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Intro To Drugs > opthalmic > Flashcards

opthalmic Flashcards

1
Q

Miosis

A

constriction of the pupil

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2
Q

Mydriasis

A

dilation of the pupil

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3
Q

Blepharitis

A

inflammation of the eyelash follicles

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4
Q

Conjunctiva

A

lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera

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5
Q

Cataract

A

clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its envelope

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6
Q

OU

A

Both eyes

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7
Q

OD

A

Right eye

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8
Q

OS

A

Left eye

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9
Q

Ung

A

Ointment

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10
Q

Gtt

A

Drop

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11
Q

IOP

A

Intraocular pressure

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12
Q

PERRLA

A

Pupils are Equal, Round, Responsive to Light and Accommodation

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13
Q

timodol, betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol

Ophthalmic Beta Blockers MOA

A

Reduces aqueous humor production

Decreases IOP

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14
Q

timodol, betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol

Ophthalmic Beta Blockers indications

A

Glaucoma

Ocular hypertension

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15
Q

timodol, betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol

Ophthalmic Beta Blockers adverse effects

A

Stinging/burning on application
Dry eye
Blepharitis
Corneal anesthesia

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16
Q

timodol, betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol

Ophthalmic Beta Blockers contraindictions

A 
Asthma/COPD
Bradycardia
Second or third degree AV block
Overt heart failure
Cardiogenic shock
17
Q

timodol, betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol

Ophthalmic Beta Blockers counseling

A

Use proper technique of nasolacrimal occlusion to decrease risk of side effects and increase efficacy
For ophthalmic use only
Remove contact lenses prior to use. Do not reinsert for 15 minutes
Gel solution only:

18
Q

Latanoprost, Travoprost, Bimatoprost, Tafloprost

Ophthalmic Prostaglandins MOA

A

Increases aqueous humor outflow

Decreases IOP

19
Q

Latanoprost, Travoprost, Bimatoprost, Tafloprost

Ophthalmic Prostaglandins indications

A

Glaucoma

20
Q

Latanoprost, Travoprost, Bimatoprost, Tafloprost

Ophthalmic Prostaglandins adverse effects

A 
Increased pigmentation of the iris
Eyelash changes
Eyelid skin darkening
Transient burning and stinging upon instillation
Blurred vision
21
Q

Latanoprost counseling

A

Protect from light
Store unopened bottles in the refrigerator
Once opened, bottle may be stored at room temperature for up to 6 weeks
A permanent iris color change (increased brown pigmentation) may occur
Remove contact lens before instillation of the solution. Leave contacts out for at least 15 minutes
If more than one type of ophthalmic solution is used, wait at least 5 minutes before administering second agent

22
Q

Carbonic Anydrous Inhibitors

A 
Other Drug Therapy Used for Glaucoma
Decrease IOP by decreasing aqueous humour production
Drugs:
Acetazolamide - Diamox
Brinzolamide - Azopt
Dorzolamide - Trusopt
23
Q

Neomycin/Polymyxin/Gramicidin MOA

A

Interferes with bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S ribosomal subunits
Binds to phospholipids and alters permeability of the bacterial membrane permitting leakage of intracellular contents

24
Q

Neomycin/Polymyxin/Gramicidin indications

A

Treatment of superficial infections

25
Q

Neomycin/Polymyxin/Gramicidin adverse effects

A

Superinfection

Transient burning, stinging, irritation

26
Q

Neomycin/Polymyxin/Gramicidin counseling

A

For ophthalmic use only

To avoid contamination, do not touch tip of container to eye or any other surface

27
Q

Ciprofloxacin, Besiflozacin, Gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifolacin, ofloxacin MOA

A

Inhibits the activity of DNA gyrase

Bacterial DNA is unable to replicate

28
Q

Ciprofloxacin, Besiflozacin, Gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifolacin, ofloxacin indications

A

Treatment of superficial ocular infection involving the conjunctiva or cornea

29
Q

Ciprofloxacin, Besiflozacin, Gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifolacin, ofloxacin adverse effects

A

Localized discomfort and irritation
Transient burning
Stinging

30
Q

Ciprofloxacin, Besiflozacin, Gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifolacin, ofloxacin counseling

A

Do not touch tip of container to eye or any other surface
For ophthalmic use only
Remove contact lenses during treatment for conjunctivitis

31
Q

Erythromycin MOA

A

Inhibits RNA dependent protein synthesis

32
Q

Erythromycin indications

A

Treatment of superficial ocular infection involving the conjunctiva or cornea

33
Q

Erythromycin adverse effects

A

Blurred vision
Transient irritation upon instillation
Transient redness upon instillation

34
Q

Erythromycin counseling

A

Do not touch tip of container to eye or any other surface
For ophthalmic use only
Remove contact lenses during treatment for conjunctivitis

Intro To Drugs (13 decks)

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