Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology > Oral cavity > Flashcards

Oral cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Common superficial hyperemic, shallow mucosal ulceration covered by thin exudate and rimmed by narrow zone of erythema 40% pop
Painful recurrent usually first two decades of life
Assoc with celiac, IBD, behcet’s
Resolve spontaneously in 7-10d

A

Aphthous ulcer canker sore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most common oral fungal infection
Normal oral flora

May be pseudomembranous (thrush), erythematous and hyperplastic

Arise from altered oral microbiota, immunosuppresion

A

Oral candidiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Submucosal nodular fibrous tissue mass formed due to chronic irritation resulting in reactive CT hyperplasia
Occur on buccal mucosa along the bite line

Tx: excision

A

Fibroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pedunculated mass on gingiva of children, young adult and pregnant
Richly vascular, ulcerated red to purple
Dense proliferation of immature vessels similar in granulation tissue

Tx: excision

A

Pyogenic granuloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

White patch or plaque that cannot be scraped off
5-25% premalignant becoming SCC
Precancerous

A

Leukoplakia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Red, velvety eroded flat or depressed area relative to surrounding mucosa
Greater risk of malignant transformation
40-70 years M 2:1

A

Erythroplakia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Most common rf for leukoplakia and erythroplakia

A

Smoking

But multifactorial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hyperkeratosis over thickened acanthotic orderly mucosal lesion
Marked dysplasia merging with carcinoma-in-situ
Lymphocyte and mac infiltration

A

Leukoplakiap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

95% of cancers in oral cavity
6th mc neoplasm
Additional primary tumor linked to “field cancerization”
Raised, firm pearly plaque irregular, roughened verrucous mucosal thickening developing from dysplastic precursor
Well-differentiated keratinizing neoplasm to anaplastic sarcomatoid tumor

A

SCC of oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Oral SCC two distinct pathways

A

1 TP53, P63 and NOTCH I mutations (alcohol, betel nut and smoking)
2 HPV-16 associated overexpress p16 kinase inh (tonsillar, base of tongue)

HPV + tumors have better prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most common location of oral SCC

A 
ventral surface of tongue
floor of mouth
lower lip
soft palate
gingiva
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

SCC most common site of metastasis

Infiltrates before metastizing

A

cervical LN
mediastinal LN
lungs
Iiver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ulceration and induration

Numerous nests and islands of malignant keratinocyte invading underyling connective tissue stroma

A

oral scc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dry mouth
20% in >70 yrs
Major feature of Sjogren (dry eyes) and also from radiation, anticholinergics, antidepressant, antipsychotic, diuretic, antiHTN
dry mucosa, atrophy of papillae of tongue, fissuring and ulceration
inflammatory enlargement of salivary glands
Inc dental caries, candidiasis, dysphagia

A

Xerostomia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Inflammation of salivary glands by trauma, virus, bacteria, autoimmune
Mc: mumps

A

Sialadenitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Most common inflamm lesion of salivary gland from blockage or rupture of salivary duct and saliva leak to CT stroma
Toddler, young adult, aged fluctuant swelling of lower lip
Cystlike lined by inflamm granulation, fibrous CT filled with mucin, inflamm cell mac
Tx: excision

A

Mucocele

17
Q

Infects submandibular gland by staph and strep viridans
Antecedent to infection: sialolithiasis
Long term phenothiazine therapy suppresing saliva

A

Bacterial sialadenitis

18
Q

65-80% arise in parotid
15-30% in parotid are malignant
70-90% sublingual tumors are malignant
40% submand 50% minor are malignant

A

Malignant salivary gland tumor is inversely proportional to the size of gland

19
Q

Most common benign salivary gland tumor

A 
Pleomorphic adenoma 50%
Warthin tumor 5% 
Oncocytoma
Cystadenoma
Basal cell adenoma
20
Q

Most common malignant salivary gland tumor

A 
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma 15%
Acinic cell carcinoma 6% 
Adenocarcinoma 6% 
Adenoid cystic carcinoma 4%
Malignant mixed tumor 3%
21
Q

Painless, slow-growing mobile discrete mass
60% of tumors in parotid
May contain myxoid, hyaline, chondroid, osseous (mesenchymal) or epithelial

Recur 25% if not completely excised

Also called

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

Mixed tumor

22
Q

Pleomorphic adenomas overexpress tf

A

PLAG1

23
Q

Transformation of pleomorphic to carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma

If present for 5 years

If present for 15 years

A

2%

10%

Most aggressive of salivary tumor

24
Q

Heterogenous
Epithelial cell resembling ductal acini, irregular tubules, strands dispered with mesenchymal bg of loose myxoid tissue containing chondroid

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

25
Q

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is assoc with chromosome rearrangement of

A

MAML2 gene encoding signaling protein Notch pathway

26
Q

Cords, sheets, cysts lined by squamous mucus or intermediate cell
Latter is hybrid cell type with both squamous features and mucus filled vacuoles detected with mucin stain

Low grade invade locally recur in 15% but rarely metastasize and afford 5 yr survival of 90%
High grade invasive difficult excision
recur in 25-30%

A

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

27
Q

Epithelial and mesenchymal

Squamous and mucous

A

Pleomorphic

Mucoepidermoid

28
Q

Cyst around crown of unerupted tooth resulting from degeneration of dental follicle
Unilocular lesion assoc with impacted third molar (wisdom)
Stratified squamous assoc with dense chronic inflammatory infiltrate within CT

Tx: curative

A

dentigerous cyst

29
Q

Occur in 10-40 years
Male, posterior mandible
Locally aggressive high recurrence rate
Well defined unilocular multilocular radiolucency
Thin layer of parakeratinized or orthokeratinized stratified squamous epi with basal cell layer and corrugated epithelial surface

Tx: removal

A

Odontogenic keratocyst

30
Q

Odontogenic keratocyst occur in nevoid basal cell carcinoma

A

Gorlin syndrome

31
Q

Inflammatory lesions on tooth apex from long-standing pulpitis by caries
Periapical granuloma

Tx: removal and restoration of tooth

A

Periapical cyst

32
Q

Odontogenic epithelium without chondroid or serous differentiation
Slow growing cystic locally invasive indolent

A

Ameloblastoma

33
Q

Most common type of odontogenic tumor from epithelium extensive deposition of enamel and dentin

Tx: excision

A

Odontoma

Pathology (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions