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Neuro-Malloy > Optic Disc Evaluation > Flashcards

Optic Disc Evaluation Flashcards

1
Q

Glaucoma has pseudopallor where? What bundles are affected?

A

Vertically

Arcuate bundles

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2
Q

Optic Tract lesions have pallor where on the OD?

A

Bowtie/Band pallor

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3
Q

Compression of ON can cause what 2 types of pallor?

A
  • diffuse pallor

- temporal pallor

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4
Q

Ischemia shows what type of pallor? What bundles are affected?

A
  • wedge pallor (inferiorly or superiorly)

- affects arcuate bundle

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5
Q

Pallored discs can be caused by what 5 things?

A
  1. Optic atrophy
  2. Myopia
  3. Aphakia
  4. ON hypoplasia
  5. ON drusen
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6
Q

Pallor can only occur at lesions where in the tract?

A

Anterior to the LGN

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7
Q

Ascending Optic atrophy (w/in eye) is caused by what 5 things?

A
  1. Papillitis
  2. Chronic Atrophic Papilledema
  3. Periarteritis
  4. CRAO
  5. AION
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8
Q

Descending Optic atrophy (behind eye) is caused by what 5 things?

A
  1. Retrobulbar disease
  2. Optic Neuritis
  3. Toxic
  4. Trauma
  5. Compression
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9
Q

Optochoroidal shunts dilate in response to ? What do they connect?

A
  • Chronic obstruction of CRV

- Connect choroid & retinal circulation

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10
Q

What 5 things can cause optochoroidal shunt vessels?

A
  1. Chronic Atrophic Pap.
  2. ON -omas
  3. CRVO
  4. Glaucoma
  5. Sphenoid wing meningioma
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11
Q

Retinal vascular shunts go from __ to __ while retinal collaterals go from __ to __, vice versa:

A 
shunts = A-V
Collaterals = A-A, V,V
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12
Q

What is the work-up for non-glaucomatous optic neuropathy?

A
  1. Lab testing
  2. NeuroImaging
  3. Carotid Doppler
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13
Q

What lab tests are used for inflammation?

A

ESR and CRP

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14
Q

What lab test is used for autoimmune testing?

A

ANA w/ reflex titer

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15
Q

What lab test is used for Sarcoid?

A

ACE

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16
Q

What lab tests are used for syphillis ?

A

RPR, FTA-ABS

17
Q

What lab tests are used for nutritional evaluation?

A
  1. Vitamin B12
  2. Folic Acid
  3. Methylmalonic Acid
  4. Homocysteine
18
Q

What test is used for malignancy?

A

SPEP (Serum Protein Electophoresis)

19
Q

What are the normals for vitamin B12?

A

> 5.4

20
Q

What is the normal for folic acid?

A

200-1100

21
Q

What is the normal for homocysteine?

A

<= 13.9

22
Q

If MMA and homocysteine are elevated, what type of deficiency?

A

Vit B12 Def

23
Q

If MMA normal and Homocysteine elevated, what type of deficiency?

A

Folate def.

24
Q

In papilledema, one must have an ICP greater than ?

A

200-250 mmH20

25
Q

What are the causes of hypoplastic optic discs?

A
  1. Idiopathic
  2. Toxemia of Pregnancy
  3. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
  4. CMV
  5. Drugs
26
Q

Hypoplastic discs are aassociated with what 3 hormonal issues?

A
  1. GH deficiency
  2. Hypothyroidism
  3. Hyperprolactinemia
27
Q

What are the 5 sxs of papilledema?

A
  1. HA
  2. Nausea
  3. Pulsatile Tinnitus
  4. Horizontal diplopia
  5. Vomiting
28
Q

This type of papilledema results in segmental swelling of the disc that will progress

A

Incipient papilledema

- follows ISNT rule

29
Q

What is the main distinguishing feature of hypoplastic disc?

A

Double ring

30
Q

If a patient has a bilateral hypoplastic disc, what needs to be done?

A

Immediate work up

31
Q

De Morsier Syndrome is associated with what 3 things?

A
  1. Bilateral hypoplastic discs
  2. Absence of Septum Pellucidum
  3. Agenesis of Corpus Callosum

Neuro-Malloy (16 decks)

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