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Anatomy Head And Neck > Oral Cavity and Pharynx > Flashcards

Oral Cavity and Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

the inferior pharyngeal constrictor originates on the:

A

thyroid and cricoid cartilage (pink arrow)

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2
Q

red arrow

A

lesser palatine foramina (often multiple on each side)

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3
Q

green arrow

A

torus tubaris (swoosh!)

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4
Q

green arrow

A

incisive foramen

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5
Q

the hard palate is made up of:

A

maxilla and palatine bones (anterior 2/3 of palate)

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6
Q

extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

genioglossus (green), hyoglossus (blue) , palatoglossus (red) , styloglossus (pink)

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7
Q

the soft palate is made up of:

A

muscles and soft tissue (posterior, 1/3 of palate)

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8
Q

red arrow, branch of?

A

greater palatine nerve, branch of the pterygopalatine ganglion

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9
Q

the submandibular duct emerges from the submandibular gland superior to the ___________

A

mylohyoid (green arrow)

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10
Q

the superior pharyngeal constrictor originates on the:

A

pterygomandibular raphe (blue arrow)

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11
Q

What innervates the mandibular teeth?

A

inferior alveolar nerve, primary branch of CN V3 (mandibular)

(blue arrow)

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12
Q

palatopharyngeus action

A

elevate the pharynx

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13
Q

“open your mouth and say ahhh” checks the function of which muscle? which nerve?

A

uvula pointing to the side means the levator veli palatini not functioning on one side, which is innervated by vagus nerve

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14
Q

the _________ nerve innervates the anterior region of the palate

A

nasopalatine nerve through the incisive foramen

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15
Q

pink arrow

A

tensor veli palatini wrapping around pterygoid hamulus

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16
Q

the uvula points to the ______, which indicates the ______ side of the _______ nerve is damaged

A

right, left, vagus (levator veli palatini)

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17
Q

the lingual vein is ________ to the hyoglossus muscle

A

superficial

(red arrow)

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18
Q

gag reflex sensory:_____, motor:_______

A

sensory: glossopharyngeal CN IX
motor: vagus CN X

(barfing in vegas) (in on 9, out on 10)

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19
Q

green dot

A

submandibular gland

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20
Q

What type of fibers are carried by the greater palatine nerve?

A

parasympathetic fibers to the hard palate

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21
Q

palatoglossus muscle innervation

A

vagus (CN X) palate = Stern’s 2nd law

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22
Q

green arrow, branch of?

A

greater palatine artery, branch of the descending palatine artery, which is a branch of the maxillary artery

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23
Q

blue area

A

oropharynx

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24
Q

the greater palatine artery anastomoses with the:

A

sphenopalatine artery from the nasal cavity

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25
Q

blue arrow, branch of?

A

inferior alveolar nerve, primary branch of CN V3 (mandibular)

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26
Q

blood supply to the inferior aspect of the tongue

A

deep lingual artery

(blue arrow)

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27
Q

palatoglossus origin –> insertion

A

soft palate (red arrow) –> lateral side of posterior tongue (pink arrow)

(green arrow)

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28
Q

red arrow

A

cartilagenous auditory tube

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29
Q

green arrow

A

stylopharyngeus muscle

*(innervated by glossopharyngeal, running through superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors)

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30
Q

blue arrow

A

greater palatine foramen

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31
Q

what travels through the greater palatine foramen?

A

descending palatine artery, greater palatine nerve

(blue arrow)

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32
Q

levator veli palatini action

A

elevate soft palate

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33
Q

muscles that originate on the soft palate

A

palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus

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34
Q

pink arrow

A

submandibular ganglion

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35
Q

red arrow

A

lingual tonsil

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36
Q

pink arrow

A

hypoglossal nerve CN XII

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37
Q

lingual artery is ______ to the hyoglossus

A

deep

(green arrow)

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38
Q

blue dot

A

superior pharyngeal constrictor

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39
Q

Why can drug absorption be used “under” the tongue

A

deep lingual vessels are near the inferior surface of the tongue, which is thinner than the anterior surface (less protected) and the moist environment facilitate drug absorption

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40
Q

the sublingual gland empties via:

A

numerous ducts in sublingual fold (plica)

(green arrows)

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41
Q

red arrow

A

pharyngeal tonsils

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42
Q

red arrow

A

cartilagenous auditory tube

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43
Q

green arrow

A

terminal sulcus

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44
Q

red arrow

A

glossopharyngeal CN IX nerve supplying motor innervation to stylopharyngeus

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45
Q

green arrow

A

stylopharyngeus muscle

*(innervated by glossopharyngeal, running through superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors)

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46
Q

instrinsic muscles of the tongue innervation

A

hypoglossal (CN XII)

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47
Q

muscles that insert on the soft palate

A

tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini

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48
Q

blue line

A

palatopharyngeal arch

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49
Q

green area

A

nasopharynx

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50
Q

green arrow

A

tensor veli palatini

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51
Q

levator veli palatini innervation

A

CN X vagus nerve (palate = Stern’s 2nd law)

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52
Q

which muscle wraps around the pterygoid hamulus

A

tensor veli palatini

(green/pink arrows)

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53
Q

red arrow, what structure is it in?

A

external carotid artery (and terminal branches), parotid gland

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54
Q

red arrow

A

lingual nerve

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55
Q

the adenoids are also known as

A

the pharyngeal tonsils (red arrow)

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56
Q

red arrow

A

salpingopharyngeus

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57
Q

green dot

A

palatine process (maxilla)

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58
Q

green arrow

A

palatopharyngeus

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59
Q

green dot

A

sublingual gland

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60
Q

innervation path to the submandibular and sublingual glands:

A

preganglionic parasympathetic from facial nerve (CN VII) –> hitchhikes on chorda tympani –> hitchhikes on lingual nerve –> synapse in the submandibular ganglion –> postsynaptic parasympathetics hitchhike on lingual nerve (AGAIN) to the glands

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61
Q

light blue area

A

laryngopharynx

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62
Q

intrinsic muscles of the tongue action:

A

fine control of the tongue (curling, twisting, etc.)

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63
Q

alternate name for auditory tube

A

pharyngotympanic tube, eustachian tube

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64
Q

blue dot

A

horizontal plate of the palatine

65
Q

red arrow

A

lingual artery

66
Q

green arrow

A

tensor veli palatini

67
Q

which is more anterior, sublingual gland or submandibular gland?

A

sublingual gland

68
Q

green arrow

A

pterygoid hamulus

69
Q

green arrow

A

Killian’s triangle

70
Q

red arrow

A

palatine tonsil

71
Q

posterior 1/3 innervation of the tongue

A

glossopharyngeal CN IX (sensory and special sensory)

vagus CN X (sensory and special sensory)

CN IX = yellow, CN X = red

72
Q

green arrow

A

palatoglossus muscle

73
Q

What innervates the maxillary teeth?

A

superior alveolar nerves, branches of CN V2

(green arrows)

74
Q

palatopharyngeus origin –> insertion

A

soft palate (red arrow) –> lateral wall of pharynx (light blue arrow)

(blue arrow)

75
Q

the stylopharyngeus muscle dives between the _____ and the _____ at the level of the ______

A

superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors at the level of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue (blue arrow)

76
Q

palatopharyngeus innervation

A

vagus nerve (CN X) palate = Stern’s 2nd Law

77
Q

the middle pharyngeal constrictor originates from:

A

the graeter horn of the hyoid (red arrow)

78
Q

another name for the floor of the oral cavity

A

sublingual fold

79
Q

blue arrow

A

glossopharyngeal CN IX

80
Q

green arrow

A

submandibular duct

81
Q

red arrow

A

palatoglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tongue)

82
Q

blue arrow

A

styloid process

83
Q

the sublingual gland is ______ to the floor of the oral cavity

A

deep

(green dot)

84
Q

blue dot

A

hyoglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tongue)

85
Q

muscle and nerve deficit

A

right genioglossus, right hypoglossal (CN XII)

86
Q

What are the two regions of the oral cavity?

A

oral vestibule (green)

oral cavity proper (blue)

teeth = border

87
Q

blue arrow

A

end of the cartilaginous pharyngotympanic tube (auditory tube)

88
Q

the lingual tonsils are located:

A

on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue (blue arrow)

89
Q

blue arrow

A

levator veli palatini

90
Q

the _______innervates of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue, except for the _______ muscle, which is innervated by _________

A

hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) (gloss = Stern’s 3rd law)

palatoglossus

vagus nerve (CN X) (palate= Stern’s 2nd law)

91
Q

the submandibular duct empties via the

A

sublingual caruncle

(red arrow)

92
Q

the nasopharynx is posterior to the:

A

choanae and soft palate (green area)

93
Q

the greater palatine artery supplies blood to the:

A

hard palate

(green arrow)

94
Q

tensor veli palatini origin –> insertion

A

cartilagenous auditory tube –> side of soft palate

(green arrow)

95
Q

the pharyngeal tonsils are located

A

superoposterior wall of the nasopharynx (red arrow)

96
Q

blue arrow, what structure is it in?

A

retromandibular vein, parotid gland

97
Q

red arrow

A

lingual vein

98
Q

blue arrow

A

deep lingual artery

99
Q

blue arrow

A

chorda tympani

100
Q

red arrow

A

palatine tonsil

101
Q

innervation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

A

sensory: lingual nerve from CN V3

special sensory (taste): chorda tympani, hitchhiking on lingual from facial nerve CN VII

102
Q

pink arrow

A

tensor veli palatini wrapping around the pterygoid hamulus

103
Q

green arrow

A

palatine tonsils

104
Q

green arrow

A

glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX providing sensory to pharynx

105
Q

red dot

A

middle pharyngeal constrictor

106
Q

what is the only nerve of the pharynx not innervated by the vagus nerve? Where does it recieve innervation?

A

stylopharyngeus, glossopharyngeal nerve

107
Q

stylopharyngeus action

A

pharyngeal elevator (blue arrow)

108
Q

blue arrow

A

lingual nerve

109
Q

blue arrow, branch of?

A

lesser palatine artery, branch of descending palatine artery, which is a branch of the maxillary artery

110
Q

green arrow, branch of?

A

lingual artery, branch of external carotid

111
Q

blood supply to the teeth:

A

parallels the nerves, superior and inferior alveolar nerves

112
Q

pink arrow

A

tensor veli palatini

113
Q

What type of fibers are carried on the lesser palatine nerve?

A

parasympathetic fibers to the soft palate

114
Q

light blue arrow

A

soft palate

115
Q

what represents the overlapping region of the tongue

A

valate papilla

(blue arrows)

116
Q

the lesser palatine artery supplies blood to the:

A

soft palate

(blue arrow)

117
Q

blue arrow

A

palatopharyngeus

118
Q

green dot

A

genioglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tongue)

119
Q

blue arrow

A

levator veli palatini

120
Q

the lingual vein (red arrow) runs with which nerve?

A

hypoglossal nerve CN XII

121
Q

green arrows, branches of?

A

superior alveolar nerves, branches of CN V2 (maxillary)

122
Q

the laryngopharynx is posterior to the

A

larynx (light blue area)

123
Q

blue arrow

A

valate papilla

124
Q

pink arrow

A

deep lingual vein

125
Q

which nerve travels from the nasal cavity to the palate through the incisive foramen

A

nasopalatine nerve

126
Q

levator veli palatini origin –> insertion

A

cartilagenous auditory tube –> soft palate

(blue arrow)

127
Q

green area

A

oral vestibule (narrow space between teeth and cheeks/lips)

128
Q

blue arrow

A

stylopharyngeus

129
Q

green arrow

A

hyoglossus muscle

130
Q

lateral pharyngeal space makes a go-between for infection to:

A

danger space, carotid sheath, orbit, cavernous sinus

131
Q

pink arrow, branch of?

A

lesser palatine nerve, branch of pterygopalatine ganglion

132
Q

green arrow

A

pharyngeal raphe

133
Q

muscles of the pharynx are innervated by:

A

vagus CN X

EXCEPT STYLOPHARYNGEUS = GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL

134
Q

blue arrow

A

submandibular duct crossing over the lingual nerve superiorly

135
Q

blue arrow

A

vagus nerve CN X supplying motor innervation to pharynx

136
Q

green line

A

palatoglossal arch

137
Q

tensor veli palatini action

A

tense the soft palate

138
Q

red arrow

A

soft palate

139
Q

blue arrow

A

lingual tonsils

140
Q

blue arrow

A

glossopharyngeal CN IX

141
Q

pink arrow

A

styloglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tongue)

142
Q

sympathetic innervation to the salivary glands

A

lingual artery plexus via external carotid plexus (facial artery plexus contributes to a lesser extent)

143
Q

the palatine tonsils are between the _____ and ______

A

palatoglosseus and palatopharyngeus (green arrow)

144
Q

pink dot

A

inferior pharyngeal constrictor

145
Q

what travels through the lesser palatine foramina?

A

lesser palatine nerve(s)

(red arrow)

146
Q

What is a common site of esophageal diverticulum formation? Why?

A

Killian’s triangle, weak point in pharynx in inferior constrictor due to change in orientaion of muscle fibers

147
Q

palatoglossus action

A

elevate the tongue

148
Q

the pterygomandibular raphe is a connective tissue sheath between _____ and ______

A

superior pharyngeal constrictor and buccinator (blue line)

149
Q

tensor veli palatini innervation

A

CN V3 mandibular nerve (tensor = Stern’s 1st Law)

150
Q

purple area

A

oral cavity proper (interal to the tooth row)

151
Q

the pharyngeal tonsils are also known as

A

adenoids

152
Q

red arrow

A

levator veli palatini

153
Q

palatopharyngeus action

A

pharyngeal elevator (green arrow)

154
Q

light blue arrow

A

soft palate

155
Q

the palatine process is a part of the ______ bone

A

maxilla

156
Q

green arrow, what structure is it in?

A

motor branches of the facial nerve, parotid gland

157
Q

the oropharynx is posterior to the:

A

oral cavity (blue area)

158
Q

blue arrow

A

lingual nerve (postganglionic parasympathetic nerves hitchhike to glands)

Anatomy Head And Neck (13 decks)

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