Oral Cavity

Question 1

Caries

Answer 1

caused by acidic metabolites

• they’re just cavities
• fluoroapatite is resistant to degradation by bacterial acids

Question 2

gingivitis

Answer 2

inflammation of oral mucosa surrounding the teeth

• it is a reversible disease
• most prevalent and severe in adolescence

Question 3

periodontitis

Answer 3

affects the supporting structures of the teeth, alveolar bone, and cementum

• periodontal ligament
• gram + organisms= healthy
• Gram-= bad.

Question 4

apthous ulcers

Answer 4

• common, recurrent, painful oral mucosal ulcerations of unkown etiology
• Behcet disease?
• at first, infiltrate is mononuclear, then is becomes leukocytic
• resolves in 7-10 days

Question 5

fibrous proliferative lesions

Answer 5

pyogenic granuloma and irritation fibroma

Question 6

pyogenic granuloma

Answer 6

gingiva of children, yound adults, and PREGNANT WOMEN

• red to purple
• high vascularization, but they’re fine

Question 7

irritation fibroma .

Answer 7

traumatic fibroma

-reactive proliferation caused by repetitive trauma

Question 8

HSV1 and 2

Answer 8

• oralfacial herpetic infections are HSV1 usually
• 2-4 yrs of age
• primarily presents on the gingiva
• intranuclear vial inclusions
• Tzanck test
• virus treks along the regional nerves… settles in trigeminal ganglion

Question 9

Oral Candidiasis

Answer 9

• Candida albicans: normal component of oral flora
• most common fungal infection in oral cavity
• white thing that can readily be scraped off

Question 10

Deep fungal infections

Answer 10

histo cock blast! remember?!

Question 11

Hairy leukoplakia

Answer 11

• EBV (also causes nasopharyngeal carcinoma
• immunocompromised
• white patches on the side of the tongue that cannot be scraped off
• hyperparakaratosis and acanthosis with”balloon cells” in the upper spinous layer
• superimposed candida infection leads to “hairiness”

Question 12

Leukoplakia

Answer 12

White patch that cannot be scraped off and cannot be characterized as any other disease

• until proven otherwise, these are premalignant (25%)
• tongue, floor of mouth, palate

Question 13

Erythroplakia

Answer 13

much less common

• red and velvety
• higher malignant transformation
• vascular dilation makes it red

Question 14

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Answer 14

95% of cancers of the head and neck

• usually tobacco
• in oropharynx, 70% of SCCs caused by HPV-16 (base of tongue)
• second primary tumors are the most common cause of death
• mutated p53
• HPV related overexpress p16 (CDKI)
• floor of mouth, lower lip, tongue
• metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes

Question 15

Odontogenic cysts and tumors

Answer 15

from remnants of odontogenic epithelium present within the jaws

• epithelial-lined cyst in the jaws
• dentigerous cyst
• odontogenic keratocyst
• periapical cyst
• ameloblastoma
• odontoma

Question 16

dentigerous cyst

Answer 16

• originates fromcrown of an unerupted tooth
• associated wtih impactd third molar wisdom teeth
• lined by thin layer of startified squamous eptihelium

Question 17

odontogenic keratocyst

Answer 17

OKC

• aggressive
• males
• posterior mandible
• comes back a lot b/c it’s locally invasive
• pts should be evaluated for nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome= Gorlin syndrome
• -tumor suppressor PTCH problems

Question 18

periapical cyst

Answer 18

found at apex of the teeth

• radicular cyst
• bacteria presence or other irritating agents cause it

Question 19

ameloblastoma

Answer 19

shows no ectomesenchymal differentiation

-slow growing and indolent

Question 20

odontoma

Answer 20

• shows extensive depositions of enamel and dentin

- most common type of odontogenic tumor