Oral Cavity, Pharynx and Salivary Glands

Question 1

structure of oral cavity

Answer 1

sits below nasal
roof = hard/soft palate
floor = soft tissues, tongue
lateral walls = cheek

Question 2

function of oral cavity

Answer 2

take in food/fluid, add saliva, start digestion, chew, taste, protect

Question 3

oral cavity proper vs vestibule

Answer 3

proper = space between teeth
vestibule = space between lips/cheek and dental arches

Question 4

hard palate

Answer 4

palatine rugae, levator veli palatini, tensore veli palatini, palatopharyngeus, musculus uvalae

motor by vagus nerve [TVP by CN V3]
blood supply from greater and lesser palatine [h vs s]

Question 5

tongue

Answer 5

terminal sulcus divides anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3
papillae = furry, grip food, taste buds
midline marked by frenulum of tongue
lingual vein on either side of frenulum

Question 6

tongue muscles function

Answer 6

instrinsic - alter shape
extrinsic - alter postion

Question 7

hyoglossus

Answer 7

depression and retraction of tongue
floor of oral cavity, hyoid bone
lingual nerve/artery here

Question 8

genioglossus

Answer 8

inserts into body of hyoid, entire length
protrusion and depression of tongue
contributes to shape of tongue

Question 9

styloglossus

Answer 9

thin, paired muscle on either side of oropharynx, styloid peocess of temporal bone into lateral tongue
retraction and elevation of tongue

Question 10

palatoglossus

Answer 10

associated with soft palate, inserts broadly along tongue
elevation of posterior tongue

Question 11

nerve supply to the tongue

Answer 11

motor - hypoglossal CN XII, palatoglossus CN X

sensory;
anterior 2/3 - CN V3 lingual nerve
- CN VII chorda tympani taste

posterior 1/3 - general/taste glossopharyngeal CN IX

lingual artery
depp lingual veins

Question 12

blood supply to the palate

Answer 12

hard - greater palatine
soft - lesser palatine

Question 13

nerve supply to the palate

Answer 13

hard - greater palatine
soft - lesser palatine

Question 14

pharynx

Answer 14

fibrous tube, known as throat
passageway for respiration and digestion

Question 15

pharynx structure

Answer 15

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

pharyngeal constrictors - push food bolus, CN X

pharyngeal elevators - lift pharynx to recieve bolus
palatopharyngeus, stylopharyxgeus, salipinopharyngeus

Question 16

tonsils

Answer 16

lymphoid tissue, protective via fighting infections

pharyngeal - nasopharynx
tubal - around tympanic tube in nasopharynx
palatine - in between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches
lingual - posterior 1/3 tongue

Question 17

submandibular gland

Answer 17

along mandible, deep to floor of oral cavity, wraps around mylohyoid
secretion - mixed serous and mucous
blood supply - facial artery
vein - lingual/facial
nerve - facial nerve CN VII [chorda tympani]

Question 18

submandibular duct

Answer 18

between mylohyoid/hyoglossus
enters under tongue, beside base of frenulum
lingual nerve loops under duct

Question 19

sublingual gland

Answer 19

floor of mouth between mandible and hyoglossus, lateral to SMD and lingual nerve
mostly mucous secretions
duct - under tongue beside frenulum/sublingual fold

facial nerve CN VII [chorda tympani]
facial artery
lingual facial.vein

Question 20

secretomtor innervation to SMG and SLG

Answer 20

parasympathetic innervation - secretomotor to produce saliva
preganglionic parasympathetic fibres travle to SM ganglion from chorda tympani via lingual nerve
postganlgionic fibres then travel in lingual nerve to SLG or directly to gland

sympathetic from superior cervical ganglio and nerve plexus on ECA, reuslting in vasoconstriction and reduction in saliva, dry mouth

Question 21

secretomotor innervaiton to glands above oral fissure

Answer 21

• Preganglionic travel to pterygopalatine ganglion in greater petrosal nerve CN VII
• Post ganglionic via palatine nerves

Question 22

minor salivary glands

Answer 22

embedded throughout submucosa of oral cavity
buccal - cheek
palaitne - palate
lingual - tongue
labial - lip

innervated by CN VII and CN V

suceptible due to mucoceles [sweeling due to blockage]

Question 23

parotid gland innervation

Answer 23

glossopharyngeal CN IX, otic ganglion
auriculotemporal nerve from otic ganglion to parotid
paraysmpathetic innervation causes increase of saliva production

Question 24

function of glands

Answer 24

begin digestion
keep mouth moist
lubricate food
help prevent tooth decay
control bacterial flora

types
- serous [amaylase]
- mucous [sialomucins]
- mixed

Question 25

palatopharyngeus

Answer 25

elevator
draws soft palate downwards
vagus nerve

Question 26

stylopharyngeus

Answer 26

elevator
glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX

Question 27

salpingopharyngeus

Answer 27

elevator
from auditory tube, opens tube for equalisation of air pressure during swallowing
CNX

Question 28

palatoglossal arch

Answer 28

located back of throat, connects soft palate with roof of the tongue
contains palatoglossus muscle

Question 29

palatopharyngeal arch

Answer 29

back of mouth, more posterior to palatolgossal arch, joins soft palate with walls of pharynx
contains palatopharyngeus muscle