Ophthalmology

Question 1

what type of protein antigen is anterior uveitis associated with?

Answer 1

HLA-B27 antigen

Question 2

difference in symptoms between anterior uveitis and intermediate/ posterior uveitis

Answer 2

posterior uveitis: Patients typically present with painless blurred vision, floaters and photopsia (perception of flashes of light). On fundoscopy, choroiditis may be observed as raised pigmented lesions and retinitis may be observed as cotton wool spots and haemorrhages.

Question 3

What are the presenting features of ischaemic optic neuropathy?

Answer 3

Generally, patients present with sudden onset monocular vision loss and colour blindness.

Question 4

What simple test can be performed to differentiate between varicella zoster and herpes simplex?

Answer 4

Testing for corneal sensitivity with a cotton bud. Corneal anaesthesia is highly suspicious for herpes simplex infection.

Question 5

What are the 5 tests of optic nerve function?

Answer 5

Relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD), Colour vision, visual acuity, fundoscopy, visual fields.

Question 6

RF cataracts

Answer 6

Age
Smoking
Diabetes
Alcohol
Sunlight exposure
Corticosteroid use
Trauma
Previous eye surgery.