Optic Atrophy Flashcards

1
Q

How is optic atrophy seen on fundoscopy?

A

Pale and well demarcated.

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2
Q

Is it unilateral or bilateral?

A

Usually bilateral

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3
Q

Is it a sudden or gradual loss of vision?

A

Gradual

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4
Q

What are some aquired causes of optic atrophy?

A
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Papilloedema (longstanding)
  • Raised intraocular pressure (e.g. glaucoma, tumour)
  • Retinal damage (e.g. choroiditis, retinitis pigmentosa)
  • Ischaemia
  • Toxins: tobacco amblyopia, quinine, methanol, arsenic, lead
  • Nutritional: vitamin B1, B2, B6 and B12 deficiency
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5
Q

What are some congenital causes of optic atrophy?

A
  • Friedreich’s ataxia
  • Mitochondrial disorders e.g. Leber’s optic atrophy
  • DIDMOAD - the association of cranial Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy and Deafness (also known as Wolfram’s syndrome)
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