GENERAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Flashcards
What blood vessel delivers oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?
pulmonary vein
Liver is a large and an accessory organ of the digestive system and includes what function?
Clotting factor production
What is the approximate amount of carbon dioxide in expired air?
4%
What is the term for ‘food moved through the digestive tract by action of its smooth muscle walls, these act rhythmically to create a wave-like movement along the guy that carries the food mass along’?
Peristalsis
‘The uptake of air into the blood, and the removal of carbon dioxide from the blood to the air’ where does this gaseous exchange occur?
Alveoli
An anatomical feature found specifically in larger veins prevents the Backflow of blood?
Valves
Patient is taking salbutamol, which condition is the patient most likely to have?
Asthma
Patient domains of a sore tongue, dentist diagnoses xerostomia, what medication is most likely to be associated with this condition?
Diuretic
What is the approximate amount of oxygen in expired air?
4%
A medication taken by a patient will eventually break down and be excreted, what condition is most likely to affect this detoxification process?
Liver disease
Patient is taking long term steroids and suffers from ulcerative colitis. What area of the digestive system is most likely to be affected by this condition?
Large intestine
What is the term for ‘oxygen transported from the lungs to the heart and then around the body’?
Erythrocytes
When swallowing, the bolus of food is moved from the mouth into the throat by action of the tongue Muscles, once beyond the mouth, the bolus of food is prevented from being inhaled instead of swallowed by an anatomical feature that seals the trachea, what is this reffered to?
Epiglottis
Carbon dioxide is transported front the cells to the heart and then to the lungs for the removal from the body during extirpation. What is the means by which this is achieved?
Plasma
Patient diagnosed with type II diabetes and prescribed metformin. What is health problem may be caused by this condition?
Poor wound healing
What condition is most likely to occur when electrical activity is in the nervous system becomes suddenly disorganised?
Grand mal
What medical condition must be ruled out before proceeding with endodontic treatment?
Latex allergy
What blood vessel is most likely to become blocked if the (deep vein) thrombus becomes dislodged?
pulmonary artery
What pair of cranial nerves, is of most relevance to the inner structures of the oral cavity?
V and XII
Patient is diagnosed with cirrhosis, what organ is most likely to become affected by this condition?
Liver
Where does the pancreas lie?
Upper abdominal cavity near the stomach
Pancreas has many important functions except which one of the following?
A) BILE PRODUCTION B) carbohydrate digestion C) fat digestion D) insulin production E) protein digestion
What is the most likely affect that bronchitis has on the bronchi?
Inflammation
Some patients develop blood clots, these clots may eventually break free and pass throughout the circulation. What is the most likely event when the clot becomes lodged in a cranial blood vessel?
Stroke
Patient contracted hepatitis B, what condition is most likely to develop due to this infection?
Liver carcinoma
Patient carries an international normalised ratio (INR) card. what medical condition does the patient have?
Stroke
What is the name of the anatomical hole through which the spinal cord passs
Foranem magnum
Patient suffers from gastric refulx and has been prescribed omeprazole. what oral health problems may be caused by this condition?
Erosion
In some patients, the (coronary arteries) blood vessels may become partially blocked by fatty deposits within the arteries themselves. what symptoms is a patient with (angina) this condition most likely to experience?
Pain on exertion
Patient suffers from type II diabetes, what organ is dysfunctional in patient with this condition?
Pancreas
Patient has been diagnosed with osteoarthiritis, affecting her wrists, shoulders and neck. what oral health problems may be caused by this condition?
Poor oral hygiene
What is classed as an endocrine gland?
Pancreas
During minor oral surgery procedures the patient is most likely to experience bleeding at the surgical site. what condition would not cause concern in this instance?
Angina
What medication is most likely to require the use of a non-adrenaline local anaesthetic?
Thyroxine
Patient suffers from bronchial asthma. what is the most likely affect that this condition has on the bronchi?
Hypersensitivity response
An anatomical feature found specifically in larger arteries prevents the backflow of blood. what feature is the one reffered to?
Thick elastic layer
Patient is allergic to penicillin, what medication is most appropriate for this patient?
Erythromyin
Patient has been prescribed glyceryl trinitrate. what medical condition is the patient most likely to suffer from?
Angina
An anatomical feature found specifically in capillaries allows rapid gaseous exchange to occur. what feature is the one reffered to?
Thin endothelium
The heart is situated in the thoracic cavity, it recieves deoxygenated blood from the head and neck region to the right atrium. what is the vessel through which this occurs?
Superior vena carva
Patient has just had their tooth extracted and been given the necessary post-operative advice. what analgesics is the patient advised to avoid after this procedure?
Aspirin
Patients upper leeft insicor teeth fractured at the gingival margin, following a car accident. what medical condition would persuade the dentist to reccomend extraction rather than root canal therapy in or to avoid bacteraemia?
valvular heart disease
What medical condition is most likely to affect the oral cavity?
diabetes
Erythrocytes are disc-shaped cells that contain no nucleus, so they cannot divide and replace themselves as other cells do. what anatomical structure is where this occurs?
Bone marrow
Trachea transports air from the throat to the vronchi, the trachea is prevented from collapsing during breathing movement by the presence of what anatomical feature?
cartilage rings
