GENERAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

Question 1

What blood vessel delivers oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?

Answer 1

pulmonary vein

Question 2

Liver is a large and an accessory organ of the digestive system and includes what function?

Answer 2

Clotting factor production

Question 3

What is the approximate amount of carbon dioxide in expired air?

Answer 3

4%

Question 4

What is the term for ‘food moved through the digestive tract by action of its smooth muscle walls, these act rhythmically to create a wave-like movement along the guy that carries the food mass along’?

Answer 4

Peristalsis

Question 5

‘The uptake of air into the blood, and the removal of carbon dioxide from the blood to the air’ where does this gaseous exchange occur?

Answer 5

Alveoli

Question 6

An anatomical feature found specifically in larger veins prevents the Backflow of blood?

Answer 6

Valves

Question 7

Patient is taking salbutamol, which condition is the patient most likely to have?

Answer 7

Asthma

Question 8

Patient domains of a sore tongue, dentist diagnoses xerostomia, what medication is most likely to be associated with this condition?

Answer 8

Diuretic

Question 9

What is the approximate amount of oxygen in expired air?

Answer 9

4%

Question 10

A medication taken by a patient will eventually break down and be excreted, what condition is most likely to affect this detoxification process?

Answer 10

Liver disease

Question 11

Patient is taking long term steroids and suffers from ulcerative colitis. What area of the digestive system is most likely to be affected by this condition?

Answer 11

Large intestine

Question 12

What is the term for ‘oxygen transported from the lungs to the heart and then around the body’?

Answer 12

Erythrocytes

Question 13

When swallowing, the bolus of food is moved from the mouth into the throat by action of the tongue Muscles, once beyond the mouth, the bolus of food is prevented from being inhaled instead of swallowed by an anatomical feature that seals the trachea, what is this reffered to?

Answer 13

Epiglottis

Question 14

Carbon dioxide is transported front the cells to the heart and then to the lungs for the removal from the body during extirpation. What is the means by which this is achieved?

Answer 14

Plasma

Question 15

Patient diagnosed with type II diabetes and prescribed metformin. What is health problem may be caused by this condition?

Answer 15

Poor wound healing

Question 16

What condition is most likely to occur when electrical activity is in the nervous system becomes suddenly disorganised?

Answer 16

Grand mal

Question 17

What medical condition must be ruled out before proceeding with endodontic treatment?

Answer 17

Latex allergy

Question 18

What blood vessel is most likely to become blocked if the (deep vein) thrombus becomes dislodged?

Answer 18

pulmonary artery

Question 19

What pair of cranial nerves, is of most relevance to the inner structures of the oral cavity?

Answer 19

V and XII

Question 20

Patient is diagnosed with cirrhosis, what organ is most likely to become affected by this condition?

Answer 20

Liver

Question 21

Where does the pancreas lie?

Answer 21

Upper abdominal cavity near the stomach

Question 22

Pancreas has many important functions except which one of the following?

Answer 22

A) BILE PRODUCTION 
B) carbohydrate digestion 
C) fat digestion 
D) insulin production 
E) protein digestion

Question 23

What is the most likely affect that bronchitis has on the bronchi?

Answer 23

Inflammation

Question 24

Some patients develop blood clots, these clots may eventually break free and pass throughout the circulation. What is the most likely event when the clot becomes lodged in a cranial blood vessel?

Answer 24

Stroke

Question 25

Patient contracted hepatitis B, what condition is most likely to develop due to this infection?

Answer 25

Liver carcinoma

Question 26

Patient carries an international normalised ratio (INR) card. what medical condition does the patient have?

Answer 26

Stroke

Question 27

What is the name of the anatomical hole through which the spinal cord passs

Answer 27

Foranem magnum

Question 28

Patient suffers from gastric refulx and has been prescribed omeprazole. what oral health problems may be caused by this condition?

Answer 28

Erosion

Question 29

In some patients, the (coronary arteries) blood vessels may become partially blocked by fatty deposits within the arteries themselves. what symptoms is a patient with (angina) this condition most likely to experience?

Answer 29

Pain on exertion

Question 30

Patient suffers from type II diabetes, what organ is dysfunctional in patient with this condition?

Answer 30

Pancreas

Question 31

Patient has been diagnosed with osteoarthiritis, affecting her wrists, shoulders and neck. what oral health problems may be caused by this condition?

Answer 31

Poor oral hygiene

Question 32

What is classed as an endocrine gland?

Answer 32

Pancreas

Question 33

During minor oral surgery procedures the patient is most likely to experience bleeding at the surgical site. what condition would not cause concern in this instance?

Answer 33

Angina

Question 34

What medication is most likely to require the use of a non-adrenaline local anaesthetic?

Answer 34

Thyroxine

Question 35

Patient suffers from bronchial asthma. what is the most likely affect that this condition has on the bronchi?

Answer 35

Hypersensitivity response

Question 36

An anatomical feature found specifically in larger arteries prevents the backflow of blood. what feature is the one reffered to?

Answer 36

Thick elastic layer

Question 37

Patient is allergic to penicillin, what medication is most appropriate for this patient?

Answer 37

Erythromyin

Question 38

Patient has been prescribed glyceryl trinitrate. what medical condition is the patient most likely to suffer from?

Answer 38

Angina

Question 39

An anatomical feature found specifically in capillaries allows rapid gaseous exchange to occur. what feature is the one reffered to?

Answer 39

Thin endothelium

Question 40

The heart is situated in the thoracic cavity, it recieves deoxygenated blood from the head and neck region to the right atrium. what is the vessel through which this occurs?

Answer 40

Superior vena carva

Question 41

Patient has just had their tooth extracted and been given the necessary post-operative advice. what analgesics is the patient advised to avoid after this procedure?

Answer 41

Aspirin

Question 42

Patients upper leeft insicor teeth fractured at the gingival margin, following a car accident. what medical condition would persuade the dentist to reccomend extraction rather than root canal therapy in or to avoid bacteraemia?

Answer 42

valvular heart disease

Question 43

What medical condition is most likely to affect the oral cavity?

Answer 43

diabetes

Question 44

Erythrocytes are disc-shaped cells that contain no nucleus, so they cannot divide and replace themselves as other cells do. what anatomical structure is where this occurs?

Answer 44

Bone marrow

Question 45

Trachea transports air from the throat to the vronchi, the trachea is prevented from collapsing during breathing movement by the presence of what anatomical feature?

Answer 45

cartilage rings