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Neuro-Malloy > Neuro-Imaging > Flashcards

Neuro-Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 most important sections to view the orbit?

A

Axial, Coronal

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2
Q

CT scans focuses on what?

A

Tissue density

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3
Q

MRI focus on what?

A

Tissue signal intensity

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4
Q

On a CT scan, an isodense area will be what color? What does this represent?

A
  • isodense = gray

- represents brain tissue

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5
Q

On a CT scan, a hypodense area will be what color? What does this represent?

A
  • hypodense = black

- represents air, CSF, fat

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6
Q

On a CT scan, a hyperdense area will be what color? What does this represent?

A
  • hyperdense = white

- represents hemorrhage, Calcium, Metal, Bone, Iodine

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7
Q

A CT scan is good for looking at what 2 things due to trauma?

A

Bone and Blood

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8
Q

What test is helpful to detect nerve sheath meningiomas, r/o fractures, subdural and subarachnoid hematomas, skull fractures, sinusitis, etc?

A

CT scan

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9
Q

What to sections are only available in a CT scan?

A

Axial and coronal

- no sagittal sections

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10
Q

What are the advantages of a CT scan?

A
  1. Cheaper
  2. No weight limits
  3. Meningiomas
  4. Rapid
  5. Readily available
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11
Q

CT scans are contraindicated in what 2 persons?

A

Pregnant women and children

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12
Q

A CT scan with contrast is contraindicated in what 3 persons?

A
  1. Bronchial Asthma
  2. DM
  3. Kidney disease
  4. Iodine allergy
  5. Previous rxn
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13
Q

What must you order for a patient prior to doing CT with contrast?

A

Check BUN/creatinine levels

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14
Q

A CTA scan looks at what?

A

Arteries (contrast is necessary)

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15
Q

This type of test is used to define anatomic details, vascular malformations, aneurysms and vascularized tumors.

A

CT contrast enhancement

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16
Q

A CTA is used to look for what 3 things?

A
  1. Aneurymsms
  2. Stenosis
  3. Arterial Venous Malformation (AVMs)
17
Q

An MRI is good for looking at what 2 things?

A
  1. Anatomy

2. Soft Tissue

18
Q

Is there radiation exposure associated with an MRI? CT scan?

A
  1. MRI = no

2. CT = yes, ionizing radiation

19
Q

What are the contraindicatios for MRI use?

A
  1. Pacemakers
  2. Anything metal
  3. Claustrophobia
  4. Weight limitations
  5. Medication patches
  6. Previous allergy to contrast medium
20
Q

In a T1 weighted MRI, what color will the CSF/vitreous be?

A

Black/Dark

21
Q

In a T2 weighted MRI, what color will the CSF/Vitreous be?

A

White/Bright

22
Q

A T2 weighted image has a pulse repetition time ____ than 1000 msecs and is good for viewing what?

A
  • Greater than 1000 msec

- Good for seeing pathology (H20/edema)

23
Q

A T1 weighted image has a pulse repetition time ____ than 1000 msecs and is good for viewing what?

A
  • less than 1000 msecs

- good for viewing anatomy

24
Q

Which type of MRI can only be used with contrast?

A

T1

25
Q

What type of imaging would you do to look at periventricular white changes found in MS?

A

MRI FLAIR

26
Q

What type of imaging would be used to diagnose acute infarcts?

A

MRI- DWI

27
Q

What do you use in conjunction with a DWI to determine if it’s a true stroke or T2 shine through?

A

ADC - Apparent Diffusion coefficient

28
Q

What type of imaging is best to view blood? Why?

A

MRI- Gradient Echo (GRE)

- because every stage of blood is black in a GRE

29
Q

What type of imaging would be used to view microaneurysms, small blood vessels and large vascular structures in the brain?

A

SWAN = susceptibility weighted MR Angiography

30
Q

What test is best used for viewing cranial nerves traveling through the CSF?

A

FIESTA/CISS

31
Q

Which MRI is best to look at flowing and stationary nuclei (i.e. CSF)?

A

Phase Contrast MRi

32
Q

Which MRI is best to look at CSF flow while the heart is beating?

A

Phase Contrast Cine

33
Q

What imaging is best for viewing CSF at any region in the CNS and visualize its movment for up to 5 seconds? (independent of cardiac cycle)

A

Time-SLIP

- looking at one specific area to watch it’s movement

34
Q

To understand CSF flow disorders, this imaging quantifies CSF flow velocities.

A

Phase Contrast

35
Q

To understand CSF flow disorders, this imaging visualizes CSF flow characteristics, pathways and blockages.

A

Time-SLIP

36
Q

What is the contrast media used for an MRI? Is it iodine based?

A

Gadolinium

  • not iodine based
  • only used in T1
37
Q

When would you need contrast in a n MRI?

A

If suspected mass, metastasis, abscess, inflammation and infiltration

38
Q

What is the major side effect of gadolinium?

A

Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis

Neuro-Malloy (16 decks)

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