Operations Flashcards
Help Order
The process in which an IC or Division Group Supervisor will assist a firefighter who has declared a mayday:
- Communicate with the firefighter and try self-rescue
- Utilize the FF’s crew
- Use other nearby company already within hazard zone
- Use on-deck company as RIC
Incident Command Options
Nothing Showing Mode
Fast Attack/Mobile Mode
Command Mode
Strategic Decision-Making Model
Critical Fireground Factors
Risk Management Plan
Strategy
Incident Action Plan
Tactical Priorities (SOP’s)
Four items an initial IC uses to process information
Past experience
visual information
Reported info/reconnaissance
Pre-incident planning and familiarity
8 critical factors
- Building type
- Occupancy
- Arrangement
- Life safety
- Fire
- Resource
- Action
- Special circumstances
Blue Card Tactical Priorities
Rescue
Fire Control
Property Conservation
Customer Stabilization
Options for a Company Officer’s crew that goes into a Command Mode
- Company can be given an assignment with two members.
- Can be assigned to perform staff functions
- Can be assigned to another company.
Blue Card: “move up” an acting officer within the company
Website to submit a SAR (suspicious activity report)
SD-LECC.org
Meant for reporting suspicious activity such as possible terrorism, criminal activity, and potential hazards
The first arriving company responds directly to…
The scene and establishes one of the following modes:
- nothing showing
- fast attack
- command
Truck placement in a fire should account for…
Rescue
aerial operations
All out her truck functions
In the event rescue/medics is first on scene they should…
Perform priority tasks in support of the first arriving company.
- rescue/evacuation
- secure utilities
- **shall not assume fast attack or command mode
- **position out if the way that doesn’t obstruct access to other suppression and command resources
- **NSPM will not engage in operations
Three items to consider when placing apparatus in primary staging
- access
- direction of travel
- water supply
What will identify exceptions to standard initial response apparatus placement?
Pre-Fire planning
Apparatus placement on EMS calls
Park engine to allow ambulance access to load the patient
Parking at rescue type incidents
Leave access for the truck company to proceed into the scene.
Parking on freeway incidents
- Park for overall scene safety including using apparatus as a safety barrier.
- ambulances move inside the barrier
- clear as soon as possible to minimize freeway congestion
When will Draw down level for North Zone departments occur?
- Department units are committed for a period greater than 1 hour
- All second alarms or greater
- When activated by the IC
Length of time when an agency should work on backfill (during a zone move-up)
Incident greater than 2 hours
Where to find information about station you are responding to during a zone move-up
- Access codes should be in “comments” section of MDC
- if no access code is in MDC, contact dispatch
- lock box should be adjacent to station front bay door approximately 4 to 6’ in height
Standardized Move Up packet
- Should be in apparatus bay attached to the wall
- should include:
-city run maps
-pre fire plans
-remotes
-information to contact dispatch
-how to contact BC
-call list for city services
-station info:
Station access
Station map with utilities
How incidents are received
How to secure station for response
Any special conditions
Trigger Points for a 2nd alarm
Rescue
Extends beyond building or origin
No change in fire conditions
Water supply issues
Blue Card tactical priorities on a offensive fire
Fire Control
Life safety (primary and secondary)
Loss control/property conservation
Post fire control firefighter decon
Customer stabilization-short term
Defensive fire IAP in BlueCard
Identify critical fireground factors
Determine need for more resources
Evaluate fire spread and write off lost property
Search exposures
Protect exposures
Prioritize water streams
Surround and drown
5 items first arriving company officer should concern themselves with on high-rise operations
- Identify fire floor
- send atleast 3 of the first 4 units to the fire floor
- life safety to persons in immediate danger
- supplement fire protection systems
Recall all appropriate elevators
What is “Base” in high-rise operations
Ground level staging area. Must be expanded to support the large quantity of equipment and personnel to be staged. Located away from the incident.
Overhead considerations for a high-rise
- once department chiefs draw down happens, request specific number of other Zone chiefs.
- May request specific overhead positions through North Zone Qualification System
- Overhead should report to Base
- should have ICS position work materials
First alarm assignments-High rise
1st: Identify fire floor/utilize fire panel. Proceed to fire floor with company. May assume a division.
2nd: responds time the fire floor and reports to division/fire attack
3rd: lobby/systems; engineer supports fire suppression systems
* if the standpipe is dry, this should be the third engine company’s priority
4th: reports to fire floor or in-building staging 2 floors below based off of needs
Truck: fire floor for search and rescue (consider floor above)
As a general rule how many firefighters are needs for a working fire above the fifth floor?
100
Available communication systems in a high-rise
Radios Cellphones Business telephones within structure Built in emergency phones Intercom systems Messenger or relay system
Three top priorities on a high rise fire
Put the fire out
Rescue
Evacuation
RIC on a high rise
Labeled by floor (RIC 3 for example)
Out of IDLH but as close as possible
RIC group supervisor needed for multiple RIC teams
Who is responsible fire elevator use during a high rise
Lobby Control Unit Leader
Who is responsible fire controlling HVAC in high rise
Systems Control Unit Leader
- shut down systems if unsure how they work
- utilize building engineering to control air flow
ALS-BASE (High-rise pneumonic)
Attack (Fire)
Lobby
Staging
Base
During elevator rescue passengers can shake the door and it may open if the car is within ___ inches of the floor on a ________ elevator while within __ inches of an electric elevator
8; hydraulic
18; electric
5 conditions that may warrant forcing open elevator doors
- loss of communication with victims for 1 minute
- being trapped compromises patient suffering current medical condition
- sudden onset of chest pain
- smoke entering the car
- fight broken out between occupants
5 steps to an elevator rescue
- Locate the car and push hall button closest to the car. Have person do the same on inside of car. Inspect power switch, breaker, fuses, emergency stop button.
- Shake doors on inside and outside
- Instruct passengers to push or pull open interior door
- Forcible entry
- Shut main electrical and activate emergency stop
Maximum OSHA working level for CO
35 PPM for 8 hours
Maximum residential CO levels
9 PPM for 8 hours
4 steps to handling CO incident
- Interview
- Evacuate
- Investigate
- Communicate
SCBA requirements for CO
> 25 PPM
At what level of CO can residents renter their home
< 9 PPM
CO levels > 9 PPM and < 25 PPM
Ventilate the structure
Shut down the gas
Notify SDG&E
Advise evacuation
Recontact 911 of signs of CO poisoning start or 2nd alarm happens
CO levels > 25 PPM
SCBA
Evacuate
EMS survey
Ventilate
SDG&E
CO < 9 PPM
Ventilate
Reset alarm
Occupants contact SDG&E
Strategy versus Tactics versus Task
Strategy = defensive/offensive/combination
Tactics = RECEOVS (given in TLO)
Task = physical work being done (cutting a hole, pulling hose, throwing a ladder, etc)
3 levels of accountability
Strategic - IC
Tactical - Division/Group
Task - Company Officers
***will be implemented on all incidents requiring IDLH entry of two or more companies
4 ways Company Officer must stay in contact with crew
Voice
Visual
Touch
Radio
4 accountability responsibilities for the company officer
Stay together
Maintain ability to exit hazard zone
Don’t work past anyone’s air supply
No freelancing
4 items required for accountability at change of shift
Accountability tags
Helmet tags
Properly aliased radios
Names entered into CAD
5 reasons to perform a PAR
Change from offensive to defensive strategy
Every 30 minutes based off of incident timer
Missing, injured, or trapped firefighter
Sudden hazardous event (I.e. flashover, backdraft, collapse, mayday, abadanon, withdrawal etc)
As IC feels is necessary
Accountability tag colors
Black - truck
Red - engine
Blue - RA
Green - speciality unit
Purple - Chief Officer
Accountability tag information
Color
Agency designator
Resource type (E, T, M, B, etc)
Unit number
Position (#1 thru # 4)
Accountability Company Tag use
Used for high-rise and dropped off at Lobby Control.
Accident Report Kit
When to report
Two types of reportable conditions
What to do in event of an accident
- reportable incident, reportable accident, collision personal vehicle during city business
- Reportable incident: any accident involving city property caused by vandalism, theft, acts of nature
- Reportable accident: Any accident involving city vehicle or personal vehicle during city business resulting in death, injury, or property damage.
- 1.Stop 2.injuries? 3. Witnesses? 4. Identify yourself
Alcohol/Drug testing for vehicle accident
-loss to human life
-Employee issued a citation
-injury resulted in medical treatment
away from the scene
-disabling damage to any vehicle
Alcohol must be tested within 8 hours
Controlled substances within 32 hours
Mission Statement
Serve the public and safeguard the community from the impact of Fire, medical, and environmental emergencies through education, emergency services, and enforcement.
3 kinds of operations ICS must work around
Single jurisdiction and single agency
Single jurisdiction and multi-agency involvement
Multi-jurisdictions and multi-agencies involvement
7 features of the ICS system
Common terminology
Flexibility
Integrated communications
Unified command structure
Consolidated actions plans
Manageable span of control
Resource management
6 standard facilities identified in the ICS system
Command post
Base
Staging areas
Helibase
Helispots
Camps
Form Follows (ICS)
ICS organization reflects what is required of the incident.
Distinctive organizational title for Command Staff
Officer
Distinctive organizational title for General Staff
Section chief
Distinctive organizational title for Branch
Branch Director
Distinctive organizational title for division/group
Supervisor
Distinctive organizational title for Unit
Unit Leader
3 items that will always apply during unified command
- One IAP
- One Ops Chief to implement the IAP
- One ICP
When to implement a written IAP
2 or more jurisdictions are involved
Major personnel changes and go into a new operational period
Partial or full activation of the ICS system
Who does staging area manager report to?
Operations section chief or IC in absence of Ops
Three statuses a resource can be
Assigned
Available
Out of service
Three primary reasons to designate a deputy Incident Commander
- perform specific tasks as required by the IC
- to relive IC during next operational period
- represent assisting agency who may have jurisdiction
Command Staff
PIO
Liaison Officer
Safety Officer
Five units in the planning section
Resource unit
Situation unit
Documentation unit
Demobilization unit
Technical specialists
Resource unit responsibilities
Maintain status of assigned resources at an incident
Situation unit responsibilities
- Collecting, processing, and organizing of all situation information.
- prepare summaries and forecasts
- prepare maps and intelligence info
Documentation unit responsibilities
- Maintaining accurate files
- Provides duplication services
- helps develop/prepare IAP
Responsibilities of the demobilization unit
-develops and distributes demobilization plan
6 units within the logistics branch
Service Branch
Communications units
Medical unit
Food unit
Support Branch
Supply unit
Facilities unit
Ground support unit
Logistics section chief responsibilities
Provide facilities, services, and material
Communications unit responsibilities
- Develop plans for use of communications equipment
- Supervise communications center
- distribute communications equipment
Medical unit responsibilities
Develop medical plan
Obtain medical aid transport
Prepare medical reports and records
Assist finance section for workers’ comp
Food unit responsibilities
Supply food for entire incident
Coordinate with planning section, facilities unit, supply unit, ground support unit
Supply unit responsibilities
Ordering personnel, equipment, and supplies
storing supplies, maintaining inventory, servicing non-disposable supplies
Off incident ordering
Facilities unit responsibilities
Layout and activation of facilities including the ICP and base camp
Ground support responsibilities
Support out of service resources
Transport supplies and personnel
Fueling/maintain vehicles and equipment
Implement traffic plan
6 items to brief Chief Officer taking command
- General situation status
- Fire location, size, conditions, and extension
- Effectiveness of mitigation efforts, CAN
- Deployment and assignments of operating resources
- Resources that have been ordered
- Appraisal of needs for additional resources at that time
2 forms that can be used during incident command transfer
Tactical worksheet
ICS form 201
3 basic tactical priorities of a structure fire
Rescue
Fire control
Property conservation
Fire contained
Fire’s forward progress is stopped, however the fire is still active and overhaul is needed to completely extinguish the fire
Fire controlled
Fire is contained, overhauled, and completely mitigated
Primary Search Definition
A company from the first alarm assignment that has quickly gone through all affected areas and verified the removal and/or safety of all occupants.
Loss stopped definition
All property loss or threat to property has been mitigated. This includes further threat or loss from water damage, fire damage, chemical damage, etc. usually associated with the thorough completion of sale and overhaul.
Secondary search definition
Thorough search of the interior of a building that has been involved in fire after the initial fire control and ventilation activities have been completed.
________ rather than _______ is the critical factor during a secondary search
Thoroughness
Time
3 factors to consider developing a rescue size up
Number, location, condition of victims
Affect of the fire on victims
Capability of control forces to enter, protect, and/or remove victims
Order to conduct rescue efforts
- Most severely threatened
- Largest number of occupants
- Victims in the remaining fire area
- People in other exposed areas
Offensive fires should be fought from ….
The interior, Unburned side of the structure
What do initial fire attack efforts support?
The primary search…protect avenues of escape for victims
Seven sides of a fire
Front Back Two sides B and D) Roof Bottom Interior
Basic variables relating to offensive fire attack operations
Location/position of attack
Size of attack
Support functions
Candle moth syndrome
Companies lacking direction when fire is showing often lay hose and put water on the fire utilizing the shortest, fastest, most direct route (everyone goes straight to the flame)
When setting up offensive fire attack operations _____ your set up time and don’t ____ ______ the Fire
Project
Get behind
5 items to consider for hose placement
Size
Placement
Speed
Mobility
Supply
Where should a secondary line be placed
Secondary means of egress
Size of a back up hose line
Same or greater than primary line
The company officer must provide its own ________ and ______ supply of water
Uninterrupted and adequate
True or False: EOM 305 states “fire streams are never to be operated down ventilation holes during offensive fire operations”
True
Major Medical Response Units
4 engines
1 truck company
5 ALS ambulances
1 BC
Code X definition
Victim submerged below surface of the water
Typical time for rescue mode for Code X
1 hour
Definition of Datum
Last point where a victim was seen during a code X
4 steps of scene management during a code X
Identify an ICP
Establish personnel accountability
Designate a safety Officer
Designate divisions and groups
Post incident consideration for the IC after a code X event
Water quality testing by county health officials
4 options arriving on scene with IC already in place (blue card)
- Stage and await assignment
- Transfer and take command (if out rank the current IC)
- Take command if requested by the IC
- Join IC becoming part of command team
8 functions of command
- Assumption, Confirmation, and positioning
- Situation evaluation
- Communications
- Deployment
- Strategy and IAP
- Organization
- Review, reevaluate, and revision
- Continue, transfer, and terminate command
4 considerations for pre-incident planning (blue card)
Building size
Access and arrangement
Built in protection systems
Hazards
Evaluation prediction scale
Standard conditions (critical factors)
Standard actions (SOO/training/application/critique/revision)
Standard outcomes
Effective control by the IC =
Worker safety
The initial IC role is assumed by the …
First arriving responder
Passing command is actually
Command transfer
When arriving after command is established do the following three things
- Follow staging SOPs
- Staged units receive and acknowledge orders from the Ic
- Go to work on the IC’s order/work under the IC’s command
ZIP
Zero Impact command Period
***caused by uncommand confusion
Three outcomes when going into fast-attack mode
- quickly stabilize situation
- transfer command
- moves to a command position if situation is not quickly fixed
How many sides should the command post see if the fire
Ideally 2; front and most critical side
Size up is consideration of all…
Critical incident factors
Four sources of information an IC uses to make decisions
Visual
Previous experiences
Pre-planning
Reported/reconnaissance
Typical items/conditions visible on the exterior upon arrival of an incident (structure fire-blue card)
Area arrangement
Hazard evaluation
Hazard size
Incident building detail
Fire conditions
Status of humans
Physical threats
Resource status
Effects of operational actions
Three sources to gather critical information from during initial part of incident
Homeowners/occupants
Workers
Managers
Four items to consider during ore-incident planning of a building
Size
Arrangement
Hazards
Built-in protections
Effective information management is best served by simple, clear. And balanced ________
Communications
Max distance inside a hazard zone
150-175 feet
Fire ground control from the IC is demonstrated by the ability for the IC to determine
Position
function
5 basic safety components (blue card)
Functions of command
Risk management
Fit for duty firefighters
PPE
Safety SOP’s
Four standard tactical priorities which an IAP is based off of
Rescue
Fire Control
Property Conservation
Customer Stabilization
Three things a tactical priorities list gives the IC
Functions (what to do)
Priorities (when to do them)
Benchmarks (when they are completed)
(Blue Card) the basic order of development is determine the _______ and the tactical details are described in the _________
Strategy
IAP
5 benefits of naming the overall strategy (Blue Card)
- Structures decision making/evaluation
- Standardized understanding and communications
- Provides operational control
- Improves overall effectiveness
- Supports incident safety
4 standard tactical priorities (blue card)
Rescue
Fire control
Property conservation
Customer stabilization
An IC should keep a back up for every tactical position. Name 4 uses for a back up
- Reinforce current position
- Provide relief
- Cover new positions/functions
- Become a RIC
5 reasons to call for additional resources (blue card)
Actual or potential life hazard exceeds rescue capability of initial assignment
Seriously numbered patients outnumber workers
Actual or potential property protection demands exceed fire control and property conservation capability of the initial assignment
All companies are committed and the situation is not under control
Firefighters are depleted, exhausted, trapped, or missing
Small size structure
Reach 100% with 200’ line
Medium size structure
Reach 75% with 200’ line
Large size structure
Reach 50% with 200’ line
Mega size structure
Reach less than 50% with 200’ line
What does the first function of command do?
Starts the incident in a standard way
Defensive Tactical Priorities
Define Hazard Zone/Perimeter Control
Establish cut-offs
Search Exposures
Protect Exposures
Four standard tactical priorities
Rescue
Fire control
Property conservation
Customer stabilization
Intra and Post fire considerations
SDGE Duty Investigator Red Cross Zone Move Up Health department for restaurants Water department for fires needing master streams Environmental Health/Public works for run-off Board up company PIO Post fire “hot wash” Rehab Check for injuries with crew-members Decon SAVE program Releasing units and Switching to 5 Delta
NFPA 1500
RIC
Major Medical Response
1 BC
4 Engines
1 Truck
5 ALS ambulances
When to evacuate a building with suspected gas leak
> 10% LEL
