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H&N > Nose > Flashcards

Nose Flashcards

1
Q

The functions of the nose includes

A

olfaction (smelling), respiration
(breathing), filtration of dust, humidification of inspired air, and reception and
elimination of secretions from the paranasal sinuses and nasolacrimal ducts

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2
Q

The main
components of the nasal septum are .

A

the the ethmoid,
the vomer, and the septal cartilage

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3
Q

The bony part of the nose consists of the

A

nasal bones,
frontal processes of the maxillae,
the nasal part of the frontal bone and its nasal spine,
and the bony parts of the nasal septum.

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4
Q

The cartilaginous part of the
nose consists of five main cartilages:

A

two lateral cartilages,
Two alar cartilages,
and one septal cartilage

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5
Q

The _____cartilages are free and movable

A

The U-shaped alar cartilages are free and movable

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6
Q

The
septum broadly consist of ___&___part.

A

bony part and a soft mobile cartilaginous part.

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7
Q

The nasal septim main components are

A

The vomer, ethmoid bone and septal cartilage

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8
Q

_____ lines the nasal cavity, except for the nasal vestibule, which is
lined with _____

A

Mucosa
Skin

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9
Q

All the muscles attached to the external part of the nose is innervated by

A

Facial nerve

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10
Q

The superior concha is small and anterior to the
_____,

A

sphenoidal sinus

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11
Q

and the middle concha has an angled inferior
border and ends inferior to the sphenoidal sinus

A
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12
Q

The inferior two thirds of the nasal
mucosa is the ______ and the superior one third is the ____

A

respiratory area,
olfactory area

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13
Q

What are the boundaries of the nose

A

The Roof: Narrow and formed by forntonasal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal

Floor:Palatine process of the maxilla

Medial: nasal septum

Lat: nasal concha

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14
Q

The nasal cavity is therefore divided into five passages which are?

A

A posterosuperiorly placed spheno-ethmoidal recess
Three laterally located nasal
meatus (superior, middle, and inferior), and
A medially placed common nasal
meatus into which the four lateral passages open.

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15
Q

The middle and superior conchae are medial processes of the __ bone.

A

ethmoid

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16
Q

The _____ concha is the
longest and broadest of the conchae and is formed by an independent bone (of
the same name,

A

inferior concha

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17
Q

The spheno-ethmoidal recess, lying ____ to the superior concha,

A

superoposterior

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18
Q

Which of the nasal meatus is longest and broader?

A

The middle

19
Q

The anterosuperior part of ______ nasal meatus leads
into a funnel-shaped opening, the ethmoidal infundibulum through which it communicates with the frontal sinus

A

Middle meatus

20
Q

frontonasal duct runs from

A

The frontal sinus to ethmoidal infrondibulum to middle meatus

21
Q

The bulla is formed by_____ that
form the ethmoidal sinuses.

A

middle ethmoidal cells

22
Q

What’s the blood supply to the nose

A

The skin of the external nose receives arterial supply from branches of the ••maxillary and ••ophthalmic arteries

The septum and alar cartilages receive additional supply from the
•angular artery and ••lateral nasal artery. These are both branches of the facial artery

23
Q

The nasal cavity extends from the ___ to______and has three divisions:

A

vestibule of the nose to the nasopharynx,

Vestibule
Respiratory region
Olfactory region

24
Q

What’s nasal concha

A

These are curved shelves of bone projecting at the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

25
Q

Functions of concha

A

increase the surface area of the nasal cavity
They also disrupt the fast, laminar flow of the air, making it slow and turbulent
The air spends longer in the nasal cavity, so that it can be humidified.

26
Q

___,____,___sinuses open into the middle meatus.

A

The frontal, maxillary and anterior ethmoidal

27
Q

The posterior ethmoidal sinuses open out at the level of the ____& meatus.
The middle ethmoidal sinuses empty out onto

A

superior meatus
ethmoidal bulla.

28
Q

The only structure not to empty out onto the lateral walls of the nasal cavity is the ________. It drains onto the ______.

A

sphenoid sinus
posterior roof

29
Q

In addition to the paranasal sinuses, other structures open into the nasal cavity are?
Function
And they empty into

A

Nasolacrimal duct – acts to drain tears from the eye. It opens into the inferior meatus.

Auditory (Eustachian) tube – opens into the nasopharynx at the level of the inferior meatus. It allows the middle ear to equalise with the atmospheric air pressure.

30
Q

What’s incisive canal
And function

A

incisive canal is a pathway between the nasal cavity and the incisive fossa of the oral cavity.

It transmits the nasopalatine nerve and greater palatine artery.

31
Q

The nose receives blood from both the internal and external carotid artery

A
32
Q

Internal carotid branches of the nose

A

Anterior ethmoidal artery
Posterior ethmoidal artery

Both branches of ophthalmic artery

33
Q

Externall carotid branches of the nose

A

Sphenopalatine artery
Greater palatine artery
Superior labial artery
Lateral nasal arteries

34
Q

The innervation of the nose can be functionally divided into ____&____innervation

A

special: olfactory
and
General sensory innervation to the septum and lateral walls is delivered by thenasopalatine nerve(branch of maxillary nerve) and thenasociliary nerve(branch of the ophthalmic nerve).

35
Q

The paranasal sinuses are formed during development by the nasal cavity eroding into the surrounding bones

A
36
Q

List the para nasal sinuses

A

2 Frontal (most superior)
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Maxillary sinuses

37
Q

Frontal sinus Drainage is via the____

A

frontonasal duct

38
Q

Sphenoid Sinuses open into the nasal cavity via

A

spheno-ethmoidal recess.

39
Q

There are ____ ethmoidal sinuses and they open into

A

3
Ant. Into middle meatus
Mid. Into middle
Pst. Into superior meatus

40
Q

Among the para nasal sinuses which is largest

A

Maxillary sinus

41
Q

Maxillary sinus is a potential pathway for spread of infection

A
42
Q

Which of the sinus can be used to access the pituitary gland

A

Sphenoid sinus

43
Q

Inflammation of the maxillary sinus can cause toothache

A
44
Q

Muscle of the nose

A

procerus : originates in the fascia overlying the nasal bone and lateral nasal cartilage, inserting into the inferior forehead. Contraction can depress the medial eyebrows, and wrinkles the skin of the superior dorsum.

The transverse portion of the nasalis muscle assists the procerus muscle in this action

H&N (8 decks)

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