?
Functional sphincter made of thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus
Which cranial nerve do the following? Elevate base of tongue Tongue Pharynx Pharynx, larynx, esophagus
V
XII
IX
X
