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ABGD study > Operative- ABGD > Flashcards

Operative- ABGD Flashcards

1
Q

What is the bactericidal composition of SDF?

A

38% fluoride
25% silver particles

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2
Q

How many ppm of Fl are in SDF?

A

44,800 ppm

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3
Q

How is SDF bactericidal?

A

“Zombie” effect. silver particles remain in the dead bacteria which kills the consuming bacteria

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4
Q

How much fluoride is in Fl Varnish?

A

5% NaF, 22,600ppm

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5
Q

How much fluoride is in rx toothpaste?

A

1.1% NaF, 5,000ppm

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6
Q

How much fluoride is in rx Fl rinse?

A

0.02% Neutral Sodium Fluoride 900ppm
prevident

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7
Q

how much fluoride is in OTC toothpaste?

A

0.12%: 1000ppm
0.25% NaF (sensodyne) : 1100

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8
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of calcium silicates compared to CaOH?

A

Advantage: (ie MTA)
increased antibacterial properties
increased dentin bridge formation
good dentinal seal

Disadvantage:
longer setting time
costlier than CaOH

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9
Q

What are the different types of ceramics- give examples

A

Glass:
- feldspathic- vitamark II
-Leucite reinforced: empress cad
-LiDi: emax cad

Oxide ceramics:
-Alumina- InCeram
-Zirconia: Zircad

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10
Q

What are the ways to pretreat restorative materials?

A

Air Abrasion with 50micron particles— metal alloys and zirconia

Acid etch with HF: glass ceramics

Tribochemical Silica Coating
- resin core materials
Zirconia?

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11
Q

What is MDP?

A

Phosphate methacrylate alloy primer that bond to non-precious metals and oxide ceramics.

MDP is an organic ester which can chemically bind to the oxide layer created on the metal surface through covalent bonds and also mechanical retention to the sandblasted surface. Among phosphate monomers, MDP seems to be more suitable for bonding to base metal alloys and provides greater bond strength.

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11
Q

What is Silane

A

A bifunctional molecule ceramic primer that bonds silica-based glass ceramics

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12
Q

what is VBATDT

A

Sulfide methacrylate alloy primer that bonds to precious metals

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12
Q

What are the ideal properties of a post?

A

max protection of the root from fx
max retention within rt
max retention of the core and crown
max protection of the crown marginal seal from leakage
pleasing esthetics
high radiographic visibinlity
retreviable
biocompatible

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13
Q

Explain the 4th gen bonding agents? What is an example?

A

3 step, E&R
Etch, rinse, prime, bond

Phosphoric acid
Hydrophilic primer (ethanol, acetone solvent)
Hydrophobic adhesive (non-solvated resin)

Example: Optibond FL

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14
Q

Explain the 5th gen bonding agents? What is an example?

A

2 step E&R
Etch, rinse, Prime/bond

Phosphoric acid
Hydrophilic primer (ethanol, acetone solvent) with a hydrophobic bonding resin

Optibond Solo Plus

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15
Q

Explain the 6th gen bonding agents? What is an example

A

2 step, Etch and dry OR 3 step with selective etch
(Etch/prime, and bond)
selective etch =. 3 step

Self etch with acidic primer
Hydrophobic filled bonding resin coating
excellent bond to dentin
Less sensitivity

Ex: clearfil SE protect or Optibond XR

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16
Q

What can occur if the solvent is not completely evaporated

A

unevaporated solvent will eventually be replaced by water which leads to hydrolysis of resin components and creates nanoleakage

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17
Q

Whatare dentinal collagen vunerable to and what else activates when exposed to etch and rinse procedures?

A

high vulnerable to hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation processes

Demineralization of dentin turns on MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases)

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18
Q

Explain 7th generation dentin bonding agents and give an example

A

1 step “one bottle”
etch/prime/bond

self etch
acidic primer with multiple functional monomers
poor performance clinically

Ex: optibond all-in-one

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19
Q

Explain 8th gen bond and give an example

A

1 step “one bottle”
etch/prime/bond

bonds to tooth and dental materials
multi-mode= etch and rinse, self etch, and selective etch

Scotchbond universal

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20
Q

What is the composition of enamel?

A

90% hydroxyapatite (inorganic)
10% water and organic

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21
Q

what is the sensitivity and specificity
what is preferred in dentistry

A

sensitivity- true positives- tests for who has the d.z.
specificity- true negatives - test for who doesn’t have the dz.

better to have specificity to avoid over treating

High sensitivity = more false positives, but also fewer false negatives
High specificity = more false negatives, few false positives

21
Q

What is the composition of dentin

A

50% hydryapatitie
30% collagen
20% water

22
Q

What is the diagnodent and does it have high sensitivity or specificity?

A

uses laser fluorescence to aid in the detection of caries within the tooth structure
sensitivity = over tx

23
Q

Is the visual method for caries detection viable?

A

yes
good accuracy and high specificity

24
Q

What are the pathologic and protective factors for teeth in the caries process?

A

Pathologic: BAD
bad bacteria
absence of saliva
destructive habits

Protective: SAFE
Saliva and sealants
antimicrobials
fluoride
effective lifestyle

25
Q

What is ICON?

A

low viscosity resin infiltration of for the tx of early lesions interproximal up to D1 (outer 1/3 od dentin)
good for white spot lesions
contraindicated in D2 or greater

Uses HF to etch teeth

26
Q

How deep can ICON penetrate? Is it more effective in active or arrested lesions?

A

450 microns
best in shallow, active lesions

27
Q

How strong is emax and what is the recommended thickness?

A

1mm- if bonding
500MPa

28
Q

What is C-factor and what are the implications in restoring with composite

A

bonded surfaces/#unbonded surface

lower C factor is better
Class V is lower than Class I

helps to understand polymerization shrinkage and sensitivity

if there are more bonded surfaces, then there is more tension pulling away from multiple surfaces and shrinking thus, more sensitivity

29
Q

What is the cervical margin elevation, is it viable?

A

GI or composite on margin to increase coronally.
yes, 95% survival rate, but ≤2mm from bony crest = greater BOP

30
Q

What is the longevity of veneers?

A

10 years- 95%

31
Q

What is the most critical factor in a veneers success?

A

Enamel
10x greater failure risk when bonded to dentin instead of enamel

32
Q

If we wanted to bond to Zirconia do we etch?
How do you bond to zirconia?

A

no. Zirconia is a polycrystalline solid and has no glass

50micron aluminum oxide air abrasion of intaglio
use MONOBOND PLUS ( bifunctional 10-MDP monomer can bond to metal oxide) or ROCATEC (tribochemical silica coating) to bond

33
Q

What is connector and pontic sizes needed for zirconia?

A

Anterior: 7mm2
Post: 9mm2
2 pontics: 12mm2

height is most important

34
Q

What are things to consider with air abraiding zirconia?

A

% yttria (3, 4, 5, mol)
the one with less tetragonal % might be more detrimental since it does not undergo as much transformation toughening to monoclinic particles

35
Q

What are the different types of resin cements

A

Curing
light cure
dual cure

Tx
Esthetic: total etch
adhesive: self etch
self adhesive

36
Q

What can you tell me about “Universal Adhesives”?

A

all in one
can be used for E&R, selective etch, and self etch
lower pH, enhancing self etch mode
MDP functional monomer- good for dentin
may include primers for glass and oxide ceramics

IE: scotchbond universal- 8th gen- contains silane but not as effective as separate silane

37
Q

What is an example of a bioactive resin material?

A

Activa

Calcium silicate and calcium aluminate materials for an apatite like material on the surface
limited research
have high early failure rates for class I and 2

also: proroot MTA, biodentine, endosequence, ceramir C&B (luting)

38
Q

How are manufacturers reducing shrinkage in bulk-fill materials?

A

using “stress-reducing resins”
fragmentation monomer,

39
Q

Whats the difference between incremental and bulkfill techniques?

A

Incremental: 2mm then cure, decreased polymerization shrinkage by placing at diagonals with less walls

bulkfill
up to 5mm composite then cure.
larger filler particles, more photoinitiators, increased tramslucency
maybe less voids

40
Q

What composite do you use and why?

A

Filtek supreme:
nanofilled composite
Why: good polishability, good esthetics, easy to get, good strength and shades, minimal shrinkage (<1%)
65-75% filled depending on translucency level
good wear
and high fracture strength (350MPa)

omnichroma
technically less good shade match, butmost people don’t notice for molars
supranano spherical
filler 79%
higher polish than filtek
flex strength < filtek
compressive similar to filtek
less wear than filtek
higher shrinkage 1.5%
stain resistance same
not as hard as filtek, but a more consistant cure at 4mm

41
Q

What is the blue light hazard?

A

Blue light, 440nm
absorbed by retina and can damage it.

Camphoroquinone 460

42
Q

What is the ISO standard for minimum output of a curing light
What do most composites recommend for cure?

A

ISO: 300mW/cm2
Composite: 550mW/cm2

43
Q

When did the EPA mandate amalgam separators be used by?

A

2020

44
Q

What is an amalgam separator and how does it work?

A

reduce amalgma discharged into water system. removed from waste vaccume system by sedimentation, filtration and ion exchange.

prohibits used of bleach in lines that may dissolve solid mercury when cleaning traps and vacuum lines

45
Q

What type of amalgam do you use and why?

A

Contour amalgam- admixed
70% spherical and 30% lathe cut
High copper (28%) to decrease gamma 2 phase and corrosion
great strength and handling
533MPa @ 25 hrs
almost 10 min working time

46
Q

What kind of curing light do you use and why?

A

Elipar LED by 3M
uniform distribution
2.1 mm curing depth, easy to hold one to, has sheilding
high intensity: 1200mW/cm2

47
Q

What is clearfil SE

A

6th generation bonding system
2 step etch and rinse. can use selective etch
great bond to dentin, less post op sensitivity

48
Q

Do you use sectional matrix for class 2?

A

yes, better contours, saves time, more predicable
garrison or V3s

49
Q

What are some disadvantages of IDS

A

additional steps
potential incompatibility with impression or temp materials
technique sensitive (remove excess material on enamel margins

50
Q

What do studies say about IDS?

A

Lab studies show improved bond strength, fewer gap formations, less bacterial leakage

no difference in post op sensitivity, but 11 yr clinical study shoed that feldspathic veneers with more than 50% dentin exposure had significantly better survival with IDS (96 vs 82%)

The use of filled adhesive resins (low elastic modulus liner) facilitates the clinical and technical aspects of IDS

51
Q

What do you know about millable ceramic polymer materials?

A

Example: vita enamic or Lavac Ultra

highly polymerized composite materials that have greater fracture roughness, better edge quality and no sintering

higher debonding for full crowns, because they flex. more suitable for inlays and onlays

52
Q

What are the risk factors that would lead you to classify somone as moderate or high caries risk

A

Poor OH
cariogenic diet
exposed roots
enamel defects
multisurface restores
overhangs or open margins
active ortho
cariogenic bact
chemo/rad
eating dioders
disability that prevents good OH
subopitnal Fl
xerostomia

53
Q

what do you do for high caries risk patients?

A

OHI
fluoride
eliminate caries
sealants
remineralize incipient
diet counseling
prevident and/or CHX (1 week a month)
xylitol
recall Q3months
moderate risk = 6mo
eval salivary flow

54
Q

what is the critical pH of enamel?

A

5.5

ABGD study (15 decks)

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