Oral Cavity, Pharynx and Salivary Glands Flashcards
structure of oral cavity
sits below nasal
roof = hard/soft palate
floor = soft tissues, tongue
lateral walls = cheek
function of oral cavity
take in food/fluid, add saliva, start digestion, chew, taste, protect
oral cavity proper vs vestibule
proper = space between teeth
vestibule = space between lips/cheek and dental arches
hard palate
palatine rugae, levator veli palatini, tensore veli palatini, palatopharyngeus, musculus uvalae
motor by vagus nerve [TVP by CN V3]
blood supply from greater and lesser palatine [h vs s]
tongue
terminal sulcus divides anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3
papillae = furry, grip food, taste buds
midline marked by frenulum of tongue
lingual vein on either side of frenulum
tongue muscles function
instrinsic - alter shape
extrinsic - alter postion
hyoglossus
depression and retraction of tongue
floor of oral cavity, hyoid bone
lingual nerve/artery here
genioglossus
inserts into body of hyoid, entire length
protrusion and depression of tongue
contributes to shape of tongue
styloglossus
thin, paired muscle on either side of oropharynx, styloid peocess of temporal bone into lateral tongue
retraction and elevation of tongue
palatoglossus
associated with soft palate, inserts broadly along tongue
elevation of posterior tongue
nerve supply to the tongue
motor - hypoglossal CN XII, palatoglossus CN X
sensory;
anterior 2/3 - CN V3 lingual nerve
- CN VII chorda tympani taste
posterior 1/3 - general/taste glossopharyngeal CN IX
lingual artery
depp lingual veins
blood supply to the palate
hard - greater palatine
soft - lesser palatine
nerve supply to the palate
hard - greater palatine
soft - lesser palatine
pharynx
fibrous tube, known as throat
passageway for respiration and digestion
pharynx structure
nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
pharyngeal constrictors - push food bolus, CN X
pharyngeal elevators - lift pharynx to recieve bolus
palatopharyngeus, stylopharyxgeus, salipinopharyngeus
tonsils
lymphoid tissue, protective via fighting infections
pharyngeal - nasopharynx
tubal - around tympanic tube in nasopharynx
palatine - in between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches
lingual - posterior 1/3 tongue
submandibular gland
along mandible, deep to floor of oral cavity, wraps around mylohyoid
secretion - mixed serous and mucous
blood supply - facial artery
vein - lingual/facial
nerve - facial nerve CN VII [chorda tympani]
submandibular duct
between mylohyoid/hyoglossus
enters under tongue, beside base of frenulum
lingual nerve loops under duct
sublingual gland
floor of mouth between mandible and hyoglossus, lateral to SMD and lingual nerve
mostly mucous secretions
duct - under tongue beside frenulum/sublingual fold
facial nerve CN VII [chorda tympani]
facial artery
lingual facial.vein
secretomtor innervation to SMG and SLG
parasympathetic innervation - secretomotor to produce saliva
preganglionic parasympathetic fibres travle to SM ganglion from chorda tympani via lingual nerve
postganlgionic fibres then travel in lingual nerve to SLG or directly to gland
sympathetic from superior cervical ganglio and nerve plexus on ECA, reuslting in vasoconstriction and reduction in saliva, dry mouth
secretomotor innervaiton to glands above oral fissure
- Preganglionic travel to pterygopalatine ganglion in greater petrosal nerve CN VII
- Post ganglionic via palatine nerves
minor salivary glands
embedded throughout submucosa of oral cavity
buccal - cheek
palaitne - palate
lingual - tongue
labial - lip
innervated by CN VII and CN V
suceptible due to mucoceles [sweeling due to blockage]
parotid gland innervation
glossopharyngeal CN IX, otic ganglion
auriculotemporal nerve from otic ganglion to parotid
paraysmpathetic innervation causes increase of saliva production
function of glands
begin digestion
keep mouth moist
lubricate food
help prevent tooth decay
control bacterial flora
types
- serous [amaylase]
- mucous [sialomucins]
- mixed
palatopharyngeus
elevator
draws soft palate downwards
vagus nerve
stylopharyngeus
elevator
glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX
salpingopharyngeus
elevator
from auditory tube, opens tube for equalisation of air pressure during swallowing
CNX
palatoglossal arch
located back of throat, connects soft palate with roof of the tongue
contains palatoglossus muscle
palatopharyngeal arch
back of mouth, more posterior to palatolgossal arch, joins soft palate with walls of pharynx
contains palatopharyngeus muscle
