Optic Atrophy Flashcards
1
Q
How is optic atrophy seen on fundoscopy?
A
Pale and well demarcated.
2
Q
Is it unilateral or bilateral?
A
Usually bilateral
3
Q
Is it a sudden or gradual loss of vision?
A
Gradual
4
Q
What are some aquired causes of optic atrophy?
A
- Multiple sclerosis
- Papilloedema (longstanding)
- Raised intraocular pressure (e.g. glaucoma, tumour)
- Retinal damage (e.g. choroiditis, retinitis pigmentosa)
- Ischaemia
- Toxins: tobacco amblyopia, quinine, methanol, arsenic, lead
- Nutritional: vitamin B1, B2, B6 and B12 deficiency
5
Q
What are some congenital causes of optic atrophy?
A
- Friedreich’s ataxia
- Mitochondrial disorders e.g. Leber’s optic atrophy
- DIDMOAD - the association of cranial Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy and Deafness (also known as Wolfram’s syndrome)