Optics Flashcards

1
Q

Visible light lies between _nm and _nm

A

400 to 780 nm

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2
Q

UV - A is mainly absorbed by

A

lens

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3
Q

UV _ and UV _ are absorbed by

A

cornea and sclers

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4
Q

Light is perceived by three population of photoreceptors in the retina which are sensitive to light of ___, ___, ____

A

short - blue
middle - green
long red

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5
Q

Absence of green cone function

A

deuteranopia

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6
Q

Absence of blue cone function

A

protanopia

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7
Q

Absence of red cone function

A

tritanopia

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8
Q

Shift in spectral sensitvity of green cone function

A

deuternaomaly

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9
Q

shift in spectral sensitivity of blue cone function

A

protanomaly

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10
Q

shift in spectral sensitivity of red cone function

A

tritanolay

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11
Q

Red and green pigment is coded for on ___ chromosome

A

X chromosome

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12
Q

Blue pigment coded for on ___ chromosome

A

Chromosome 7

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13
Q

Acquired optic nerve disease leads to ________ colour defect with the excpetion of glaucoma and autosomal dominant optic neuropathy

A

red green

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14
Q

Glaucoma and autosomal dominant optic neuropathy can cause ___ colour defect

A

blue yellow

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15
Q

Acquired retinal disease tends to cause ___ colour fecet excep cone and Stargardt’s disease

A

red green

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16
Q

What is most comprehensive method of testing colour vision

A

Farnsowrth Munsell hue 100

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17
Q

Ishihara specifically tests for ____ defects

A

red green

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18
Q

Fluroscein is excited by ___ light of ____nm

A

blur light of 465-490 nm

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19
Q

FLuroscein emits _____ light of ____ nm

A

yellow green light of 520-530nm

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20
Q

______ occurs where there is an overlap in spectral transmission of excitation and barrier filters

A

pseudoautoflurosence

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21
Q

ICG aborbs ____nm and emits ____ nm ____ radiation

A

absorbs 805 nm and emits 835 nm infrared radiation

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22
Q

ICG is useful to see

A

choroid neovascularisation

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23
Q

Light waves in phase are called ____

A

coherent

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24
Q

light waves out of pahse are called ____

A

incoherent

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25
destructive intereference occerns where in the eye
stroma of cornea
26
how is destructive interference eliminated in the stroma
spacing of the collagen bundles in the stroma
27
When light passes through a circular aperature, a circular ____ patternis producted
diffraction
28
The bright central disc in circular diffraction is called
Airy disc
29
What causes greater diffraction, smaller or larger aperatures
smaller
30
VEPs are electrical responses generated in the ___ cortex
occipital cortex
31
The phenomena of incident unpolarised light split into two polarised beam traveling in different directions is called
Birefringence
32
Normal steroacuity is ___ second of arc
60
33
Name 4 tests for steroacuity
Titmus, TNO, Lang, Frisby
34
The amount of light falling on a surface is called
irradiance
35
The anterior surface of the cornea acts as a concave/convex
convex mirror
36
when light enters a denser medium, the bean deviates ___ the normal
towards
37
refractive index of air
1.0
38
refractive index of water
1.33
39
refractive index of cornea
1.37
40
refractive index of lens
1.38-1.40
41
refractive index of crown glass
1.52
42
refractive index of flint glass
1.6
43
Convex mirror causes light to ___ is n2>n1
converge
44
convex mirror causes light to __ if n1>n2
diverge
45
what is the crtical angle for the tear film/air interface
48.5 degrees
46
a prism of one prism dioptre produces linear apparent fisplacem __ cm of an object at _ m
1cm of an object at 1 m
47
1 prism dioptre produces and angle of appparent deviation of ___
0.5 degrees
48
4PD test measures
small esotrpia/microtropia
49
in the 4PD test prism is placed base in or base out
base out
50
Right angle prism causes how much deviation
90 degrees
51
Porro prism causes how much deviation
180 degees, image inverted but not transposed
52
Dove prism causes how much deviation
No deviation, image inverted but not laterally transposed
53
convex lens causes convergence/divergence of incident light
convergence
54
concave lens causes convergence/divergence of incident light
divergence
55
green light of focimeter is used to eliminate
chromatic abberation
56
In the duochrome test the myopic eye see which colour background better
57
In the duochrome test the myopic eye see which colour background better
red
58
In the duochrome test the hypermetrorpic eye see which colour background better
green
59
the anterior corneal surface if ______ periphally than teh centre
peripherally
60
Iris reduces what type of abberation
spherical abbertaion
61
optimal pupil size is
2-2.5mm
62
Reintal cone are more sensitive to ligt whihc enters the eye paraxially compared to oblique light is called what effect
Stiles Crawford effect
63
what type of lens causes barrel distortion
concave
64
what type of lens causes pin cushion distortion
convex
65
coma results from what type of abberation
spherical abberation
66
long or short wavelnghts are diffracted more
long
67
the sky is blue because
scatter higher freuqency is scattered more than lower frequency