ORAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

Question 1

the teeth of both jaws are held in by bony sockets by their periodontal ligaments. what bone forms the sockets?

Answer 1

Alveolar process

Question 2

what main constituents of saliva acts as a buffering agent?

Answer 2

Inorganic Ions

Question 3

Patient complains of a ‘numb’ sensation in the anterior two-thirds of the right side of his tounge, after previously going surgical removal of the lower right third-molar tooth. what nerve is most likely to have been damaged during the surgical procedure?

Answer 3

Lingual nerve

Question 4

What is the most powerful muscle during mastication?

Answer 4

Masseter

Question 5

What nerve transmits taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tounge?

Answer 5

Hypoglossal nerve

Question 6

The lower first permanent molar teeth are amongst the first of the secondary dentition to erupt. what is the correct arrangements of their roots in the mandible?

Answer 6

Mesial and Distal

Question 7

Patient attends for the extraction of the lower right second premolar tooth, to ensure a painless procedure, the dentist must anaesthetise what combination of nerves?

Answer 7

Lingual and mental nerves

Question 8

What bony plates forms the base of the posterior part of the cranium?

Answer 8

occipital bone

Question 9

The periodontal ligament is composed of a protein called collagen, which gives the structure strength and resistance to tearing during mastication. what cell type is responsible for the formation of collagen?

Answer 9

Fibroblasts

Question 10

what cell type forms dentine?

Answer 10

odontoblast

Question 11

what muscle of mastication contracts to allow the movement of the jaw from side to side?

Answer 11

lateral pterygoid

Question 12

Patient attends for the extraction of the upper right canine tooth, which is labially placed and now periodontally involved. to esure a painless procedure is carried out. the dentist must anaesthetise what pair of nerves?

Answer 12

Anterior superior dental and nasopalatine nerves

Question 13

What is the most likely average age of eruption for upper lateral insicors

Answer 13

8-9 years

Question 14

The mandible forms the horseshoe-shaped lower jaw of the oral cavity, and articulates with the temporal bone of the skull at a certain anatomical structure to form the temporomandibular joint. what is the most likely name of this anatomical structure?

Answer 14

condyle

Question 15

in muscles of mastication, what nerve has a motor branch that provides their innervation?

Answer 15

Mandibular

Question 16

Food bolus is prevented from passing into the nasal cavity during swallowing by the action of what anatomical structure?

Answer 16

soft palate

Question 17

the largest of the salivary glands secrets it contents into the oral cavity by what method?

Answer 17

through stenson’s duct

Question 18

what anatomical structure protects the inferior dental nerve from damage before it enters the mandible?

Answer 18

Lingula

Question 19

Patient attends for restoration of the lower left first molar tooth, and the tooth is fractures buccally. to ensure a painless procedure, the dentist must anaesthetise what pair of nerves?

Answer 19

inferior dental and long buccal nerves

Question 20

the roots of the upper second molar teeth are arranged in the maxilla according to what?

Answer 20

palatal, mesiobuccal and distobuccal

Question 21

what cell type is responsible for formation of enamel?

Answer 21

Ameloblast

Question 22

What is the anatomical reference for the point at which the two bones fuse together?

Answer 22

Mental symphysis

Question 23

Patient attends for the removal of hyperplastic gingivae overlying the upper right molar teeth, the dentist must anaesthetise what pair of nerves?

Answer 23

middle and posterior superior dental nerves

Question 24

a branch of the mandibular division runs from the inner surface of the ramus of the mandible and then over the external oblique ridge to supply the surrounding gingivae. what is the name of this branch?

Answer 24

long buccal nerve

Question 25

what is the most likely average age for premolar eruption?

Answer 25

9-11 years

Question 26

the internal bone structures of the nasal cavity is specifically adapted to ensure that inspired air is warmed, by passing over the rich capillary beds lining what?

Answer 26

Turbinates

Question 27

What muscle, which has its points of insertion on the coronoid process, is responsible for jaw closing?

Answer 27

temporalis

Question 28

what nerve tansmits messages to the paratoid salivary glands, to effect its secretory action?

Answer 28

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 29

the anterior superior dental nerve enters the skull through what formina?

Answer 29

infraorbital foramen

Question 30

What muscle, whcih has its points of origin on the outer surface of the zygomatic arch, is responsible for jaw closing?

Answer 30

Masseter

Question 31

What covers the point at which the enamel and cementum normally meet?

Answer 31

Junctional epithelium

Question 32

The sublingual and submandibular gland lie in the floor of the mouth, in close proximity to the tounge. they are seperated from eachother anatomically by what muscle?

Answer 32

Mylohyoid