Oral Cavity Flashcards
The tongue is divided into left and right halves by
It’s parts and surfaces
Median sulcus
Oral
Oropharynx
Root
Dorsal
Ventral
The dorsal surface I’d divided into ___ by
Ant. 2/3
Pst.1/3
Sulcus terminalis
Sulcus terminalis faces backwards and is marked by a pit called
foramen cecum
The ant. 2/3 is rough contain 3 different kinds of papillae called
And it’s cover in thin mucosa
Filliforn– no tastebud
Fungiform
Folaite
Vallate
Xteristic of the pst. 1/3
Contains no papillae
It shows nodular surface due to underlying lymphatic nodules and tonsils
Arrange the papillae base on its position
Vallate– arranged in v shape In front of the terminalis sulcus
At the lateral side of the tongue close to the base is–foliate
Filliform– at the center close to the midline & sensitive to touch
Fungiform–at the tip(apex)
The inf. /ventral surface of the tongue is connected to the mouth by?
Frenulum of the tongue
Lat. To the frenulum is the deep lingual vein and lat. To it is a mucosa fold called
Plica fimbriata
In general what’s the function of the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles
In general, extrinsic muscles alter the position of the
tongue, and intrinsic muscles alter its shape
List the intrinsic muscles
What’s the xteristic of the intrinsic muscle?
4
Sup. Longitudinal
Inf. Longitudinal
Tranvese
Vertical muscles
It’s confined to the tongue i.e no bony attachment
List the extrinsic muscles
What’s the xteristic of the extrinsic muscle?
4
Palatoglossus
Genioglosus
Hypoglosus
Styloglosus
Connects the tongue to other supporting structures like hard, soft palate and bones(mandible styloid process, hyoid bone)
The four intrinsic and four extrinsic
muscles in each half of the tongue are separated by a
median fibrous lingual
septum
What muscles are responsible for the following movements
1. Protrusion
2. Retraction
3. Elevation
4. Depression
- Genioglosus
- Stylo and hyo glossus
- Stylo and palato glossus
- Genio and hyo glossus
What motor nerve innervate the tongue
Both intrinsic & extrinsic receives motor innervation from CN XII the hypoglossal nerve
Except palatoglossus muscle by pharyngeal plexus
What sensory nerve innervate the tongue
Ant. 2/3
General sensation of the ant. 2/3 is by lingual nerve
For special sense of the ant. 2/3 is by chorda tympani ( taste fibers
from CN VII)
Pst. 1/3 & Base
For general and special is glossopharyngeal nerve
Arteries and veins of the tongue
Lingual A(Dorasal) supplies the root of the tongue and Palatine tonsil
Deep Lingual A supplies the body of the tongue
Sublingual A supplies the floor of the mouth and sublingual gland
Deep lingual vein located @ the apex drains pst. to sublingual V and then to inferior jugular vein
Lymphatic drainage of the tongue
Ant. 2/3
Submandibular and Deep cervical nodes
Pst. 1/3 Deep cervical nodes( jugulodigasric mainly)
What’s the medical term for tongue tied and what causes it?
Ankilogosia due to large frenulum
During angina pectoris drugs like nitroglycerin is sprayed underneath the tongue for sublingual absorption
What nerves are responsible for gag reflex
Vagus (X) and glossopharyngeal N (IX)
The hard palate is formed by
And bounded by
Palatine processes of the maxilla at the front
Horizontally by plates of Palatine bones
Alveolar arch
The undersurface of the hard palate is covered by
Mucoperiosteom
What part of the hard palate has incisive foramen
Directly behind the central incisors at the ant. Midline
A route for nasoplalatine nerve
What are the composition of the soft palate
Mucos membrane (covers the upper and lower surfaces)
Palatine aponeurosis
Muscles
What are the muscles of the soft palate
Tensor veli palatini
Levator veli palatini
Musculus uvulae
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus
ACTIONS OF SOFT PALATE MUSCLES
READ
Features of the Palatine aponeurosis
Fibrous sheath attached to Pat. Part of hard palate
It’s the expanded tendon of tensor veli palatini muscle
What’s the motor nerve supply for the soft palate
Supplied by pharyngeal plexus except tensor veli palatini
Tensor veli palatini = mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
Sensory innervation of the soft palate
Glossopharyngeal nerve supplies the soft palate
What’s the blood supply to the palates
Branches of the maxillary artery
Greater and lesser Palatine artery, Sphenopalatine A
Ascending Palatine branch of facial artery
Ascending pharyngeal of the external carotid artery
What are the four main salivary gland
Major– 2 Parotid and 2 Submandibular gland
Minor– Sublingual and Multiple minor gland
What’s the largest salivary gland
Parotid gland
The parotid gland is mostly of _____ acini
Serous
What’s the secretorymotor nervation to the parotid gland
Parasympathetic secretorymotor nervation arises from glossopharyngeal N
What’s the route of the glossopharyngeal nerve to the parotid gland
Via tympanic branch–lesser petrosal N–Otic ganglion— Auriculotemporal Nerve
What are the structures within the parotid gland
Maxillary A&V, Superficial temporal A&V,
Facial N, Mandibular, Buccal, cervical, Temporal, Z ygomatic branch
The submandibular gland consists of ____ type of acini
Serous and mucous acini
What’s the position of the submandibular gland
It lies below the lower boder of the mandible divided into superficial and deep by the mylohyoid muscle
What’s the arterial supply to the submandibular gland
Submental artery
What’s the secretorymotor innervation to the submandibular gland
Parasympathetic secretorymotor innervation is from the facial nerve
Via chorda tympani– submandibular ganglion
What’s the features of the sublingual gland
It’s the smallest and mist deeply situated
Each is almond shape lying btw the mandible on the floor of the mouth
Arterial supply to the sublingual gland
And innervation
Sublingual and submental artery
Same as submandibular
There are about how many minor salivary gland and how are they distributed
450
Mucosa of the lip
Cheeks
Palate
Floor of the mouth
Oropharynx
Larynx
Trachea
The parotid gland, the largest, receives
parasympathetic innervation from ____ via
CN IX via otic ganglion
• The
submandibular and sublingual glands receive parasympathetic innervation
from_____ via
. Their ducts open into the oral cavity under the
tongue.
CN VII by way of the chorda tympani nerve, lingual nerve, and
submandibular ganglion
Calculus formation is common at what salivary gland
Submandibular
Frey’s syndrome is as a result of?
Damage to auriculotemporal and great aricular nerve
There are how many deciduous teeths
And their classification
20
4 canine
4 incisors
2 molar
The deciduous teeth begin to appear at what age and finish what age
6 months
2 Y
Lower appear b4 upper
There are how many permanent teeths
And their classification
32
6 molar
4 premolar
4 incisors
2 canine
The permanent teeth begin to appear at what age and finish what age
6 Y
Last teeth is the 3 molar @ 17-30
The vestibular surface (labial or
buccal) of each tooth is directed_____, and the lingual surface is directed
________
outwardly
inwardly
The root of the teeth is fixed to the socket by _____
Periodontium
____ part of the tooth contains the blood vessels and connective T and nerves
Pulp cavity
What transmits BV and nerves to and fro from the pulp cavity via
Pulp canal/root canal
Via apical foramen
The tooth socket are located in the _____ spaces of the maxilla and mandible
Alveolar spaces
Apical foramen– Root canal– Pulp cavity
Coverings, Cement– Dentine– Enamel
What’s the blood supply to the teeth
Veins and lymphatic drainage
The Sup. Branch of Maxillary Artery supplies Maxillary Teeth
The Inf. Branch of Maxillary artery supplies Mandibular Teeth
Alveolar Vein has the same name
Lymph of the tooth and gum drains into Submandibular Lymph Node
Read up on innervation
