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PART 1 > Optics > Flashcards

Optics Flashcards

1
Q

Visible light lies between _nm and _nm

A

400 to 780 nm

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2
Q

UV - A is mainly absorbed by

A

lens

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3
Q

UV _ and UV _ are absorbed by

A

cornea and sclers

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4
Q

Light is perceived by three population of photoreceptors in the retina which are sensitive to light of ___, ___, ____

A

short - blue
middle - green
long red

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5
Q

Absence of green cone function

A

deuteranopia

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6
Q

Absence of blue cone function

A

protanopia

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7
Q

Absence of red cone function

A

tritanopia

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8
Q

Shift in spectral sensitvity of green cone function

A

deuternaomaly

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9
Q

shift in spectral sensitivity of blue cone function

A

protanomaly

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10
Q

shift in spectral sensitivity of red cone function

A

tritanolay

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11
Q

Red and green pigment is coded for on ___ chromosome

A

X chromosome

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12
Q

Blue pigment coded for on ___ chromosome

A

Chromosome 7

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13
Q

Acquired optic nerve disease leads to ________ colour defect with the excpetion of glaucoma and autosomal dominant optic neuropathy

A

red green

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14
Q

Glaucoma and autosomal dominant optic neuropathy can cause ___ colour defect

A

blue yellow

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15
Q

Acquired retinal disease tends to cause ___ colour fecet excep cone and Stargardt’s disease

A

red green

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16
Q

What is most comprehensive method of testing colour vision

A

Farnsowrth Munsell hue 100

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17
Q

Ishihara specifically tests for ____ defects

A

red green

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18
Q

Fluroscein is excited by ___ light of ____nm

A

blur light of 465-490 nm

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19
Q

FLuroscein emits _____ light of ____ nm

A

yellow green light of 520-530nm

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20
Q

______ occurs where there is an overlap in spectral transmission of excitation and barrier filters

A

pseudoautoflurosence

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21
Q

ICG aborbs ____nm and emits ____ nm ____ radiation

A

absorbs 805 nm and emits 835 nm infrared radiation

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22
Q

ICG is useful to see

A

choroid neovascularisation

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23
Q

Light waves in phase are called ____

A

coherent

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24
Q

light waves out of pahse are called ____

A

incoherent

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25
Q

destructive intereference occerns where in the eye

A

stroma of cornea

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26
Q

how is destructive interference eliminated in the stroma

A

spacing of the collagen bundles in the stroma

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27
Q

When light passes through a circular aperature, a circular ____ patternis producted

A

diffraction

28
Q

The bright central disc in circular diffraction is called

A

Airy disc

29
Q

What causes greater diffraction, smaller or larger aperatures

A

smaller

30
Q

VEPs are electrical responses generated in the ___ cortex

A

occipital cortex

31
Q

The phenomena of incident unpolarised light split into two polarised beam traveling in different directions is called

A

Birefringence

32
Q

Normal steroacuity is ___ second of arc

A

60

33
Q

Name 4 tests for steroacuity

A

Titmus, TNO, Lang, Frisby

34
Q

The amount of light falling on a surface is called

A

irradiance

35
Q

The anterior surface of the cornea acts as a concave/convex

A

convex mirror

36
Q

when light enters a denser medium, the bean deviates ___ the normal

A

towards

37
Q

refractive index of air

A

1.0

38
Q

refractive index of water

A

1.33

39
Q

refractive index of cornea

A

1.37

40
Q

refractive index of lens

A

1.38-1.40

41
Q

refractive index of crown glass

A

1.52

42
Q

refractive index of flint glass

A

1.6

43
Q

Convex mirror causes light to ___ is n2>n1

A

converge

44
Q

convex mirror causes light to __ if n1>n2

A

diverge

45
Q

what is the crtical angle for the tear film/air interface

A

48.5 degrees

46
Q

a prism of one prism dioptre produces linear apparent fisplacem __ cm of an object at _ m

A

1cm of an object at 1 m

47
Q

1 prism dioptre produces and angle of appparent deviation of ___

A

0.5 degrees

48
Q

4PD test measures

A

small esotrpia/microtropia

49
Q

in the 4PD test prism is placed base in or base out

A

base out

50
Q

Right angle prism causes how much deviation

A

90 degrees

51
Q

Porro prism causes how much deviation

A

180 degees, image inverted but not transposed

52
Q

Dove prism causes how much deviation

A

No deviation, image inverted but not laterally transposed

53
Q

convex lens causes convergence/divergence of incident light

A

convergence

54
Q

concave lens causes convergence/divergence of incident light

A

divergence

55
Q

green light of focimeter is used to eliminate

A

chromatic abberation

56
Q

In the duochrome test the myopic eye see which colour background better

A
57
Q

In the duochrome test the myopic eye see which colour background better

A

red

58
Q

In the duochrome test the hypermetrorpic eye see which colour background better

A

green

59
Q

the anterior corneal surface if ______ periphally than teh centre

A

peripherally

60
Q

Iris reduces what type of abberation

A

spherical abbertaion

61
Q

optimal pupil size is

A

2-2.5mm

62
Q

Reintal cone are more sensitive to ligt whihc enters the eye paraxially compared to oblique light is called what effect

A

Stiles Crawford effect

63
Q

what type of lens causes barrel distortion

A

concave

64
Q

what type of lens causes pin cushion distortion

A

convex

65
Q

coma results from what type of abberation

A

spherical abberation

66
Q

long or short wavelnghts are diffracted more

A

long

67
Q

the sky is blue because

A

scatter higher freuqency is scattered more than lower frequency

PART 1 (10 decks)

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