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PART 1 > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

shortest most direct path the optic nerve is along which wall

A

medial wall

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2
Q

which channels in the medial wall of the orbit facilitate the spread of infection from ethmoid sinus into orbit

A

emissary channels

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3
Q

___ wing of the ____ bone houses the optic canal

A

lesser wing of sphenoid

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4
Q

infraorbital hypoesthesia suggests impigement of which nerve

A

infraorbital nerve

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5
Q

what contains the infraorbital nerve

A

infraorbital groove

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6
Q

retrobulbar optic neuritis causes pain with eye movement because the ___ & ____ rectus muscles are adjacent to the annulus optic nerve sheath at the ____ _ ____

A

retrobulbar optic neuritis causes pain with eye movement because the superior & medial rectus muscles are adjacent to the annulus optic nerve sheath at the Annulus of Zinn

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7
Q

volume of bony orbit

A

30ml

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8
Q

Orbit is ____ shaped and the ___ ___ represents the stem

A

Orbit is __pear__ shaped and the optic nerve represents the stem

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9
Q

Orbitan entrance height and width in mm

A

height 35mm
width 45 mm

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10
Q

widest park of orbital apex is where

A

1 cm behind the anterior orbital margin

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11
Q

depth of orbit in mm

A

40-45mm

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12
Q

name the 7 bones that make up the bony orbit

A

Many Friendly Zebras Enjoy Lazy Summer Picnics
Maxillary
Frontal
Zygomatic
Ethmoid
Lacrima
Sphenoid (greater and lesser wings)
Palatine

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13
Q

Orbital roof formed of

A

Orbital plate of frontal bone
lesser wing of sphenoid bone

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14
Q

Where does the lacrimal gland reside

A

orbtial roof anterolaterally behind the zygomatic process of the frontal bone

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15
Q

Medial wall of orbit formed from

A

Frontal process of maxillary
lacrimal
orbital plate of ethmoid
lesser wing of sphenoid

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16
Q

Fossa for lacrimal sac is formed by

A

frontal process of maxillary bone and lacrimal bone

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17
Q

the lacrimal fossa is continuous with the ____ canal which extends into the ____ ______

A

the lacrimal fossa is continuous with the nasolacrimal canal which extends into the inferior meatus

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18
Q

most common site of fracture following blunt trauma

A

lamina papyracea

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19
Q

floor of orbit is also roof of ____ ____

A

floor of orbit is also roof of maxillary sinus

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20
Q

orbital bones of orbital floor

A

orbital plate of maxillary
palatine
orbital plate of zygomatic

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21
Q

Infraorbital nerve is ____ division of ______ nerve

A

Infraorbital nerve is maxillary division of trigeminal nerve

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22
Q

The floor of orbit slopes posterior to anterior how many degrees

A

20

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23
Q

Thickest and strongest orbital wall

A

lateral

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24
Q

Lateral obrital wall bones

A

Zygomatic and greater wing of sphenoid

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25
Whitnall tubercle is elevation of which bone
zygomatic
26
where does the whitnall tubercle lie in relation to frontozygomatic suture
11mm below
27
Name 4 structures that attach to Whitnall ligament
Check ligament of LR Lockwook suspensory ligament lateral canthal tendon lateral horn of levator aponeurosis
28
Which foramen is the entry point to optic canal
optic foramen
29
Optic foramen leads from _____ _____ ____ to _____ __ _____
Optic foramen leads from middle cranial fossa apex of orbit
30
Optic canal contains
Ophthalmic artery Optic nerve and sympathetic fibres from carotid plexus
31
Supraorbital nerve is extension of ____ nerve, branch of the ____ division of CN _
Supraorbital nerve is extension of frontal nerve, branch of the ophthalmic division of CN V
32
Supraorbital foramen transmits
supraorbital nerve
33
The nasolacrimal duct travels inferiorly from ______ ___ _____ into_______ ______
The nasolacrimal duct travels inferiorly from lacrimal sac fossa into inferior meatus
34
The lateral wall of each orbits forms and angle of ___ with the medial lane
45 degrees
35
Ciliary ganglion contains 3 roots which are ?
sensory motor sympathetic
36
Sensory root of ciliary ganglion arises from the _______ branch of CN _
Sensory root of ciliary ganglion arises from the nasocilairy branch of CN V1
37
The sensory root of the ciliary ganglion contains sensory fibres from which structures of the eye
cornea, iris and ciliary body
38
Motor root of ciliary ganglion arises from ______ division of CN _
Motor root of ciliary ganglion arises from inferior division of CN III
39
Motor root of ciliary ganglion carries ______ fibres from ________ nucleus
Motor root of ciliary ganglion carries preganglioninc parasympathetic fibres fibres from Edinger Westphal nucleus
40
Fibres of motor root synapse in the ciliary ganglion and postganglionic fibres carry parasympathetic axons to suppy the ____ ______
FIbres of motor root synapse in the ciliary ganglion and postganglionic fibres carry parasympathetic axons to supply the iris sphincter
41
Which fibres synapse in the ciliary ganglion
parasympathetic fibres
42
Where do short ciliary nerves arise from?
Ciliary ganglion
43
The long ciliary nerves arise from ____ branch of CN _
The long ciliary nerves arise from nasociliary branch of CN V1
44
Long ciliary nerves are sensory or motor?
sensory
45
Short ciliary nerve are sensory or motor?
both
46
which EOM originate from Annulus of Zinn
MR LR IR SR
47
Where does inferior oblique originate
depression on orbital floor near orbital rim
48
where does superior obliqu originate from
medial to optic froamen between annulis of Zinn and periorbita
49
MR inserts __ mm from limbus
MR inserts 5.5 mm from limbus
50
IR inserts __ mm from limbus
IR inserts 6.5 mm from limbus
51
LR inserts __ mm from limbus
LR inserts 6.9 mm from limbus
52
SR inserts __ mm from limbus
SR inserts 7.7 mm from limbus
53
LPS originates from
lesser wing of sphenoid
54
Superior orbital tendon gives rise to which muscles
superior rectus and portions of lateral and medial
55
Inferior orbtial tendon gives rise to which muscles
inferior recuts and portions of medial and lateral
56
which muscle does not orignate from orbital apex
inferior oblique
57
In EOM the ration of nerve fibres: muscle fibres is
1:3 - 1:5
58
In EOM the ration of nerve fibres: muscle fibres is high or low compared to skeletal
high
59
Fibres of EOM are mixture of ?
slow tonic fibres and fast twitch type fibres
60
Slow tonic fibres are useful for ____ _____ movements
smooth pursuit
61
Fast twitch fibres are useful for ___ ____ movements
rapid saccading
62
slow tonic type fibres have __ ____ nerve endings
en grappe
63
fast twitch fibres have __ ____ nerve endings
en plaque
64
Blood suppy of EOM
Anterior ciliary arteries ( branc of ophthlamic artery)
65
Hoe is blood drained in the eye
vortex veins
66
Which parts of the eye do vortex veins drain
choroid, ciliary body and iris
67
muscles (2) responsible of elevation of upper eyelid
levator palpebrae superioirs and Muller
68
Name the layers of the eyelid from skin inwards
Skin Orbicularis Orbital septum Orbital fat muscles of retraction - LPS /Muller tarsus conj
69
What are the 3 parts of the orbicularis muscle
orbital preseptal and pretarsal
70
___ punctum is located more medially
upper
71
name the modified sebaceous glands in the eyelid margin
glands of zeis
72
what are the apocrine sweat glands in the lid margin
glands of Moll
73
name 2 accessory lacrimal glands and what they secrete
Krausse and Wolfring, aqueous
74
WHat do goblet cells secrete
mucus
75
what do Meibomian glands secrete
oil
76
CN _ innvervates orbicularis oculi
CN VII
77
Which part of the orbicularis oculi is under only voluntary control
orbital
78
LPS orginates from ?
lesser wing of sphenoid
79
Innervation of LPS
CN III
80
Innervation of Mullers
sympathetic nervous sysstem
81
conjuntiva is _____ _____ _______ epithelium
conjuntiva is non kratinized stratified squamous epithelium
82
Eyelid vasculature is an anastamosis of ____ & _____ carotid arteries
external and internal
83
Facial system blood supply arises from
external carotid artery
84
orbital sysmte blood supply orignates from
internal carotid artery
85
Name the 2 groups of lymphatics in the eyelids
medial and lateral groups
86
Medial lymphatic vessels drain into
submandibular lymph nodes
87
Lateral lymphatic vessels drain into
superficial preauricular lymph nodes
88
Where is the lacrimal gland located
shallow depression in the orbital part of the frontal bone
89
What are the 2 lobes of the lacrimal gland
palpebral and orbital
90
Which lobe of the lacrimal gland is bigger
orbital
91
What type of gland is the lacrimal gland
exocrine
92
what are the 2 cell types of the lacrimal gland
glandular epithelial which line the lumen myoepithelial which surround the parenchyma and covered by a basement membrae
93
Lacrimal secretions contain immunoglobulin _?
immunoglobulin A
94
Blood supply of lacrimal gland
Lacrimal arter - branch of ophthalmic artery
95
Accessory lacrimal glands of Krause and WOlfring account for approx __ % of total lacrimal secretory mass
10%
96
diameted of lacrimal puncta
0.3mm
97
Distance of inferior punctum from inner canthus
6.5mm
98
distance of superior punctume to inner canthus
6mm
99
Persistent membrane over the ___ _ ___ is associated with tearing and discharge in NLDO
Persistent membrane over the valve of Hasner is associated with tearing and discharge in NLDO
100
How are tears driven down the canalicular system with blinking
fibres of the tarsal orbic surround the canalicular system and lacrimal sac
101
What are the 3 geographical zones of the conjunctiva
Palpebral (tarsal) Forniceal Bulbar
102
Bulbar conj fuses with ____ as it inserts into limbus
Tenons capsule
103
Blood supply of bulbar conj
anterioir ciliary artery
104
Blood supply of palebral conj
marginal arcades of eyelids
105
Innervation of conj
CN V
106
conj consists of _______ _____ ____ epithelium
conj consists of non keratnized stratified squamous epithelium
107
Thickness of conjunctival epithelium
2-5 cells
108
Basal cells of conj epithelium are
cuboidal
109
The tenon capsule fuses posteriorly with
optic nerve shealth
110
tenon capsule fuses anteriorly with
intermuscular seputm which is 3mm behind the limbus
111
where is the tenon capsule the thickest
equator of the blobe
112
Muscles penetrate the tenon capsule __ mm posterior to their insertions
10mm
113
medial periocular tissue drains into which lymphnodes?
submandibular
114
lateral periocular tissue drains into which lymphnodes?
superficial periauricular

PART 1 (10 decks)

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