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Anatomy > oral cavity and pharynx > Flashcards

oral cavity and pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

what does palatine tonsils lie between

A

palatopharyngeal arch and palatoglossal arch

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2
Q

name muscles of palate

A

levator veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
palatopharyngeus
musculus uvulae

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3
Q

what muscles help elevate palate

A

levator veli palatini
tensor veli palatini

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4
Q

what nerve supplies muscles of palate

A

vagus nerve CN X except for tensor veli palatini which is supplied by mandibular nerve CNV3

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5
Q

what provides blood supply to palate

A

external carotid > maxillary artery > descending palatine > greater and lesser palatine
greater palatine supplies hard palate and lesser palatine supplies soft palate

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6
Q

what divides the tongue into the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3

A

terminal sulcus

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7
Q

what can be seen on either side of the frenulum

A

the lingual vein and sublingual folds (submandibular ducts)

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8
Q

extrinsic muscles of tongue and their overall role

A

palatoglossus
styloglossus
hyoglossus
genioglossus
role is to alter position

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9
Q

intrinsic muscles of tongue and their role

A

superior longitudinal
inferior longitudinal
vertical
transverse
septum

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10
Q

role of extrinsic muscles

A

genioglossus - protrudes tongue
styloglossus - elevates tongue and retracts
hyoglossus - depresses the sides of the tongue
palatoglossus - muscle of tongue and soft palate

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11
Q

what vessels travel around hyoglossus

A

the lingual artery from external carotid enters the tongue between hyoglossus and genioglossus muscles
the hypoglossal and lingual nerves enter the tongue on the external surface of the hyoglossus

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12
Q

what motor nerve innervates muscles of tongue

A

hypoglossal CN XII for all except palatoglossus which is vagus CN X

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13
Q

outline nerve supply for anterior 2/3rd of tongue

A

general sensation via mandibular division of trigeminal CN V3
taste via facial nerve CN VII

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14
Q

outline nerve supply for posterior 1/3rd

A

general sensation and taste via glossopharyngeal CN IX

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15
Q

what provides blood supply to tongue

A

lingual artery from external carotid

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16
Q

what provides venous drainage from tongue

A

deep lingual and dorsal lingual veins drain tongue into internal jugular vein

17
Q

what are the tonsils and where are they

A

pharyngeal tonsils - nasopharynx
tubal tonsils - nasopharynx
palatine tonsils - oropharynx
lingual tonsils - posterior third of tongue

18
Q

what holds nasopharynx open

A

pharyngobasilar fascia

19
Q

what nerve supplies the pharyngeal constrictors

A

vagus CN X via pharyngeal plexus

20
Q

what is special about inferior pharyngeal constrictor

A

it has a lower circular cricopharyngeus that forms a sphincter around the upper oesophagus preventing air being drawn into stomach during inhalation

21
Q

what is role of constrictors

A

contract and force food bolus down oesophagus

22
Q

what is role of elevators

A

ensure simultaneous elevation of pharynx and larynx during swallowing

23
Q

name the elevators

A

palatopharyngeus
stylopharyngeus
salpingopharyngeus

24
Q

outline the palatopharyngeus

A

it elevates the pharynx and larynx
also draws soft palate downwards
supplied by vagus CN X

25
Q

outline the stylopharyngeus

A

originates from styloid process
elevates pharynx and larynx
only pharyngeal muscle to be supplied by glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX

26
Q

outline the salpingopharyngeus

A

originates from auditory tube
elevates pharynx and larynx
also helps open auditory tube during swallowing for pressure equalisation in middle ear
supplied by vagus CN X

27
Q

outline the pharyngeal plexus

A

lies over the external pharyngeal wall over middle constrictor and receives branches of CN IX and CN X
the plexus supplies pharyngeal musculature (+ levator palati, palatopharyngeus & palatoglossus

28
Q

gag reflex innervation

A

afferent (sensory) CN IX
efferent (motor) CN X

29
Q

outline pharyngeal sensory supply

A

oropharynx, palatine tonsil, inferior aspect of soft palate and posterior 1/3 of tongue supplied by CN IX
laringopharynx, vallecula and epiglottis supplied by CN X
soft palate anterior CN V2 and posterior CN IX

Anatomy (21 decks)

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