Oral Cavity and Pharynges Flashcards
What is gingivae? What is its function?
Dense connective tissue
Surrounds necks of teeth and covers alveolar processes
What is the hard palate? What is its function?
Anterior 2/3 roof of mouth, bony shelf covered by sense connective tissue and non-keratinized squamous epithelium
Separates oral from nasal cavity
What do the lips form? What are they made of? What is their function
Part of anterior walls of oral cavity
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Close oral cavity during chewing
What are the three large salivary glands?
Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular
What is the soft palate? What is its function?
Formed from skeletal muscle, covered with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium, uvula hangs from it
Posterior 1/3 of roof of mouth
Helps close off opening to nasopharynx when swallowing
Where do teeth project from? What are their function?
Maxillae and mandible
Mastication
What is the tongue composed of? What is its function?
Skeletal muscle (somatic motor) covered by stratified squamous epithelium, surface covered by papillae
Pushes food against palate to turn it into a bolus; detects tastes
- manipulates and mixes ingested material
What are tonsils? What are their function?
Partially encapsulated lymphatic tissue
Detect antigens in swallowed food and drink, initiate immune response if necessary
What is the vestibule? What is its function?
Space between cheek and gums
Space where ingested materials are mixed with saliva and mechanically digested
What does the uvula extend from? What is its function?
From the soft palate, small conical muscular projection
Assists soft palate in closing off entryway to nasopharynx when swallowing
What closes off the opening of the nasopharynx when swallowing?
soft palate and uluva elevate
What are fauces? What are they bounded by?
Opening between the oral cavity and the oropharynx
Paired muscular folds:
- ant= glossopalatine arch
- post= pharyngopalatine arch
innervated by CN X
What is the lingual frenulum?
Attaches inferior surface of tongue to the floor of the oral cavity
Where can you find lingual tonsils?
Posterior surface of the tongue
What innervates the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual salivary glands?
Parotid= glossopharnygeal parasympathetic stimulates salivary secretions
Submandibular and sublingual= facial n. via chorda tympani parasympathetic
What sympathetically stimulates mucus secretion?
Cervical ganglia
Mucus only secreted by submandibular and sublingual not parotid
Where is the parotid gland found? What does its duct open up into?
overlying the masseter muscles, ant. and inf. to the ear
Oral vestibule next to the second upper molar
What gland produces the most saliva? Where does it duct open up into?
Submandibular
Each gland opens through a papilla in the floor of the mouth on the lateral sides of the lingual frenulum
Where do the sublingual glands open onto?
The inferior surface of the oral cavity, posterior to the submandibullar duct papilla
contribute the smallest amount of saliva
What are the functions of saliva?
Moisten ingested food (makes it easier to turn into bollus)
Cleanses the oral cavity
First step in chemical digestion, amylase breaks down carbs
Lysozyme= antibody/antibacterial to inhibit bacterial growth in oral cavity
Watery medium for dissolved food so taste receptors can be stimulated
What are the parts of the tooth?
Crown, constricted neck, and one or more roots that anchor it to the jaw
Where do the roots of teeth sit?
Tightly in the dental alveoli= sockets within alveolar processes of the maxillae and mandible
Why is important to maintain the health of the periodontal ligament?
Need that tension, if you don’t have that tension then lose a layer of alveolar bone
What artery, nerve, and vein can be found in the root canal of a tooth?
Interior alveolar a. n. and v. coming from apical foramen
